56—22 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
length of m. 3 exceeds, or is equal to, the united lengths of the two preceding teeth, 
the same holds good with regard to the proportionate length of mTh and the united 
lengths of the two preceding teeth. Similarly where the length of ui. 8 is less tlian 
that of the two preceding teeth, the same relation, although sometimes in a less 
marked degree, prevails in regard to the length of the corresponding lower teeth. ^ 
The mandible represented in plate XI., fig. 1 of the present volume was 
collected by Mr. Theobald in tlie Siwaliks of the village of Asnot, in the Punjab ; 
and from the structure of the cheek-teeth and the section of the canine evidently 
belongs to a species of SVs of large size. The extremity of the symphysis has been 
broken away, but the section of the incisors and canine still remains : the latter 
indicates a tooth of large size, with the characteristic ridge on the external surface ; 
and from the large size of this tooth the specimen may be safely referred to a male 
individual. The whole of the four premolars were originally present, but have been 
much damaged ; only a portion of the crowns of the two last teeth of this series 
now remaining : pru. i is separated by a considerable interval from pm. 2. The true 
molars of the left side are well preserved ; and are in a medium condition of wear. 
In the following table the dimensions of this specimen are compared with those of a 
male mandible of N. cristatus ; vis . : — 
Specimen. S. cristatus. 
Height of ramus at m. 2 
Vertical height of symphysis at canine 
Width of intermolar space at m. 2 
Length of three molars 
,, ,, six last cheek-teeth 
,, ,, 2 • 
Interval between pm. I and pm. 2 
Length of pm. 1 . . . . 
o 
• • • • 
Width ,,,,,, .... 
Length ,, ,, 3 .... 
Width ,,,,,, .... 
Length ,, ,, 4 .... 
Width ,,,,,, .... 
Length ,, m. 1 
Width ,, „ 
Length ,, ,, 2 
Width „ ,, ,, 
Length ,, ,, 3 
Width „ „ 
Longer diameter of canine 
It will be seen from these dimensions that 
3-4 
3-0 
l'4o 
3-72 
6-6 
1-85 
0-9 
0-54 
0-77 
0- 31 
1- 19 
0-79 
0-99 
0-9 
0-72 
0- 7 
1 - 1 
0- 9 
1- 9 
1-09 
1-22 
mTI and 
m. 2 
2-0 
2-1 
1-55 
3- 1 
4- 6 
1-45 
0-5 
0-29 
0-51 
0-28 
0-57 
0-3 
0-6 
0-4 
0-65 
0-59 
0-88 
0- G 
1- 65 
0-7 
0-91 
of the fossil are 
relatively wider than in the recent jaw ; and that although the length of m. 3 in the 
former exceeds the united lengths of the two preceding teeth, yet that such excess is 
relatively less than in the latter. The same points distinguish the upper jaw of 
S. giganteus ; and if the dimensions of the two series of lower teeth given above be 
compared with those of the upjier molars of S. giganteus figured in plate XI., and 
those of S. cristatus given in the last column of the table on page 56, it will be 
1 These comparisons, as is noted below, should always be made between teeth in nearly the same stage of detrition. 
