GLOSSOLOGY OF THE MAMMAI.IA. 
Ill 
(429.) IlAriii.E.s.s, Lai. Dcpilis, Fr. Nile, Germ. Ilaarlos, — when it is 
destitute of Imir ; ns upon nil callosities ; on most part of the face in Man 
and some Apes ; on the Chiloma (157) of most Ruminants; and on the 
snout of all Carnassiers and Rodentia. 
(430.) Till! Fuu, Lai. Vellus, Fr. La fourrure, Germ. Pelz, — consists 
of the hairs of the entire bodj' or a part, considered together. 
(431.) The Fei.t, Lat Pcllis, Fr. Le feutro, Germ. Pell, — is the 
hairy skin and fur, considered together. 
(432.) Tun Woolly Fun, Lnt. Codarinm, Germ. Wollpelz consists 
of the finer and softer hairs of the fur, amongst which the longer hairs 
are usually intermixed. 
(433.) T HE Wool, Lai. Lana, Fr. La laine, Germ. Wolle, — consists of 
long, fine, frizzled, and curly hair, as in the Sheep. 
(434.) The Hair oe the Head, Lat. Capilli, Crines, Coma, Fr. Les 
Cheveux, Germ. Haiipthaare, — arc the long hairs proceeding from the 
skin of the skull. 
(435.) The Crest, Lai. Caprona, Antim, Crista, Fr. L’aigrette, Germ. 
Stirnschopf, — consists of long hairs, proceeding upwards .and backwards 
from the top of the head, and it may either be Sletlated (455) or Vorti- 
ciliated (450). 
(430.) The Reard, Lat. Barba, aruncus, Fr. La barhe. Germ. Bart, 
— consists of long hairs hanging from the chin, as in the Goat and Bison. 
(437.) The Whisker, Lat. Mysta.x, barba malaris, Fr. La moustache. 
Germ. Bakkenliart, — is the long hair covering the under-cheek (70). 
(438.) The Moostachio, Lat. Mastax, Fr. La moustache. Gem. 
Knehclbart is the heard of the upper lip. It is very long in the noc- 
turnal or aquatic Carnassiers, as the Cats and Seals. It can scarce!/ 
bo observed in the Kangaroos and Rutninantia, and is wholly wanting in 
the Whales and Dolphins, 
(439.) The Stiep Hairs, Lai. Vibrissas, Fr. Les faisceaux de poils. 
Germ. Schnurrhaare, — are long elongated bristles of great strength upon 
the nose, and some other parts of the face, and sometimes also upon the 
inner sides of the fore-limbs. Those gig.antic moustachios serve as wea- 
pons of defence to the Manatus. 
(440.) The F.ve-brows, Lat. Supercilia, Fr. Les sourcils. Germ. 
Augenbraune, — are transverse series of hairs placed at the lower part of 
the forehead and above the eyes. 
(441.) The Eye-lashes, Lat. Cilia, Fr. Les cils. Germ. Wimpern 
are long hairs proceeding from the eyelids. 
(442.) The Mane, Lat. .luba, Fr. La criniere. Germ. Miihne, — con- 
sists of long hairs adorning the ridge of the back, sometimes extending 
from the occiput to the end of the tail, as in the Civet and Zibet; some- 
times it extends no lower than the .shoulders, where it becomes mixed 
with the long hairs of the withers, as in the Lion ; and sometimes its hairs 
have their [loints turned towaids the head, as in the Antchipe leucoryx. 
(443.) The Tail-tuet, Lnt. Floccus, Fr. Le Flocon, Germ. Quaste, 
— consists of long loose hair covering the extremity of the tail, as in the 
Lion, the Ass, and some Apes. 
(444.) The Hair-bunch, iaf. Scopa.iA-. La brosse, Grtv-m Haarbiischel, 
— is a bunch of long and loose hair hanging from the wrist (51), as in 
some Antelopes, or from any other part of the body. 
(445.) The Pencil, Lat. Penicillus, Fr. Le pinceau, Garni. Pinsel, — 
is a very small bundle of rigid hair placed on the top of any part. 
(446.) A Lock, Lat. Cincinnus, Fr. Une toufle. Germ. Lokke, — is 
each small bundle of hair involved at its apex. 
(447.) The Pures, Lai. Pubes, Fr. Le pubis. Germ. Schaamhaar, — 
>s the hairs placed upon the groin. 
(448.) The Down or Milk Hair, Lat. Lanugo, Fr. Le duvet. Germ. 
Milch-haar, — is the soft and fine hair of young animals, not yet changed, 
and frequently variegated with ditterent colours. 
(449.) The IIatr-sea.m or Suture, Lat, Sutiira, Germ. Haarnaht, — 
ts the line formed by the points of the hairs of the fur converging to- 
gether. 
The Hairs are said to be 
(450.) Smooth, Lai. Pill incumbentes, Fr. Les poils couches ou lisses, 
Gunn. Anliegende hnare, — when they are pressed close to the skin along 
their entire longUi ; 
(451.) Erect, Lat. Erect!, Fr. Droits, Germ. Aufrcchte, — when they 
are placed almost vertically upon the .skin; 
(452.) Knotted, Lat. Tomentosi, Fr. Noueux, Germ. Filzige, — when 
they are entangled together and interwoven, so that they can be extricated 
with difricnlty ; 
(453.) Silky, Lat. Sericei, Fr. La hourre. Germ. Soidenliaare, — when 
are soft, short, and shining, as in the Maids ; 
(454.) Villous, Lat. Villosi, Germ. Zottige, — when they are long, thin, 
and straight ; 
(455.) Stellated, Lat. Stella, Germ. Haarstorn — when the hair pro- 
ceeds from a centre like the radii of a circle, as on the head of tlie Hair- 
*PPcd Macaco (_Macacits cynomolgus) ; 
(456.) VoRTiciLLATED, Lat. Vortex, Germ. Haarwirbel, — when the 
hairs run from the circumference to tlie centre in bent radii, as on the 
head of the Cliinese-capped Macaco {M. Sinicus) ; 
(457.) Distichous, Lat. Varicula, Germ. Scheitelung, when the 
liair of tlie fur is arranged in two series, diverging in opposite directions ; 
(458.) F1.STUL0US, Fr. Fistnleux, Germ. Fistelartig, — wlien it is 
shaped like a reed or quill, as in the liairs beneath tlie body of the Por- 
cupine. 
XIX.—THE HORNS. 
(459.) The Horns, Lai. Cornua, Fr. Les comes, Germ. Florner, 
are liard processes, composed citlier of horn or bone. These may pro- 
ceed eitlicr from the nose, when they are said to he nasal, or from the 
forehead, when they are termed frontal. According to the substance of 
wliicli they arc composed and their form, they may be either osseous or 
corncoHS, solid or hollow. 
(460.) The Proper Horns, Lat. Cornua vaginantia, Fr. Los comes 
creuses. Germ. Scheidenliorner, — are hollow bodies or sheaths covering 
osseous processes of the frontal or nasal bones, found in several Rumi- 
nants, such as the Bulls, Goats, Sheep, and Antelopes. 
(461.) The Horn-Base or Core, Lat. Embolus, G'c/'vi. Hornzapfen, 
is the hon)' process of the frontal or nasal hone, covered by a proper horn. 
(462.) The Antlers, Lat. Ceras, cornu. Fr. Les hois. Gem. Ge- 
weihe, — consist of two solid, frontal, and corneous horns, which fall and 
are renewed every year, as in the Deer. I'liey are called the Attire by 
hunters, and are said to be 
(463.) Branching, Lai. Cerata ramosa, Fr. Les hois branchus. Germ. 
Astige Geweihe, — when they emit branches. 
(464.) The Beam or Main-Stem, La/. Caulis, JV. Merrain, Gera. Stange, 
— is the principal trunk of a branching antler. 
(465.) The Burr, Lai. Stephanium, Fr. Le Noyau, Germ. Krone, 
— is a granulated prominence at the base of the beam, and covering the 
horn-base (461). 
(466.) The Branches or .Snags, Lat. Rand, Fr. Les andouillers. 
Germ. Zinken, Enden, — are the processes of the beam. 
(467.) The Brow Antler, Lat. Propugnaciilum, Amynter, Ga-m. 
Angensprosse, — is the foremost and lowest branch of a beam. 
'I'liE Antlers may be 
(468 ) Palmated, Lat. Cerata palmata. Germ. Schaufelfonnige Ge- 
wtihe — when the branching antlers are dilated at their extremity like a 
shovel ; 
(469.) Deciduous or Annual, Lat. Decidua, annua, Fr. Caducs, 
Genu. Wechselnde, Abfallende, — when they fiill and arc renewed every 
year. 
The Horns and Antlers may be 
(470 .) Pendant, Lat. Prona, Garni. Vorgelcgto, — when tlicy hang 
dowinvards above the muzzle ; 
(471 .) Reflected, Lat. Reclinata, Fr. Reconrbees, Germ. Riikkge- 
legte. — when tliey are turned liackwards, as in the Capra Mamhrica ; 
(472.) I.S'cuRVATED, Lat. Camura, Fr. Courbes en dedans, Gera. Ein- 
gebogno, — when they are bent inwards ; 
(473.) Divergent, Lat. Vara, Fr. Divergens, Germ. Auswiirts- 
gebogne, — wlieii they are bent outwards, as in the Cervns JJama ; 
(474.) Reduncate, Lat. Redunca, Fr. Courbes en avant, Germ. 
Hakige, — when they are curved forwards, as in the Aniilope Trago- 
campns ; 
(475.) Lyeate, Lat. Lyrata, Fr. En lyre ou lyroidos, Germ. Leicr- 
formige, — when they are so bent as to exliibit tlie form of an ancient lyre, 
when viewed behind, before, or on the side ; 
(476.) Round, Lat. Terctia, Fr. Arrondies, — as in the Stags ; 
(477.) Annulate!), Lat. Annulata, Fr. Annelees, — covered with rings, 
as in tile Gazelles. 
(478.) Bifid, Fr. Bifourqufis,— divided into two prongs at the point, 
as in the Roebuck ; 
(479 .) Trifid, Fr. Trifoiirques, — divided into three prongs, as in the 
Cervus pygargus ; 
(480.) Uncinate, Fr. Recourbes d leur extremite, — bent at the points ; 
(481.) Spiral, Fr. En spirale, — as in the Ovis slcrpsiceros ; 
(482.) Triangular — as in the Capra depressa ; 
(483.) Carinated, Fr. Garnies dc petites cannelures, — with furrows, 
as in the Capra JBgagrus ; 
(484.) Knotted, Fr. Moniliforme,— as in the Capra Ibex. 
(485.) The Pannicle, Lat. Pannicula, Germ. Bast, — is the rough 
skin covering deciduous horns when they have just begun to appear. 
(486.) The Pricket or Dag, Lnt. Pattalus, Fr. Dague, Germ. Spiess, 
— is the simple antler of a young animal, before it begins to have branches. 
(487.) A Spitter, IjuI. Subulo, Fr. Daguet, Germ. Spiossern, — is a 
young animal, having only prickets or dags upon its forehead. 
