The Monkeys. MAMMALIA. The Diana Monkey. 31 
and preserved its gentleness even after it had arrived 
at maturity. This speeimen exhibited wonderful ad- 
dress in getting at any object that pleased him ; he 
would open cupboards by turning their keys, or undo 
knots, and had acquired an adroitness in pocket-picking 
that would have done credit to a pupil of Mr. Fagin, 
performing this operation with so much delicacy that 
his hand could not be felt, although the person whose 
pockets were under examination might be perfectly 
aware of what was going on. 
THE DIANA MONKEY ( Cercopithecus Diana) which 
is said to be called the Roloway on the Gold Coast, and 
Exquima in Congo, is a larger and stouter species 
than either of the preceding, but is still distinguished 
amongst the monkeys of this genus by the elegance of 
its form, and the gentleness and playfulness of its char- 
acter. Its general colour is a mixture of black and 
grey, with the face, the hands, and the extremity of 
the tail deep black ; down the back runs a broad band 
of a deep chestnut-red colour; on the forehead there is a 
white band, curved so as to form a very open crescent — 
a character which induced Linnseus to give the species 
the name of the goddess of the chase ; and the whiskers 
and heard are also pure white. The latter appendage 
forms one of the most curious characters of this mon- 
key ; it is very long and pointed, resembling, as Mr. 
Ogilby says, “ the formal cut of the peaked beard which 
we see in some old paintings about the time of Henry 
VIII.;” and the monkey appears to regard it as highly 
ornamental, taking great care to keep it trimmed and 
neat, and holding it in his hand when he is about to 
drink, to prevent it from coming in contact with the 
water. Mr. Ogilby says that the first time he observed 
this strange action, the ludicrous effect of the creature’s 
solicitude about his beard made him laugh outright; 
the monkey, after looking up for a moment as if in 
astonishment at this sudden explosion, appeared all at 
once to discover its cause, and no doubt regarding it as 
a personal insult, flew at the oftender most viciously, 
and was only prevented by the shortness of his chain 
from inflicting a severe and summary punishment upon 
him. 
As a general rule, however, the diana monkey is 
exceedingly good-tempered, and very lively and play- 
ful. A most interesting account of a specimen of 
this species was communicated by Mrs. Bowdich to 
Loudon's Magazine of Natural History, vol. ii. This 
monkey, which had received the name of Jack, 
belonged to the cook of the ship in which Mrs. Bow- 
dich returned from Africa, Teasing was one of his 
principal accomplishments, and he seems to have 
brought the art to a great state of perfection. He 
would pull off the men’s caps and throw them into 
the sea, a habit which is said to be common in 
nautical monkej^s; he would knock over the parrot’s 
cage for the pleasure of drinking the water as it 
trickled along the deck, steal the tea out of the sailors’ 
mugs, or abstract the pieces of biscuit which the men 
had put between the bars of the grate to toast, and carry 
off the carpenter’s tools. But his favourite amusement 
consisted in riding the pigs, in which he was a great 
adept. “Whenever the pigs were let out to take a 
run on deck,” says Mrs. Bowdich, “ he took his station 
behind a cask, whence he leaped on the hack of one of 
his steeds as it passed. Of course the speed was 
increased, and the nails he stuck in to keep himself on 
produced a squeaking; but Jack was never thrown, 
and became so fond of the exercise that he was obliged 
to be shut up whenever the pigs were at liberty.” 
Several smaller monkeys were on board the ship, and 
of these he was very jealous, going so far as actually 
to throw two of them into the sea. On a third he 
exercised his spite in a most ludicrous fashion. The 
sailors had been painting the ship’s side with a streak 
of white, and on going down to dinner left their paint 
and brushes on deck. This excellent opportunity was 
not lost upon Jack ; he called a little black monkey to 
him, and when the poor little beast came and crouched 
at the feet of his superior, the latter seized him by the 
nape of the neck, dipped the brush into the paint, and 
immediately covered his victim with white from head 
to foot. This absurd spectacle caused Mrs. Bowdich 
and the steersman, who had both been watching his 
proceedings, to burst into a laugh, upon which Jack 
dropped the whitened monkey and scampered up into 
the rigging, whilst the unhappy little subject of this 
practical joke began licking himself, and was only pre- 
served from being poisoned by a thorough washing 
with turpentine. During this operation, the author of 
the mischief was peeping down through the bars of the 
maintop, with evident enjoyment of the commotion 
that he had occasioned. Fear of punishment, however, 
kept him aloft for three days, until hunger compelled 
him to come down, when he dropped suddenly into 
Mrs. Bowdicb’s lap, as if to seek for protection. The 
skin of the diana monkey forms a beautiful fur, and is 
frequently used for that purpose. 
THE WHITE-NOSED MONKEYS {Cercopithecus Nic- 
titans and Petaurista), which are also nearly related to 
the mone, and inhabit the same countries, are distin- 
guished by having a large white spot upon the nose. 
The best known of these is the Lesser White-nosed 
monkey {C. Petaurista), which is one of the quietest 
and most playful species of the group ; and from its 
familiarity and amusing habits is always a great 
favourite with the visitors to our menageries. 
THE CALLITHEIX {Cercopithecus Sabceus), so called 
because Buftbn supposed it to be identical with the 
Callithrix of the ancients, belongs to a section of the 
genus in which the form is more robust, and the cha- 
racter generally far less amiable, than in the preceding 
species. It is also called the Green monkejq and the 
Cape de Verd monkey, the latter name indicating one 
of its dwelling-places ; it also occurs in Senegal. It is 
a handsome species, about the size of a large cat ; the 
fur of the back and sides is of an olive-green colour, 
mixed with brown, that of the belly is yellow, and the 
whiskers are yellowish. It is very hardy, and is con- 
sequently common in menageries, where its restless 
playfulness renders it attractive ; but its temper becomes 
uncertain as it grows older, and the adult males are 
often very spiteful. 
THE GKIVET {Cercopithecus Griseus) is a nearly- 
allied, but smaller species, which is also frequently 
imported into Europe. It is a native of Nubia and of 
several provinces of Abyssinia, where it is a favourite 
