Cabnivob A. MAMMALIA. Pinnipedia. lx v 
back and sides ; color on tlie throat paler than 
Its dimensions are much the same as others previous- 
sides; beneath, white spotted ; inside of legs, banded ; 
ly mentioned. 
tail with a small black patch at the end above ; inner 
CANADA LYNX {Lynx canadensis, Paf.) — This 
surface of ear black, with a white patch. In addition 
Lynx is the largest of all the North American species. 
to the markings described there is an obscure dark 
It is quite easily distinguished by its general aspect 
line along the sides of the neck, starting below the' 
of bulkiness ; its feet are larger, and the longer hair 
ear, and two rounded black spots between the anterior 
gives a stouter look to the limbs and body. 'I'he 
extremities of these lines, which diverge slightly from 
neck has a pointed ruff on each side. 'L’he tail is 
each other. The ears are quite large and pointed. 'J’he 
very short, but densely covered with hair. The gen- 
prevailing color above is a chestnut-brown, darkest 
eral color is gray, sometimes being quite whitish. 
on the vertebral region ; this is, however, imparted 
The pencils on the ear tips are black and very 
by a large number of crowded, rounded spots, between 
prominent, being about two inches long; and the ex- 
which the color is lighter.” Measurement given is 
treme tip of tail is black. Along the margin of the 
three feet from nose to root of tail ; tail vertebrae, 
ears the hair is black. The head and body of this 
five and three-quarters inches ; tail, including hairs. 
Lynx is thirty-four and a half inches in length ; the 
six and a half inches. The Mexicans call it Gato 
tail vertebras, four and a half inches; tail, with hairs. 
montes ; the Yuma Indians, No me; the Cochines 
five and three-quarters inches. Some doubt exists 
of California, Chimbi. Its voice is likened to the 
among European authors concerning the identity be- 
Puma, when enraged. Mexico, Texas and California 
tween this and the European species — some claiming 
seem to be the favorite localities of this variety. 
them as one species. This is the Loup cervier of the 
EED CAT {Lynx fasciatus, Rnf.) — This is the 
early French writers, and the Big Gray Wild Gat of 
I’lGER Cat of Lewis and Clark. It is described as 
the New York hunters. Godman calls it the North- 
having a very full and soft fur, and pencilled ears. 
ern Lynx, and De Kay adopts this as his trivial 
The back is of a rich chestnut-brown color, a little 
designation, and Lyncus borealis as the systematic 
paler on the sides and on the throat, which has a 
name. It is, perhaps, better known as the Canada 
darker band on the dorsal portion. Along the 
Lynx. In the northern districts of New York State 
central line of the belly is a dull whitish tint, with 
it is not uncommon, where it preys on the Hare and 
dusky spots, extending to lower part of sides. No 
other small quadrupeds, occasionally venturing into 
spots or bands are to be seen on the upper part of 
the farm-yards to seize upon young pigs, lambs, &c. 
the sides. Ears are black inside, with a very incon- 
It is regarded as a timid animal, and one that is 
spicuous patch of grayish. Terminal third of tail 
easily destroyed. Its locomotion is rather peculiar, 
above, black. 'I’his species is considered remarkable 
consisting of a series of leaps, alighting on all-fours 
for the softness of its fur, and resembles, in that re- 
at each bound. It swims well, taking to the water 
spect, the L. canadensis. It is rather distinguished 
readily. It breeds once a year, having two at a time. 
from others by its rich chestnut color. It was first 
No Lynx has been found in South America, though 
described by Lewis and Clark, in their report of 1814. 
some of the s})ecies extend their range pretty well 
Its habitat is mostly in the regions of the northwest. 
down in Central America. 
Oedee VI.— PINNIPEDIA. 
are found in the West Indian seas; the remainder are 
Seals. 
confined to the colder jiortions of the globe. .Most 
Animals having fin-like extremities — “ flippers,” so 
of those found in the soulliern hemisjihere differ 
called by the “toilers of the sea” — are, in the no- 
somewhat from those of the northern regions, not 
menclature of science, Pinnipeds, or designated as a 
only in species, but in belonging to different groups. 
whole group, Pinnipedia, from the Latin, pinna, a 
'I'he Seal is adapted, to a certain extent, for terres- 
fin or wing, and pedia, from the noun pes, a foot ; 
trial locomotion. 'I’he muscles of the trunk are 
hence, fin-footed. They are, on a general view of 
enormously developed to aid the weaker anatomy of 
Jlammals allied to them on either hand, so far as the 
the extremities. Ample opportunity is, of late y(;ars, 
appearance of the skeleton goes, on a middle ground, 
offered to witness the progression of these creatures ; 
the Whale, an air-breathing mammal, being a few 
several sjiecies of (hem are kept in j)ul.ilic collections 
grades less perfect in its bony structure, having for 
very successfully. 'I'he method of their progress is 
instance no hinder extremities, but supplied with an 
much like that of the Surveyor, or Inch-worm. 'I’he 
external development of the muscular tissues that 
hinder extremities are drawn forwards, and placed 
quite simulates the fin of a fish, though it is horizon- 
with their extended webbed feet flatwise upon the 
tal, instead of vertically placed as in fishes. On the 
surface; the body is now thrown out to its utinost 
other side the Otter, especially the Sea Otter, is a 
tension, the “ flippers” or forward limbs aiding some- 
degree more advanced towards the typical vertebrate 
what to break the fall and to grasp the surface. 'I’he 
Mammal. Seals are not numerous as species ; not 
main exertion seems to be expended in the latter 
over thirty have been enumerated. Dr. J. E. Gray 
third of the body, which curls under with the feet, bofh 
distributes them into thirteen genera. 'J'wo species 
together forming a sort of C spring, the muscles of 
VOL. I.— t. 
