VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 
145 
2. Caucasienne. 
C 1. Arabe. 
3. Semitique 2. Etrusco-Pelasge 
^ 3. Celtique. 
4. Atlantique. 
5. Indoue. 
r 1. Indo-Sinique. 
6. Mongoliqvie -^2. Mongole. 
3, Hyperborbenne , 
7. Kourillenne. 
8. Ethiopierine- 
9. Euro-Africaine. 
10. Austro- Africaine. 
{ 1. Hottentote. 
2. Houzouanas ou Boscbismane. 
11. Malaise ou Oceanique, with 5 subdivisions. 
12. Papoue. 
13. Negre Oceanicnno, witli 4 subdivisions. 
14. Australasienne. 
1.'). Colouibienne, with 2 subdivisions. 
16. Americaitie, with 5 subdivi.sions. 
In this classification the analogies of language are singularly violated 
in many instances, and subdivisions carried to a greater extent than the 
actual state of our knowledge seems to warrant. 
Another writer on this subject is M. Lesson, who, in his Manuel de 
Mammalogie (A.D. 1827), has proposed the following arrangement : 
1°. Race Blanche ou Caucasienne. 
1. Aramcen. 
2. Indien, Germain, et Pelasgique. 
3. Scythe et Tartare. 
1 . Malais. 
2. Oceanien. 
2*. Race Jaune ou Mongolienne. 
1 . Mantchoux. 
2. Sinique. 
3. Hyporboreen ou Eskimau. 
4. Amgricain. 
5. Mongol- Pelagien ou Carolin. 
3°. Race Noire ou Melanienne. 
1. Ethiopien. 
2. Cafro. 
3. Hottentot. 
4. Papon. 
5. Tasmanien. 
6. Alfourous-Endamene. 
7. Alfourous-Aiistralien. 
Here M. Lesson has attempted to reduce all the races of Mankind 
lo three principal divisions, chiefly characterized by colour. The Malaj’s, 
though of a yellowish copper-colour, are placed among the White races. 
The Americans, though copper- coloured, are referred to the Yellow races; 
'tnd the Hottentots, though brown, or yellowish-brown, are placed among 
^he Black. Colour, we have always conceived, is one of the worst char- 
acteristics of races, and any classification which does not admit the dis- 
tinction between the Normal .and Anomalous races — which does not as- 
sume the analogies and affinities of language as the guide in the minor 
subdivisions of races— or which looks to mere varieties of colour, without 
attending to those of form as well as of intellectual character, is liable to 
'usurmountable objections. 
The latest writer whose observations have yet reached us is M. .T. B. 
Fischer. His arrangement (A.D. 1829), though in many respects an im- 
provement on those of bis predecessors, is still faulty. Besides several 
ui’nor defects, such as wholly omitting to distinguish the Tartar, Finnish, 
uud Ottoman r.ices, he places the South American Indian and the South 
^sa Islander in the same rank with the Caucasian, the Mongolian, and 
'■''e Ethiopian. We shall, however, by exhibiting his arrangement, en- 
able our readers to form their own conclusions respecting its merits. 
1. Homo Japeticus. 
a. a. Caucasiens (Orientalis). 
b. Pelagins (Meridionalis). 
c. Celticus (Occidentalis). 
d. Germanicus (Borealis). 
e. Slavonicus (Intermedins). 
13. Arabicus, 
a. Atlanticus (Occidentalis). 
b. Adamicus (Orientalis). 
y. Indicus. 
2. H. Neptunianus. 
3. Occidentalis. 
y. Papuensis. 
3. H. Scythicus. 
/3. Sinicus. 
y. Hyperboreus. 
4. H. Americanus. 
Patagonus. 
5. H. Colurabicus. 
6. H. ./Ethiopicus. 
i3. Cafler. 
y. Melanoides. 
S. Hottentottu's. 
7. H. Polynesius. 
The classification of the hum.an races is a subject which has long been 
totally neglected in our own country. All the systems which we have ex- 
plained emanate either from France or Germany ; while in this island, Man 
is either wholly omitted in our works on Natural History, as though 
he were something foreign to the Animal Kingdom, or the views promul- 
gated date as far back as the writings of Blumenbach ; so that, in our 
most modern systematic treatises,' we still find the human race divided 
into five varieties. Our own arrangement, which we subjoin to facilitate 
a comparison with those of preceding writers, is, we believe, the first 
yet presented to the British reader. It is hoped that the English 
terms by which we have designated some continental divisions, may 
not be supposed identical with the common geographical names. Many 
races of North American Indians are found to the southward of the Isth- 
mus of Darien ; the Finns are not confined to Finniand, nor are the 
Arabians to be found only in Arabia. We have retained the Hottentots 
and Bushmen among the Negro races provisionally only, as it is very 
questionable whether they should not be transferred to the Anomalous 
Races, where they might be placed between the Papoos and Hyper- 
boreans. 
NORMAL RACES. 
I. Caucasians. 
A. H. Caucasicus. — Caucasians Proper 
B. H. lapeticus. — lapetans. 
1. Pelagins — Pelasgians. 
2. Germanicus. — Germans. 
». Teutonicus. — Teutonic Races. 
j3. Slavonicus. — Sclavoni,an Races. 
3. Indo-Persicus Indo-Persians. 
«. Indicus. — Hindoo Races. 
/3. Persicus Medo-Persian Races. 
C. H. Celticus Celts. 
D. H. Semiticus. — Arameans. 
1. Arabicus Arabians. 
2. Atlanticus. — Atlantic Races. 
E. H. Scythicus. — Scythians. 
1. Othmanicus. — Ottoman Turks. 
2. Finnicus Finns. 
3. Tartaricus Tartars. 
II. Mongolians. 
A. H. Calmuccus Calmucks and Mongolians Proper. 
B. H. Sinicus Chinese. 
C. H. Sericus. — Mantchoos 
D. H. Ktirilianus Ainoos. 
III. Negroes. 
A. H. jEthiopiens — Ethiopians. 
, B. H. Caftrarius Caffres. 
C. H. Capensis Hottentots and Bushmen. 
ANOMALOUS RACES. 
A. H. Malayensis — Malays. 
B. H. Polynesius. — Polynesians. 
C. H. Australasicus — Australasians. 
1. Australius Australians. 
2. Melaninus. — Oceanic Negroes. 
D. H. Papuensis Papoos and Tasmanians. 
E. H. Hyperboreus Hyperboreans. 
F. H. Americanus.— American Indians. 
1. Borealis North American Indians. 
2. Australis South American Indians 
' Such »s that of Major Hamilton Smith, in Griffith’s Anim. King. vol. 5. Some Naturalists commence their systems with the Simiada or Monkeys, which are thus 
*”346 to stanJ at the head of the Mammiferous Animals, as well as of the entire Animal Creation. 
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