cclxviii PuLMONiFEHA. MOLLUSCA. Pulmonifera. 
sliore, but most of’ tliein, very small, are taken in the 
'I’he genus Purpura includes forms that emit the 
stomaclis of Fisbes. AVe liave collected fine large 
beautiful 'I’yrian dye. 'I'hese shells are very abun- 
species on tlie coral rocks of Plantation Cay, Florida 
dant on the rocks at Nahant, and the least disturb- 
Reef. Eight species are recorded, in two genera. 
ance of an individual is followed by a flow of the 
Famii.v DEN'I’ALIID J'] embraces the sniall horn- 
purple fluid, staining the hand very positively, if 
like tubular shells, with two genera and two species. 
touched. Dr. Gould well remarks that “ AVhile there 
Family PA'I’ELLID/E is represented by two gen- 
is an individuality to these shells, by which they are 
era and three species, comprising the little ‘‘knee- 
easily recognized, yet there are scarcely two alike in 
pan shells.” 
markings, so varied are the stripes, and infinitely 
Family CALYP'I’R^IDJE includes the little 
varied the details.” 
“ Boat-shells,” Orepidnlas, and the exquisite little 
Family MURIOID^ has seven genera and four- 
Chemoria noachina. 'I'hen the lanthinas, those 
teen species ; all its members are notable and familiar. 
beautifully indigo colored waifs that float upon the 
'I'he Fusus is a handsome shell ; and the Busycon 
broad ocean. One species only is known here, and 
is nearly the largest of the class having a hab- 
that is cast ashore during gales of wind. 
itation on our shores. 'J’he spawn of this shell is 
Family TROCHID/E has three genera and ten 
particularly interesting; it is found cast upon 
species. Paludmidm has three genera and seven 
beaches, and resembles a coil of shaving just from 
species, found in the fresh-water streams and ponds 
an augur or plane. It consists of a number of discs 
of New England. Littorinidm number five genera 
of membrane, about an inch or less in diameter. 
and sixteen species; Scalar iidce, o\\& g&nns and three 
strung upon a tough cord ; the whole having a spiral 
species ; Turritellidm, two genera and six species ; 
form. When the eggs within these discs are mature. 
and the Gerithiidm, two genera and three species. 
a small ojiening is disclosed in the edge of each, and 
The beaviliful and rare Rostellaria, now called Aporr- 
from this the minute ami 'perfect shells emerge. 'I'he 
hais occidentalis, is a prominent species of this 
large species, B. canaliculatum, is sometimes found 
family. 'I’he exigencies of science have rudely sub- 
on the shores of Cape Cod, but is common farther 
sti tilted a name of doubtful euphony for the pleasing 
south. 'I’he largest of the class is the B. carica ; 
Rostellaria. 'J’he former great rarity of this shell 
not so elegant in shape, though having more color. 
has endeared the old name, as well as its familiar 
ViWYiWy Cancilliiriidm has two genera and two species. 
form. A species much like this we have received in 
Prof Verrill, of Yale College, has given us the 
considerable numbers, in a fossil state (Post Plio- 
following information as to a few species which 
cene), from a friend in Mississippi. Pyramidellidm 
have lately been determined as inhabiting our coast. 
has four genera and twelve species. 
Buccinum tenue. Gray; dredged alive in consider- 
Family A^ELU'ITNlUvE has the delicate little 
able numbers off Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, in eighty- 
ear-shell (Velutina haliotoidea) which is said to be 
eight to ninety-two fathoms. B. cyaneum, Brug ; 
found among sea-weeds nearshore. Formerly it only 
taken with the last, living, and about equal in abun- 
came to notice through the overhauling of fishes’ 
dance. Hitherto it has been considered eminently 
stomachs, where it is very common, associated 
arctic ; others have since been taken off Sable Island. 
willi many other small shells that seem to live ex- 
Neptunea propinqua (Fusus propinqus, Alder) ; a 
clusively in deep water. 'I'hese shells the Cod and 
number of fine specimens taken with the preceding. 
deep-water Fishes feed upon in winter. 'I'lie Nati- 
'i’riopa lacer, Loven ; “This interesting addition to 
cidm are notably sizable shells ; six genera are 
our Fauna was dredged in 1877 at several localities 
known, and nine species. The N. heros, now called 
in Massachusetts Bay, in forty to fifty fathoms, and 
Lunatia heros, is a most familiar shell upon the 
off Nova Scotia in eighty to one hundred fathoms. 
northern beaches ; several small species are found in 
Scyllsea edwardsi, Yerrill; a new species, taken in the 
Cod. Family Turritidce has two genera and eight 
autumn of 1877 by Mr. Vinal N. Edwards, at AYood’s 
species ; Columbellidm one genera and four species ; 
Hole, Massachusetts, on eel-grass (Zostera) in the 
and Purpuridm three genera and eight species. 
harbor, and in Vineyard Sound of floating Sargassum. 
Sub-class — PULMONIFERA [Land and Fresh-water Mollusks.) 
Famii.y HELIClD^d'l embraces eleven genera and 
it is also tlie largest Snail. Its range, both recent 
fifty-four species. 'I'liis is an interesting as well as 
and fossil, is the same as the latter. H. hortensis 
numerous and familiar group ; many are small and 
(Garden Snail) has, at one time long since, been in- 
incons[)icuous, but all have pretty forms. 'I'he mouths 
troduced into the country from England, where it is 
or lips of the shells are beautifully varied, many of 
very common. It is confined to the eastern portions 
them resembling the configuration of the ears of ani- 
of New England, and is found as far north as Green- 
mals. 'The Common Helix (H. alternata) is found 
land. It is a beautiful shell, having pleasing colored 
distributed over the entire portion of Eastern North 
stripes encircling it, which are subject to great 
America; the Post Pliocene beds of the Mississippi 
variety. Family Arionidce has only two genera 
Yalley are stored with them. H. albolabris is, per- 
known to North America ; four species are enume- 
haps, the more familiar, and is handsomer in form; 
rated, having the habits of the Helices. 
