178—24 INDIAN TERTIARY AND POST-TERTIARY VERTEBRATA. 
characteristic of both the recent and fossil forms is well shown. Both agree in the 
continuous keels, which are perhaps rather more pronounced in the living form ; and 
in the strongly-marked areolse of the carapace. In Gray’s specimen the 1st vertebral 
plate is not so much expanded anteriorly, its antero-external angles not reaching to 
within a considerable distance of the 1st marginal sutures ; while the other vertebrals 
differ slightly in shape, and the vertebral keel is more strongly pronounced : other 
specimens in the British Museum show, liowever, a much closer resemblance in the 
form of the vertebrals, although in none of them is the 1st vertebral so much 
expanded anteriorly. All specimens of C. trijuga that the writer has seen are 
decidedly more depressed, and in a profile view the posterior extremity of the 
carapace does not rise so raj^idly as in the fossil ; while the latter lias not the slightly 
reverted anterior marginals of the recent form. The 5th vertebral is much wider than 
either of the three preceding ones ; and in some specimens is as wide as the pygals 
and last marginals together. An allied recent form known as C. suhtrijuga probably 
from the Dutch Asiatic colonies^ is distinguished by the absence of reversion of the 
anterior marginals, and a wider nuchal plate ; and in the former respect would 
therefore appear to be nearer the fossil. C. trijuga is found over a great part of 
India, and attains a length of eight inches ; but there is some doubt of the distinctness 
of the Ceylonese race, which is sometimes admitted as a species under the name of 
C. sebce} A larger allied form growing to a length of twelve inches has been 
described from Arakan, Pegu, and Tenasserim under the name of C. edeniana? 
Finally, the resemblance of the fossil under consideration to C. trijuga and its 
allies is so great that it may be pretty safely regarded as an ancestral form of this 
group : in view, however, of the uncertainty as to the number of existing species, 
and the difficulty of distinguishing them if they were found only in the fossil state, 
it would perhaps be unwise to make any nearer approximation to the affinity of the 
fossil. 
G. Carapace ivith three interrupted keels. 
Species 6. Clemmys pal^indica, n. sp. nnUs. 
(Allied to Clemmys hamiltoni [Gray.]) 
Introductory . — This species is founded on two shells of an emydine from the 
Siwalik Hills in the Cautley collection of the British Museum. Casts of the larger 
specimen were distributed under Falconer’s superintendence and labelled Emys 
hamilto7ioides, Falconer and Cautley ; but as this name is merely a MS. one,‘‘ and is a 
barbarous one, it has not been adopted. In 1883 the writer^ suggested that these 
specimens might be specifically identical with Clemmys hamiltoni. 
1 Vide Guntlier, “ Eeptiles of British India,” pp. 30, 31. 
2 Ibid\ and Theobald, “ Catalogue of Eeptiles of British India,” p. 12. 
3 Tide Theobald, “ Mason’s Burma,” vol. I. p. 338 (1882). 
■1 It occurs in a dealer’s list of casts. 5 ‘ Eec. Geol. Sui'v. Ind.’ vol. XVI. p. 67. 
