824 
PASSIONAL ZOOLOGY. 
a certain method of doing bad work. The form is but the dress 
of the passion, the cast created by it. The claw has been made 
for the Lion and not the Lion for the claw ; and the Lion has been 
armed with claws and formidable teeth only to symbolize an atro- 
cious human type, the sanguinary, exacting, and haughty procon- 
sul, the Verres, the Scipio, the Djezzar-Pacha, and the Ali Tebe- 
len — the Pacha always disposed to revolt against his master, and 
sometimes succeeding in crunching him. Were there no Djezzar- 
Pacha among men, there would be no lion among beasts.^ 
I am pleased to recognize that the classification adopted for 
beasts is less vicious than that of minerals or plants, for this rea- 
son, that the manner of eating or of walking, which has been hab- 
itually taken to differenciate the animal species, nearly always gives 
exact data upon the passions of the beast, and sometimes furnishes 
sufficient means of classification. But I ask to reserve my opinion 
^ Toussenel here gives only one aspect of the matter in question. The 
relation of analogy, of which he speaks, may be true enough ; but we might 
as well say that were there no lion among beasts, there could be no Djez- 
zar-Pacha among men, since both are but exponents in progressive grades 
of beings of the same planetary aroma. 
As the primitive type of organism is the cell or stomach, so the primitive 
type of function is self- appropriation or assimilation. In the earlier pe- 
riods of our planet’s life, her crude and unrefined aromas exhibit this ten- 
dency in the grosser forms of destructive communion, the devouring of 
body by body ; and this is fully exhibited in the paleontological types of 
saurians, megatheria, etc., previous to the advent of man upon the planet : 
since that, a slow and gradual process of refinement from the destructive 
to the affectional forms of communion — from the absorption of body by 
body, to absorption of soul by soul in friendship and in love, has not pre- 
vented the earlier and cruder sanguinary form from exhibiting itself in 
manifold characters of force and fraud — in the Lion and the Djezzar-Pa- 
cha, the fox and the attorney at law, the spider and the shopkeeper. 
“ Of the SoxJL, which maketh all, and which cometh everywhere,” there 
is to be predicated no right and no wrong — no good and no bad — moral 
and temporary discriminations, which apply only in the petty, phenome- 
nal, and ephemeral relations of mortal personalities. Of the Soul, and 
the types assumed by it; mineral, vegetable, animal, or human; sponge- 
oyster, fish, serpent, lion, elephant; Verres, Cicero, Cromwell, Oberlin ; 
progressive manifestation or revelation, is the only criticism which it is de- 
cent for the effect to make upon the cause, the phenomenon upon the es- 
sence, the mortal upon the divine.— T r 
