26 Quadrumana. MAMMALIA. Simiad^. 
rolling at the time ; so admirably can these creatures 
balance themselves.” He would drink tea, coffee, and 
chocolate, but never acquired a taste for wine or 
spirits; he was excessively fond of sweet things, and 
sometimes attempted to lift off the lid of the jar in 
which some cakes were kept; he would eat animal 
food, especially fowl ; and a lizard having been caught 
on board was placed before him, when he instantly 
seized it, and devoured it greedily. This specimen 
exhibited great attachment to his master, and when 
first sold to a European owner, made his escape several 
times, in order to get back to a young Malay who had 
brought him from Sumatra to Singapore, He exhibited 
considerable activity in climbing about the rigging of 
the ship, was greatly irritated when confined or dis- 
appointed in any way, and on passing the Cape, finding 
the temperature too low to allow of his sleeping on the 
maintop, as had previously been his habit, he showed 
an eager desire to be taken into his master’s arms, and 
to he permitted to pass the night in the cabin, for 
which he afterwards evinced such a decided partiality, 
that, on the ship getting again into warmer latitudes, 
he would not resume his old station in the maintop, but 
showed a strong determination to remain where he 
found himself so comfortable. We cannot quote 
farther from the interesting account of Mr. Bennett ; 
but the preceding statements will be sufficient to show 
that the endowments of this animal are far higher than 
we should be led to believe from the statements of M. 
Duvaucel. 
THE AGILE GIBBON {Hylohates Agilis).—T:\\& &g\\Q 
gibbon, which is called Unglca-puti by the Malays 
<Ungha being apparently a generic name for the 
gibbons) is, like the siamang, a native of Sumatra, 
where it was discovered by M. Duvaucel. It is, how- 
ever, far less numerous in the forests of that island than 
the siamangs, and is more frequently met with in pairs 
than in troops. The colours of the agile gibbon are 
more variegated than those of the preceding species ; 
the head and shoulders, the inside of the arms and legs, 
and the whole front of the body being of a deep coffee- 
brown colour ; whilst the occiput, the whole of the back, 
except the shoulders, and the outside of the thighs are 
pale brownish-white. The sides of the face are adorned 
with bushy white whiskers, and a narrow white band 
runs across the forehead above the eyebrows. 
M. Duvaucel contrasts the agility of this gibbon 
with the comparative sluggishness of the siamang as 
described by him ; but it seems probable, from the 
narratives of other observers, that the difference be- 
tween these two species in this respect is far less than 
M. Duvaucel would make it appear. In describing its 
surprising activity, the French naturalist says — “It 
escapes like a bird, and like a bird can only be shot, so 
to speak, flying ; scarcely has it perceived the most 
distant approach of danger when it is already far away. 
Climbing rapidly to the tops of the trees, it there seizes 
the most flexible branch, poises itself two or three times 
to secure its balance and acquire a sufficient impetus, 
and thus clears, time after time, without effort as with- 
out fatigue, spaces of forty feet and upwards.” The 
same writer adds, that although deprived of the 
guttural sac, so conspicuous in the siamang, its cry 
is very nearly the same, so that either this organ does 
not produce the effect of increasing the sound usually 
attributed to it, or it is replaced in the present species 
by some analogous formation. This cry is compared 
to the syllables wou-wou, frequently repeated with 
peculiar modulations. A somewhat similar cry would 
appear to be common to most of the gibbons, and 
several of the species, the present one amongst others, 
receive the name of Wou-wou from the Malays. 
One of these is the Cinereous Gibbon [H. Leuciscus), 
a native of Java and the Molucca Islands, specimens of 
which are occasionally brought to Europe. Of the 
habits of this and the other species in a state of nature, 
scarcely anything is known ; but we may presume that 
they are very similar to those which we have been 
describing. 
The second group of the Simiadse, that of the true 
Monkeys, differs from the apes just described by the 
constant presence of callosities upon the buttocks, and 
by the almost constant presence of cheek-pouches and 
a long tail. The arms are never so disproportionate in 
length as those of the apes ; and yet the general struc- 
ture of the body is much further removed from that of 
man. In their character, also, the monkeys generally 
exhibit a great difference from the apes — they are 
vivacious and petulant in fheir deportment, and usually 
very capricious in their temper; presenting in these 
respects a marked contrast to the grave and somewhat 
melancholy nature of the species previously described. 
It is in the East Indies, in the same region inhabited 
by the orangs and the gibbons, that we find those 
monkeys which are most distinguished from the rest 
of their tribe by ape-like characters ; though even here 
we meet with species of a more animal type, and 
resembling their African brethren; whilst the great 
majority of the latter present a wider divergence from 
the apes, and gradually approach the baboons. 
THE HOONUMAN {Sc7nnopithecus Entellus ). — The 
Indian monkeys above alluded to form the genus Sem- 
nopithecus of F. Cuvier, which is characterized by the 
slender form and long limbs and tail of the species, by 
the want of cheek-pouches, and by the presence of 
thumbs on the fore-hands. The canines of these mon- 
keys are but slightly developed, and the molars have 
their tubercles so arranged as to form transverse ridges 
— a structure which indicates that the animals rather 
feed upon the leaves and tender shoots of plants than 
upon fruits; and this is also shown by the structure 
of the stomach, which is very long and much dilated 
in parts, especially at the anterior end into which the 
oesophagus or gullet opens. These dilated portions 
being separated by constrictions, the stomach acquires 
a complicated appearance, somewhat resembling that 
of the ruminant quadrupeds. It is a remarkable fact 
in connection with this peculiarity of structure, that 
the stomachs of these monkeys often contain hezoars, 
or concretions of a similar nature to those found in 
many Ruminants, and which are so highly prized by 
eastern nations. The monkey bezoars are said to be 
of more value than those obtained from the Ruminants. 
The hoonuman, which is for many reasons one of 
the most interesting species of this group, is a large 
