Record of Geology of Texas, ISS^-lSOe. 
189 
Kennedy, W. 
loccupy positions between the isolated ridges, or what may be said to form 
the broken ends of the marine beds. This, however, is to be expeoted, if 
we are ito assume that these geodes or njodules with their isurrounding sands 
are the products, or the results of, erosion and consequent destruction of 
the glauconitic beds. 
•35- -S * 
‘Tn saying that none of these ore deposits occurs beneath the thinly 
stratified uppermost lignitie beds, I do not mean to affirm that no ore 
occurs within the lignitie series, but simply that none of the great deposits 
of nodular ore in East Texas which have hitherto been assigned to that 
series belongs to the lignitie. Small deposits of a nodular variety of ore, 
as well as clay iron-stone, do occur at several places within the lignitie 
beds. These, however, lie at considerable depths, and are found amongst 
the clays and sand of that series in well digging and other deep excava- 
tions. These are not all clay iron-stones nor carbonates, as has been 
asserted, and throughout the extensive areas of the eastern division of the 
'State, in which the lignitie strata form the surface deposits, no ore of 
any kind has yet been found. The absence of these ores from the great 
lignitie areas of 'Limestone, Lobertson, 'Smith, iHarrison, Panola and other 
counties certainly appears remarkable if the nodular ores of Cass, Marion 
and others belong to these deposits. 
‘‘^While the question of the age of the nodular ores may form a subject 
for discussion, no such doubt or difficulty besets the age of the laminated 
lores of the region. These are altogether from top to bottom of Tertiary 
age and of the lower Claiborne or marine Eocene wherever found.” 
Discussion of the origin and formation of the ores. 
278. 
The Iron Ores of East Texas. 
Trans. Amer. Inst, of Mining Eng., Vol. XXIV, pp. 258-288 
and 862-863. 
(Virginia Beach Meeting, Eehrnary, 1894.) 
Introductory: Mainly a history of the iron industry in Texas. Greology 
of the Ore-iRegion. Age of the lOre-Deposits. Classification of the Ores. 
Cihemical Analyses of the Ores : Table I. — Analyses of Nodular Iron Or^s. 
Table II. — ^Analyses of Laminated Ores. Table III. — Analyses of Iron 
Ores collected from East Texas, not included in Tables I and II. Table 
iIV. — ^Analyses of Nodular Ores found in Cass, Marion, Upshur and Har- 
rison counties. Table V. — Analyses oif Laminated Ores from Morris, Har- 
rison, Henderson, Anderson, Cherokee, and ;Eusk counties. Table VI. — 
Analyses of Pig-Iron made from East Texas Iron lOres. Tests of Tensile 
and Transverse IStrengths of Cast-Iron made at the Lone Star Furnace. 
Table VII. — ^Analyses of Limonites from Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky, 
Greorgia, Sweden, Canada and Texas. Table VIII. — ^Comparative Partial 
Analysis, showing Metallic Iron, Phospliorus, and Phosphorus Ratio of 
Iron Ores from Southern Texas. Table IX. — 'Comparative Analyses of 
Pig-Iron. Table X. — ■Furnace Returns, Showing Average Yield of Iron in 
different Southern States. Methods and Cost of Mining and Production. 
Cost of production in the South as calculated by Carroll D. Wright 
