GENUS MACACUS, 
161 
9. SEMNOPITHECUS LEUCOPRYMNUS OTTO’S SOLEMN- 
APE. 
Syn. Le Semnopithe(H7e aux fesses blanches. — Isid. GeoflP. in Belang. Voy. 
Cebcopitueccs LATiBABBATCS Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. Desra. 
Mam. 
Jeon. Cercopithecus (?) leccopiiymnds Otto in Nov. Act. Acad. Cur. XII. 
pi. 46 bis. — pi. 47 (skull and stomach). 
Pubple-Faced Monkey Penn. Quadr. pi. 43, fig. 2. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair blackish .above j dark brown beneath ; top of the head and 
neck brown ; throat, under part of the neck, and hinder parts of the 
cheeks, ytdiowisli-grey ; a triangular whitish patch behind ; tail whitish. 
Inhabits Ceylon. 
The animals belonging to this species are said by Pennant to be very 
harmless, feeding on leaves, or buds of trees, and soon becoming tame. 
We are indebted to Dr Otto for an excellent figure, accompanied by a 
most minute description of the anatomical structure, and especially of the 
remarkable peculiarities of the stomach, which have already been noticed 
in our general observations upon the Genus Semnopithecus. 
The length of the animal is about one foot, eight inches, and of the tail 
about a foot and a half ; the forehead is broad, and the snout projects but 
slightly, tlie facial angle being rather more than 60°. The fingers and toes 
are remarkably slender, and the abdomen appears of very small dimensions. 
The upper part of the head and neck is of a deep brown ; the body and 
limbs black ; the internal surface of the limbs and the under part of the 
body passing to a blackisli brown ; the throat, under part of the neck, 
."ind hinder part of the cheeks, are covered with long hair of a yellowish- 
grey ; the bail is whitish in the adult. A large triangular patch of grey- 
ish-white, commencing on the medial line of the back, about four inches 
above the origin of the tail, covers the entire of the buttocks, and the 
Upper part of the thighs. 
A young specimen, brought from Ceylon by M. Leschenault de la 
Tour, has lately been added to the Paris Museum. 
10. SEMNOPITHECUS VELLEROSUS.— LONG-HAIRED 
SOLEMN-APE. 
St / n . Le Semnopituewe a eourrure Isid. Geoff, in Belang. Voy. 
Icon. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair of tlie body black, and very long on the back and sides j 
throat, side of the head, and tail, yellowish-white; a large grey spot on 
the buttocks, and on eacli side near the origin of the tail ; the tail whitish. 
Inhabits 
This species, described by Isidore Geoffroy, is of the same size as the 
Cochin-China Solemii-Apo (1), but very nearly allied both in form and 
colour to Otto’s Solcmn-Apc (9). The hair of the limbs and tail is rather 
short, that of the head is sliglitly longer, but on the upper part of the 
body and on the sides it attains the unusual length of five, six, and seven 
mches. All tlicse hairs are smootli, recumbent, and directed backwards; 
tbose beneath the body, on the contrary, are slightly frizzled, and disposed 
Very irregularly. 
The body, limbs, and iipiier part of the head, are of a brilliant black. 
The throat and lower part of the neck, on the contr.iry, are covered with 
'lair ofa dirty white ; but on each side, on the hinder and internal part 
uf the thigh and on the buttocks, we find a large spot of clear grey, pass- 
”'g to a yellow, round the callosities. The hairs composing this spot 
sre mostly of a greyish-wliitc, but a great many black hairs arc interspers- 
ctl. The tail is entirely white. 
The above description was obtained from a skin, purchased by Dolalande 
m the Brazils, where it had in all probability been transported from the 
■■ast Indian Archipelago. Its mutilated state did not permit the colours 
of the face, hands, fore-arms, and lower part of tlie legs, to be accurately 
'Icscribod. 
•1. SEMNOPITHECUS AURATU&— GOLDEN SOLEMN-APE. 
^yn. Cercopithecus auraTus — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX Desm. Mara. 
SiMiA aurata Fiscli. Syii. Mam. 
^con. Semnopithecus Pyrrhus Horsf. Zool. Jav. 
SPECIFIC characters. 
The Hair of a uniform golden-yellow above, paler beneath. 
Inhabii's .lava and the Molucca Islands. 
This animal, called Lutnng by the Javanese, agrees with the Negro 
olemn.A|)e (5) in all respects excepting colour. The tint extending 
over the upper parts of the animal, and over the exterior of the limbs, is 
essentially different from the fulvous tint in the young of the S. Maurus 
before the change of colour to black takes place. The hair is long, soft, 
and silky ; reddish-brown, with a beautiful golden gloss on the back, head, 
tail, and extremities, varying slightly in its degree of intensity as it ap- 
proaches the sides and forehead ; benea'h and along the interior of the 
extremities it is pale yellowish, with a golden lustre. The long, shaggy 
and thickly disposed hair, which covers the upper parts, is separated by 
a regular boundary stretching along the hypochondriac region, from the 
hair on the abdomen, wliicll is very thickly disposed, curled, silky, and 
of a very delicate texture. 
The specimen described by Geoffroy-St.-Hilaire under the name of 
Cercopithecus auralm, appears to have over tlie knee-pan a black spot, 
wliicll is wanting in the Javanese specimen illustrated by Dr Horsfield. 
imaginary species. 
1. S. Edwardsii (Fisch. Syn. Mam.), derived from the Middle-sized 
Black Monkey, figured in Edwards’ Gleanings, pi. 311, is probably iden- 
tical with S. Maurus. 
2. S. FULvo-GRisEus (Desmouliii, in Diet. Class. d’Hist. Nat.) is 
founded, according to Isid. Geoffroy, upon two specimens, one of whicli 
is a young S. leucoprymuus. and the other probably a S. comatus. 
GENUS VIII. MACACUS.— MACACOS. 
Syn. Les Macaques et Les Magots Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. 94, 96. 
Macacos — Lacepede. — Desm. Mam. — Isid. Geoff, in Belang. Voy. 
Cercocebus (in part), Inuus, Papio (in part) Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. 
SiMlA (in part) Linn. Gmcl. — Fisch. Syn. Mam. 
Guenon (in part) — Temm. Mon. Mam. 
generic characters. 
The Muzzle largo and rather elongated. The Facial Angle about 
40°. The Nose but slightly projecting. 
The Limbs robust, of medium length. The Bony rather short and 
thick. 
The Anterior Thumbs short. The Nails of the thumbs flat, the 
remainder cylindrical. 
The Tail, varying in length, sometimes replaced by a simple tubercle. 
The Cheek-poociies and Callosities always present. 
The Hair generally abundant on the fore part of the body. 
The Last Molar of the upper jaw, with five, and of the lower jaw, 
with six tubercles. 
Inhabit the East Indies, North of Africa, and the Rock of Gibral- 
tar. 
The Macacos' resemble the Solemn- Apes in having additional tu- 
bercles to their last molars, and the Guenons in their callosities and 
cheek-pouches. Their limbs are thicker and shorter than those of the 
first, their muzzle more prominent, and the superciliary ridges more 
elevated than in either. Thougii tolerably docile in early youth, 
they become intractable with ago. They all have a sac which com- 
municates with the larynx under the thyroid cartilage, and is filled 
with air when they cry. The tail hangs down, and takes no part in 
their movements. They produce at an early age, but are not com- 
pletely adult until the ages of four or five years. The period of 
their gestation lasts about seven months, and the females often have, 
during the rutting season, “ des enormes gonflemens aux parties 
posterieures.”* * Tlie greater part of these animals are peculiar to 
the East Indies. 
This group has been instituted to contain sucli Apes as have their 
characters intermediate to those of the genera Cercopithecus and Cy- 
noceplialus. It is by no means a well defined or rigorous division, but 
blends insensibly into the characters of these adjacent groups. The facial 
angle in some species becomes as low as 30°, in others above 40°. The 
muzzle is sliorter than that of the Cynocepliali, and longer than that of 
the Cercopitheci, yet the differences, which are considerable with some 
species, become nearly evanescent in others. In respect to habits and 
disposition, they are intimately connected witli both genera, some of the 
species being nearly as fierce, destructive, intractable, and lascivious as 
the Baboons, while others, again, have the volatility and caprice of the 
Guenons. 
The characters of their dentition do not differ materially from those of 
the Guenons, already described, excepting in respect to tlie last molars. 
In the upper jaw, tlie last molar is terminated by a very small unequal 
tubercle, accompanied by several small dentations at its external surface. 
The canine is rounded, and not flattened at its internal surface, and the 
"crih oAino Macaco is applied incliscriminately to all Monkeys by the Negroes on the coast of Gninoa, and tho slaves of the West Indian colonies. Maregravius de- 
* species with nares elutas bijidas, and these vague words, adopted solely after him, have remained as one of the characteristics of tho Macaque of Bufion, although 
* kind is to be seen — Note of the Baron Cuvier. 
It was this circumstance which led zElian to remark that Apes were to be seen in India, afilictcd with prolapsus uteri. — Note of the Baron Cuvier. 
41 
