VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 
143 
The Saltatras 
The Coyote . 
The Giveros . 
The Cambujo 
^A + 11'L±JL)=jw + |a + ^b 
i { ® t--+ — B + .; A + I W 
— f— )=i ® + 1 i ^ 
T lie combinations of tlie fourth order, which have been distinguished 
by particular names, are the following : 
The Ql'Inthuoov descends from tlie White race and the Quadroon. 
The PucnuEi.AS is the progeny of the White and tlie Octavoon. 
The Hakmzos comes from the White niiil (pe Coyote. 
The Ai.b.aiias.sai)OS is the descendant of the Mulatto and the Cambujo. 
Proceeding, in the same manner as before, to calculate the purity of 
descent, we find 
The Quintcroon . J / \V 4- ^ W B \ r 5 , g 
■ \ ‘ 8 ) — IS ‘10 
The Puchuclas . A ^ W + W + -1.' A 
The Harni 20 s . A ( W + *Z4L|AdlJ.^=L| W + ^ A -1, B 
The Albarassados A ^ 
= tV ® + "fs ^ 
The only combination of the fifth order which we shall notice is 
The Bakzinos, proceeding from the White and Albarassados, giving 
lor its forniula 
i(w + 
7B4.6W4, 3 A 
16 
)= H 
+ A 
The remaining sob-varieties are not noticed by writers, as they present 
nothing remarkable. The combinations may proceed absolutely without 
limit, each ineserving more or less tlie original character of its race, in 
proportion to its affinity with the several primitive stocks. It will be re- 
marked that the preceding terms are mostly derived from the Spanish and 
Portuguese languages, because the several castes were first observed in 
the colonics of those nations. 
The individuals resulting from alliances between remote races are in 
general vigorous and robust, and fully confirm the observations made by 
Bufton and others, that the crossing of races tends to perfect the indi- 
vidual. It is a singular fact, that the form of tlie lieud in the offspring 
Is always more like that of the father than of ihe mother, and it is not tm- 
'vorthy of nolice, that the same observation holds good in reference to 
iiules, or the sterile progeny of difteient species. 
To prevent the deterioration of tlie individual in the human race, it is 
unnecessary to resort to remote alliances between foreign races. A Euro- 
pean, giarricd to another of a foreign country or of a diflerent family, may 
produce iiidividurds as well-formed as those resulting from the union ofa 
European and Negro. In conserjuence of the intercourse of families, 
fhe national cliaractcrs of the primitive races are daily becoming more and 
Uiore obliterated. Tire migralioiH of nations from the north to the south, 
the revolutions of empires, conquest and colonization, have further tended 
to Idend the human species together. Tims, the Turkish and Persian 
Wood becomes improved by their alliances with the Mingrelians, Circas- 
‘^'ans, and other Proper Caucasians. In the East Indies, the intercourse 
of the Europeans witii the Hindoos has given rise to a sub-variety of the 
^kite races, culled llalf-castc or Metis. These are as troublesome in the 
East as the Mulaitoes in the West Indies, and their consanguinity to the 
pure European is distinguished by several gradations. 
The Castisse, the progeny of a W'bite and a Half-caste Hindoo, is 
Brerefore tbree-fourtbs European and one-fourth Hindoo. 
Tile PosTissE, the descendant of the European and Castisse, is seven- 
®‘Skth parts European and one-eightl: Hindoo. 
In proportion as these combinations are multiplied, all the great dis. 
‘inctive characters of the races become gradually effaced, and blended into 
®nch other, so that no definite characteristic remains. 
The Tereeroons and Quadroons, the progeny of the Mulatto and 
*6 White, are more or less of dark complexions. The females have 
*6>r mucous membranes of a violet tinge ; the Quadroons preserve 
‘e dark scrotum of the Negro. It is remarkable that the black tinge 
'•'nintains itsell' longer in the nutritive and generative organs than in any 
“Bier parts of the body. 
El the preceding observations we have taken no notice of the Creole, 
‘s Variety being entirely the result of climate. When a European mar- 
Jies another European, and settles between the tropics, his oftspring is 
■■nied Creole, and the same name is applied to the offspring of Negro 
parents, born in tlie East or West Indies. In fact, this word, derived from 
creure, to generate, is applied indiscriminately to all persons born in the 
Indies, and even to the lower animals. It is, however, most commonly 
limited to tlie progeny of Euiojieans. 
In the constitution of the Creole, we may trace the influence ofa warm 
climate upon the human frame. He i.s in general well-made, of good 
.■• tatnre, rather of meagre limbs, but of delicate frame. His passions are 
violent, naturally haughty, imperious, and accustomed to exercise a des- 
potic rule over a host of slaves. 
Tile female Creoles of tlie tropical regions of the globe arc very liable 
10 abortion, and yirdd little milk, for which reasons, tlieir offspring is 
usually nursed by Negress slaves. 
The Anglo-Americans and other inhahitants of the temperate parts of 
North America do not materially diff'T in constitution from other Euro- 
peans. 
FICTITIOUS llACES. 
Inaccurate observation and the love of the marvellous have given rise to 
imaginary races, which on further examination have proved to arise from 
individual nialforniution, disease, or the mistakes of early navigators. 
The Aliiiso, called Blafard on the continent of Europe; Bcrlas, Chacre- 
las, or Kukcrlaks, in liuliu; White-Negro or Dandos, in Africa; Darien 
in America, is an individual malformation or degeneration in the colour- 
ing matter of the skin and hair, usually dying with the individual, but 
sometimes liccomes liereditary, and is transmitted to their offspring. It 
presents tlie same characters in whatever race it a|ipears, and is found 
likewise among the lowei animals. (See before, pages 74 and 75.) 
The liuman Albinos are of a feeble constitution, the skin of a dull white, 
the eyes weak with the iris red, and the hair ofa pale yellow. They are 
most commonly found, or .at least are most remarked, among the races of 
dark complexions. At Java, they are reported to form a wandering and 
proscribed race, roaming in the woods under the name of Cliaerelas. La- 
billardiere observed an Albino female of Malay descent upon one of the 
Friendly Islands. The Albinos of Ceylon, culled T/ei/ar or Bedos, appear 
to belong to the Hindoo race. They are also found among the Papoos; 
and have been seen, but very seldom, among the Hyperboreans. A 
White Negress from Madagascar was observed by M. Bory de St Vin- 
cent ; slie bad two children, the one by a White, the other by a Negro. 
Each of these children presented intermediate characters between its 
parents, having the usual traits of the father combined with the Albino 
features and white hair of the mother. Albino.s are reported to be com- 
mon in the woods of the Isle of France. They are also common on the 
continent of Africa. In America, the most remarkable are the Dariens, 
who reside in the isthmus connecting the northern and southern portions 
of tliat continent. 
The CaETtNS, who are found in the mountain gorges of tlie Valois, 
have been improperly raised to the rank of a variety of tlie human race. 
They are usually touiid among the Jajictic or Celtic races. Imbecile in 
mind, with a goitre disfiguring tlie anterior part of the neck, wiiere the 
glands are materially altered, a yellowish skin, languishing manner, and ex- 
treme bodily weakness, these degenerate individuals drag on a wretched 
existence in some moumaiiious regions, sncli as tlie Pyrenees, the Alps, 
Styria, and the Carpathian chaiii. Sometimes they are horn from well- 
formed parents, and sometimes they compose small families, generally 
hidden in tlie obscure recesses of tlie valleys. In most places they are 
looked upon with disgust ; a healthy mountaineer would disdain to con- 
tract a matrimmiial alliance with one of these unfortunate individuals; 
hut in tile Valois they are regarded with a superstitions veneration. It 
is said that Cretin.s are found in the Uralian mountain.s, the Himalayan,, 
and the Andes. They have also been remarked in the heights of Su- 
matra. 
It is almost unnecessary to repeat here the numerous fables with which 
credulous travellers have crowded their narratives. The Quimos, of the 
mountains of Madagascar, were represented as a variety, only three feet 
and a half in height, with long arms, the form of an Ape, a white and 
shrivelled skin, defending themselves with great courage, &c. &c. The 
Men viith tails, who have been found in the Indian Ocean, and especially 
in the Islaiul of Formosa, have dwdndled down into ordinary apes before 
metre accurate observations. A race of Malay women is described by 
Struys, with beaids as long as their liushands’. The diminutive Africans, 
also, who live on Grasshoppers, as mentioned bv Drake, until the age of 
forty, and in tlicir turn are devoured by worms, must be placed in tlic same 
list. We no longer discover the Pygmies and Troglodytes of antiquity, who 
fought with the Cranes. One of the fathers of the Church gravely repeats 
a conversation wbicb be had with a CVntaurin Aifica, where lie saw men 
without a head, and one eye in the middle of the breast. Raleigh found 
the same kind of Cyclops in South America, wdiere also the Amazons of 
the ancients liuve been resuseitated. Races have been men ioned with 
a single leg and thigh supporting their bodies like a column. Tritons 
or Sea-men, and Mer-maids or Sea-women, have likewise been taken 
in Holland, and taught to sew with great precision. It is humorous 
