[j Read before the Texas Academy of Science , June 15 , 1S97 .] 
TEXAS PERMIAN. 
BY W. F. CUMMINS. 
Since writing my paper for the Fourth Annual Report of the Texas 
State Geological Survey, I have had an opportunity of continuing my 
examination in the Permian area in Texas, and to do quite an amount 
of stratigraphic work which had not heretofore been attempted, and 
which was absolute^ necessary to he done before a proper knowledge 
could he had of the relationship of the different divisions and beds to 
each other. In this paper I will attempt to give only a brief resume of 
my recent work done on the Wichita division of the series. A more 
complete -report has been prepared for publication in the Fifth Annual 
Report of the State Geological Survey. 
In previous discussions of the Permian formation in Texas,* I have 
separated the strata into three divisions, naming them Wichita, Clear 
Fork and Double Mountain, the Wichita being the lowest in the series. 
In my description of the Coal Measures in Texas, I separated the 
strata into five divisions, giving to the upper division the name of Al- 
bany and the one immediately below that the name of Cisco. These 
divisions, in both the Permian and Coal Measures, were made more or 
less arbitrarily, and were so divided for facility in giving particular 
descriptions of the different beds. It was understood at the time these 
divisions were made that they were provisional, and subject to revision 
when their true relationship to each other might he determined. 
The Wichita division was described as extending southward as far as 
the Salt Fork of the Brazos river. It is represented as resting on the 
top of the Cisco division of the Coal Measures, along its entire eastern 
border, and as being overlaid by the Clear Fork division along its entire 
western border. 
The Albany division of the Coal Measures was described as beginning 
on the north at the Salt Fork of the Brazos river and extending south- 
ward to the southern limits of the Coal Measures in the State, resting 
* See Annual Reports Geological Survey of Texas, 1889 to 1892. 
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