Cetaoea.- 
-MAMMALIA.- 
-Cetacea. 
cervical vertebrae are often ancliylosed. 'I'lie neural 
canal is large, high and triangular. The ribs are 
fourteen or fifteen. 
jMegaptera. — Gray. 
The generic characters are seen in the absence of 
an acromion and conacoid processes to the scapula, 
and in the body of cervical vertebrre being sub- 
circular. 
LONG-HANDED HUMPBACK {Megaftera longima- 
na, Gray). — This was described by Gray, also, as M. 
boops. It inhabits the North seas. .A species in- 
habiting the seas of New Zealand is named by Gray 
M. norm zelandim. 
BURMEISTER’S HUMPBACK [Megaptera iurmeis- 
teri. Gray). — 'I’his is recorded in Gray's Catalogue 
with a mark, “ ” after the generic name, and is 
given as a synonym of M. lalandii of Van Beneden. 
Its habitat is Buenos Ayres. A skeleton is in the 
Museum there. 
THE AMERICAN HUMPBACK {Megaptera ameri- 
cana). — ^Gray places this as an inhabitant of Ber- 
muda waters, and adds a note quoted from Hartt’s 
Geology and Physical Geography of Brazil, page 
182, as follows: “'I’he Norwega is a Humpback, 
which has the belly white and smooth (?) ; back, very 
dark bluish ; length, fifty to fifty-five feet. This 
Whale gives more oil than the Mystica. The whale- 
bone is short, and sells well. 'J'he beach on which 
the Whales are cut up is strewed with bones. 'I’he 
fishery is carried on at Bahia on a much larger scale 
than at Caravellas.” 
Megaptera Icusira is another form, having its hab- 
itat in Japanese seas, a skull of which is at the 
Museum in Leyden. 
Megaptera osphyia. — Prof. Cope, in Froc. Acad. 
Nat. Sci., Phila., 1865, describes this species, and 
gives the Atlantic as its locality. A skeleton of 
the creature is in the Museum at Niagara. This 
particular specimen is about thirty-four feet in 
length ; but Prof. Cope is of the opinion that 
it belongs to one of the largest of the Balcenidoi. 
The baleen measures two feet in length, is black, 
with three rows of coarse bristles. Its base is one 
curve; its length is spirally twisted. 
Megaptera versalilis. — This is another species, 
described by Prof. Cope, in 1869, iii Froc. Acad. 
Nat. Sci., Phila. Its habitat is the North Pacific 
and the California Coast. 
Captain Scammon, in his Marine Mammals of the 
North-west Coast of N. A., remarks, concerning the 
multiplication of species — upon paper; “We have 
frequently recognized, upon the California Coast, 
every species here described, and even in the same 
school or ‘ gam.’ Moreover, we have e.xperienced 
the greatest difficulty in finding any two of these 
strange animals externally alike, or possessing any 
marked generic or specific diff'erences. If the differ- 
ences pointed out as constituting different species are 
maintained, we conclude there must be a great num- 
ber. We have observed, both in the dead and living 
animals, the following different external murks. First: 
Body black above, white beneath. Second: Body 
black above and below, with more or less white mot- 
tling under the throat and about the abdomen ; pec- 
toral and caudal fins white beneath, or slightly spotted 
with black. Third: Body black above, white beneath, 
with under side of pectoral and caudal fin of a dark 
ash color. Fourth: Body black above, with gray mot- 
tling beneath. In all these varieties, both the caudal 
and pectoral fins differ in shape and size ; the latter, 
in some individuals, being exceedingly long, narrow 
and pointed, while others are comparatively short 
and broad. There are still others whose pectorals 
are of intermediate proportions, but terminate abrupt- 
ly, which also represent the scalloped flukes present 
in some individuals. Again, in other examples, the 
caudal fin is narrow, pointed and lunate ; in others, 
still, it is broad, and nearly straight on the posterior 
edge. All these varieties feed and associate together 
on the same ground, and in every particular their 
habits are the same, so far as we have been able to 
ascertain from careful observation. All, likewise, 
are infested with the same parasites. As to the 
dorsal protuberance called the hump, it is, as has 
been previously stated, of no regular shape or size, 
but is nearly of a uniform height ; the posterior edge 
is sometimes tipped with white. As to the tuber- 
cles on the head and lips, they were present on all 
we have examined — twenty or more specimens. 
Those about the head are always well developed, 
while those upon the lips, in many individuals, are 
scarcely perceptible. In some instances, however, 
they equal or exceed those which crown the skidl. 
There is no regularity in the number of gular folds, 
which, as far as observed, vary in number from eigh- 
teen to twenty-six. In some cases, they run parallel 
to each other ; but usually there are several that 
either cross or terminate near the pectorals. The 
animals are all described as being black above ; but, 
in the examples which have been examined, there was 
not one, when closely scrutinized, which did not re- 
veal some slight marks of white.” 
PoEscoi’iA. — Gray. 
The forms arranged under this generic heading are 
characterized as having a shoulder-blade with a 
small coracoid process, and the cervical vertebrs; 
with bodies nearly square. 
LALAND’S WHALE {Poescopia lalandii). — A 
skeleton of this Whale is in the British Museum, 
and its habitat is given as Cape of Good Mope. It 
is the only species of the genus recorded in Gat. Seals 
andWhales by Gray, and we know of no other. 
Esciirichtius. — Gray. 
Gray establishes this genus, with the following 
characters, viz. : Bladebone with large coracoid pro- 
cess ; body of the cervical vertebrce separate, small, 
roundish-oblong. The neural canal is very broad and 
high. 
ROBUST HUMPBACK {Fschrichtius roiustus, 
Gi'ay). — 'I’he habitat of this species is given as 
North iSea, coast of Devonshire, Sweden and the 
Atlantic. Prof. Cope remarks : “ The B. robustus 
