100—66 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
by some molars and an imperfect mandible ; the latter being figured and described 
in the first volume of this workd The mandible is distinguished from that of 
Entelodon by the absolutely and relatively larger premolars, and the more regularly 
oblong form of the crowns of the true molars. The genus is considered by Mr. F. 
OsboriP to be closely allied to the American Achcenodon^ ; being, as far as is at 
present known, distinguished only “ by the presence of a few minor tubercles upon 
the slopes of the molar cusps,” and by the larger size of the lower premolars in 
proportion to that of the true molars. It is quite possible that these distinctions 
may be only of specific, rather than of generic value. 
Family IV. : LISTBIODONTIDAE. 
Genus : LISTRIODON, H. von. Meyer.-* 
Syn. Lophiochoerus,^ Bayle, after Lart., MSS.; Tapir otherium, Blainville and Lartet ; 
(?) Calydonius, H. von Meyer. 
Position of the genus. — There has been much discussion as to the systematic 
position of this genus, which apparently forms a family of itself ; some writers, like 
De Blainville® and Gervais,^ being inclined to refer it to the Perissodactyla ; while 
Lartet (who also at first considered it allied to the tapirs®) finally classed it among 
the bunodont Suina.® The latter view has been adopted by Kowalevsky and other 
writers ; but Prof. Cope^® in a memoir published 1881 reverted to the original view, 
and classed Listriodon in the Tapiridce. The present writer considering that this view 
was probably supported by good evidence, adopted it in his own papers ; but since 
no evidence in favour of it has been subsequently published, and as Prof. Cope has 
given indications of retracting the same,” it appears advisable to adopt the more 
general view. That view is confirmed by the presence of a distinct talon to m. 3 , 
and by the form of the upper incisors, as well as by the secant character of the 
earlier premolars. 
In Europe the genus ajDparently contains only the single species L. splendens^^ 
H. Meyer, of the middle miocene, which has been found in France, Switzerland, and 
Styria. 
1 Page 78 (60), pi. X. 
2 “ Contributions from E. M. Mus. Geol. and Arcbseol. Princeton Coll. U.S.A.,” Bull. No. 3, p. 23, 1883. 
3 The same as Parahyiis, Marsh, according to Mr. Oshorn : the present writer was unacquainted with this s 3 'nonomy 
when writing “ Siwalik Selenodont Suina ” in the second volume of the present work. 
4 ‘Neues Jahrb.,’ 1846, p. 466. 
5 The genus Lophiodochxrus (at first Lophiochcerus), Lemoine, is apparently distinct. 
6 “ Osteographie,” Genus Tapirus, p. 52, pi. VI. [Tapirotherimn and I.ophiodon de Sansan) : the writer believes that this 
part of the Osteographie was published subsequently to 1846, so that Listriodon has the priority over Tapirothu ium ; but in 
any case the former name has met with pretty general acceptation. 
7 “ Zool. et Pal. Fran^.,” 2nd ed., p. 201 : Gervais states that in his own opinion the genus is allied to the tapirs, but in 
deference to Lartet’s opinion he places it among the Artiodactyla. 
8 “ Notice sur la Colline de Sansan,” p. 31. 9 Tide Gervais, op. ett., p. 201. 
10 ‘Pro. Amer. Phil. Soc.,’ 1881, pp. 374, 325. 
11 In a presentation copy of this memoir sent to the present writer. Prof. Cope has erased Listriodon from the Tapiridce. 
12 Syn. Tapirotherium larteti, G&cv.] Listriodon larteti, Gerv.; Lophiochoerus blainvillei, Bayle; Lophioehcerus splendens, 
(?) Jourd.; Tapirotherium blainvillei, Lart.; Sus tapirotherimn, Blain.; (?) Calydonius trux, and C. tener, H. von Meyer. 
