SIWALIK CROCODILIA, LACERTILIA, AND OPHIDIA. 
21—229 
was obtained by Mr. F. Fedden from the lower Siwaliks of Sind, and probably, 
therefore, belongs to the present form. This specimen agrees with the teeth of 
Gharialis gangeticus in the possession of strongly marked vertical ridges (which are 
placed more nearly mesially than in the fourth upper tooth of Crocodilus), but differs 
by the lesser degree of the curvature of the crown. Judging from the bases of the 
teeth in the type specimen of the present form, it seems that the figured tooth was 
placed with the plane of its vertical ridges more nearly transverse to the long axis of 
the jaw than is the case in the existing gharial. The dimensions of the base of this 
specimen are ITl x 1'05 inches ; the corresponding dimensions of the second tooth 
in the type specimen being 1*35 x IT inches. 
Specific distinctness and afidnitics. — The present specimens being very much larger 
than any of those already described, the question might arise whether they could 
belong to the adult form of any of those species. Now the only one of those species 
to which this hypothesis could possibly apply, would be the contemporaneous 
Gharialis curvirostris (pi. XXXI. figs. 1, 2). In the first place, however, the type 
specimens of that species apparently indicate an adult individual; while, in the 
second place, the present form differs from those specimens by the great expansion 
of the premaxillse, the downward flexure of the extremity of the latter, the form of 
the notch for the first mandibular tooth, the excess in size of the premaxillary over 
the maxillary teeth, the direction of the line of the latter, and the apparent straight- 
ness of the rostrum. There is, therefore, no countenance to this hypothesis ; and 
the present form may accordingly be regarded as distinct from all the other Siwalik 
species of Gharialis ; and it is equally distinct from the two European forms pro- 
visionally referred to the same genus. ^ Although the present large gharialoid differs 
from Gharialis gangeticus in the superior size of the premaxillary as compared with 
the maxillary teeth, in the presence of interdental pits in the maxilla, and in the 
form of the notch for the first mandibular tooth, yet its general characters come so 
close to those of Gharialis, in the sense in which it is here employed, that it may be 
at least provisionally referred to that genus ; and it is proposed to designate it as 
G. pachyrhynchus. 
That this species was of enormous size is quite evident, but from the imperfec- 
tion of the specimens it is difficult to make a calculation of its probable dimensions. 
The measurements given above apparently indicate an animal between two-and-a-half 
and three times the size of full-grown existing specimens of G. gangeticus, which 
attain a total length of about twenty feet. If the same proportions obtained in the 
fossil species, its total length would have been from fifty to sixty feet. 
Distribution. — Remains of Gharialis pachyrhynchus have at present been recognized 
only from the lower Siwaliks of Sind. 
Genus 3. Rhamphosuchtjs, n. gen., nobis. 
Definition. — Skull elongated into a rostrum, teeth numerous, nasals apparently 
1 The Sind form does not appear to approximate to the fossil N. American gharialoids known as Thoracosaurus, Solops, 
and ThecaeJtampsa (vide supra, p. 211^. 
y 
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