218 
Tkansactiot^s Texas Academy of Science. 
Toeslee, F. E. 
line and west of the ninety-ninth meridian as far as .the one-hundredth 
meridian, all the flowing water obtained from well is impregnated with 
salt, coal oil, gas, and various compounds of soda, sulphur, gypsum, and 
is generally unfit fo<r irrigation or any other purpose. The wells east of 
the ninety-ninth meridian ar£! in material that a non-geologist would locate 
as underlying the coal measures, while the mineral wells are in the coal 
measures and partake of all the evil smells and flavors that these strata 
afford. As a rule good water (flowing wells) can be obtained anywhere 
east and north of the coal measures at a depth not exceeding 1,000 feet. A 
flow of 10 to 100 gallons per minute can be obtained at from 200 to 500 
feet, with an increase of flow as the depth is increased. 'South of the line 
fTom Bandera county to Aransas Pass, and -west of the ninety- ninth meri- 
dian, flowing water is found at a depth of 500 to 1,600 feet, but bad water 
is encountered at 50 to 100 feet, and does nob appear to improve at greater 
depth, though the well-borers and others claim to a man that there is 
good water in the last deposit of water that was struck in nearly every 
well that I examined. I confidently believe that there is much truth in 
the assertion, knowing that until within the past two or three years there 
was not an apparatus in the 'State that was adapted to deep borings, and 
the most of the men were new in the well-boring business, and a majority 
of failures were due to inexperience and the improper tools used. 
“West of the one-hundredth meridian as far as the Pecos river, in what 
might be called the 'Semi-arid region,’ there are a few flowing wells, none 
of which are over 150 feet deep, and all of which were found accidentally. 
There ave three in Hockley county, one in Dallam county, one in Lubbock, 
and one in Midland county. The flow from any of them is insignificant, 
except that in Midland county, and this well is more of a spring or under- 
ground stream than a well, presenting a feature not common to the rest 
of the county. 
“In the arid region west of the Pecos river, in Reeves county, there are 
twenty-six flowing wells. Twenty-four wells are at Pecos City, varying 
in depth from 185 feet to 300 feet, and in flow from 20 gallons to 300 
gallons per minute. Twenty-two miles west of there, at Toyah Station, 
are two flowing wells, one of which is 832 feet deep. The flow from this 
well is 300 gallons per minute. The water contains sulphur, but judging 
from the appearance of a five-acre garden irrigated from it, the water is 
beneficial rather than otherwise to plant life.” Pp. 243-244. 
Irrigating Capacity of Flowing Artesian Wells. Remarks. Profit of 
Artesian Well Investments. Recommendations. 
Part II. The Texas Division. That part of the State lying west of the 
ninety-seventh meridian. tSubhumid Region, /Dist. No. 1. That part of the 
iState lying between meridiians 97 and 100. Altitude of numerous places. 
■Section of the old well on -the Capitol Grounds at Austin. Constituents 
of the water. Modern Flowing Wells. Artesian wells under construction 
or contract. Artesian Well Failures. Negative Artesian Wells. Numor- 
ous Well Sections. Chemical Analyses of Texas Well Water.- 'Railroad 
Water Supply: Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railroad Com- 
pany; Texas Pacific Railway Wells; Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway; 
Fort Worth and Denver. Water Supply of Texas Cities and Towns. 
