370 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
section, and by no means crowd the coelenteron. The retractor muscle is arranged on narrow, bifur- 
cating mesoglceal plaitings, the enlargement commencing in a rounded or acute manner some distance 
from the column-wall. The mesenterial epithelium is narrow and highly vacuolated, the protoplasmic 
contents being aggregated toward the margin. The parieto-basilar muscle is w r ell developed, situated 
on a strongly plaited pennon. The basilar muscle is strong and closely resembles that of Asteractis 
expansa. The perioral stomata are large, but the parietal are small and not easily distinguished. 
Trilobed filaments are borne by the members of the first three orders of mesenteries. 
All the mesenteries may be gonophoric, and apparently the polyps may be monoecious or dioecious. 
Localities. — Barbados (Lesueur), St. Thomas (Duchassaing & Michelotti), Bahamas (McMurrich), 
Bermudas (Verrill), Jamaica (Duerden), Porto Rico (U. S. Fish Commission). 
In general the species is easily distinguished among West Indian anemones by the transverse 
white ridges on the oro-lateral aspect of the tentacles. The character, however, is not as readily 
recognizable on preserved specimens as on the living polyps. Further, at Drunkenman’s Cay, beyond 
Port Royal, Jamaica, where P. crucifer occurs in abundance, specimens are occasionally found in 
which the tentacular swellings are altogether absent, while others exhibit all intermediate stages in 
their presence or absence. 
In his most recent paper Verrill ( 1900, p. 556) identifies the form devoid of the tentacular ridges as 
the Actinia osculifera of Lesueur (1817, p. 175). If intermediate stages toward the full development or 
absence of a specific character mean anything at all, it is clear that the form Verrill identifies as A. 
osculifera can not be considered as a species distinct from /'. crucifer. Verrill states: 
“This species or variety scarcely differs from E. crudfera except in lacking the transverse white 
ridges on the tentacles, characteristic of the latter. The colors of the two forms are similar and are 
variable in the same way in each.” 
REFERENCES. 
1883. Andres, A. Le Attinie. Atti. R. Accad. dei Lincei. Ser. 3, vol. xiv. 
*1900. Appelt.of, A. Studien fiber Actinien-Entwicklung. Bergens Museums Aarbog, 1900, No. 1. 
1897. Beneden, E. van. Les Anthozoaires de la Plankton-Expedition. Kiel und Leipzig. 
1896. Carlgren, O. Beobachtungen fiber die Mesenterienstellung der Zoantharien nebst Bemer- 
kungen fiber die bilaterale Symmetric der Anthozen. Festskrift for Lilljeborg, Upsala. 
1898. Carlgren, O. Zoantharien der Hamburger Magalhaen’sisehe Sammelreise. Hamburg. 
1900. Carlgren, O. Zur Kenntnis der Stichodactylinen Actiniarien. Others. K. Vet.-Akad. Forh., 
No. 2, Stockholm. 
1900a. Carlgren, O. Ostafrikanische Actinien, Gesammelt von Herrn Dr. F. Stuhlmann 1888 und 
1889. Mitt. a. d. Nat. Mus., Hamburg, xvii. 
1889. Dixon, G. Y. and A. F. Notes on Bunodes thallia, Bunodcs verrucosa, and Tealia crassicornis. 
Roy. Dublin Soc. Proc., N. S., vol. vi. 
1850. Duchassaing, P. Animaux Radiaires des Antilles. Paris. 
1860. Duchassaing, P., et Michelotti, J. Memoire sur les Coralliaires des Antilles. Mem. Reale 
Accad. Sci. Turin, ser. ii, Tom. xix. 
1866. Duchassaing, P., et Michelotti, J. Supplement au Memoire sur les Coralliaires des Antilles. 
Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Turin, ser. ii, Tom. xxm. 
1897. Duerden, J. E. The Actiniarian family. Aliciid;e. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. xx. 
1898. Duerden, J. E. Jamaican Actiniaria. Part I. Zoantheee. Roy. Dublin Soc. Trans., ser. 2, 
vol. VI. 
1898a. Duerden, J. E. The Actiniaria around Jamaica. Jour. Instit. Jamaica, vol. ii, No. 5. 
1899. Duerden, J. E. The Edwardsia-stage of Lebrunia and the formation of the gastro-coelomic 
cavity. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., vol. xxvii. 
1900. Duerden, J. E. Jamaican Actiniaria, Part II. Stichodactylime and Zoanthese. Roy. Dublin 
Soc. Trans., ser. 2, vol. vii. 
1900a. Duerden, J. E. Order of appearance of the mesenteries and septa in the Madreporaria. Johns 
Plopkins University Circulars, vol. xix, No. 146. 
1767. Ellis, J. An account of the Actinia sociata or clustered animal flower lately found on the 
sea coasts of the newly-ceded islands. Phil. Trans., vol. lvii. 
1786. Ellis, J., & Solander, D. The natural history of many curious and uncommon Zoophytes, etc. 
London. 
1885. Erdmann, A. Ueber einige neue Zoantheen. Jenaische Zeitschr., vol. xix. 
1895. Faurot, L. Etudes sur l’anatomie, l’histologie et le developpement des Actinies. Arch, de 
Zool. Exp. et Gen., ser. 3, vol. iii. 
