174 
ORDER QUADRUMANA— GENUS ERIODES. 
Wlien seated, t!iey raise the tail perpendicularly upwards, and roll the 
point into a spiral curve. Their pliysiognomy bears a very striking 
resemblance to that of a Negro. 
The Stripe-faced Spider- .Monkey is entirely covered with long, black, 
and silky hairs, much scantier on tite lower parts of the body than on the 
upper. The internal surfaces of the hands and the naked portion of the 
tail are violet-coloured. The hairs of the back, sides, thighs, legs, arms, 
and tail, are directed in the \isual manner ; those of the head point from 
the front backwards, while the hairs of the forehead rise almost erect up- 
wards, and form, when opposed to the others, a kind of crest, so that the 
yellowish or whitish ornament of the forehead is the first object which at- 
tracts the attention of the observer. The hair of the fore-arm near the 
elbow is directed backwards. 
5. ATELES BRISSONir — BRISSON’S SPIDER-MONKEY. 
St/n, Ee Coaita a VE.VTEE BLAxa — Cuv. Reg. Anim. 1. 101. 
Ateles Belzebueh. — G eoff. Ann. Mus. VII. and XIX. 
SiMiA Beczebuth (Maeimonda). — H umb. Obs. Zool. p. 325 and 353. 
Cebos Beisso.N'U Eisch. Syn. Mam. 
Ee BelZkbiit. — B riss. Reg. Anira. p. 211. 
Icon. Belzebuth (young). — Geoff, ct F. Cuv. Hist, Mam Ann. Mus. VII. 
pi. 16. 
specific characters. 
The Hair dark brown above ; yellowish-white beneath j changing into 
ycllowish-red on the abdomen. 
The Face violet-black ; flesh-coloured round the eyes. Tub Fore- 
hands tctradactylous. 
Inhabits Guiana. 
This animal is widely dispersed throughout Spanisli Guiana, where it is 
known by’ the name of Marimonda. Its hair is dark brown, very long and 
shining ou the upper part of the back. The hair of the occiput and vertex 
is directed forwards, while that of the forehead points backwards, 
thereby forming a tuft on tlie top of the head, and contributing towards 
its extreme ugliness. The face is naked and black, while the tips of its 
very extensible lips, and the point of its nose, arc of a reddish-white. 
The mouth is surrounded with stiff grey hairs ; the neck and chin are al- 
most naked ; the eyes brown, and furnished with long black eyelaslies. 
The abdomen, the interior of the thighs, and the inferior surliice of the 
tail, are covered with yellowish-rcd Iiair. the points of which, when strongly 
illuminated, give a sligiit metallic rellectioii. 
The Marimonda of the banks of the Orinoco is excessively slow in its 
movements, of a melanclioly, mild, and timid disposition. Through excess 
of timidity it is very apt to bite even those wlio arc attending to its wants ; 
and it announces its approaching passion by making a grimace and raising 
the cry oo-oh. Of all prehensile tails, that of llrissoii's Spider-Monkey 
exhibits tlie greatest perfection. It can raise even a straw, and fully equals 
tlie trunk of the Elephant, so that, as Humboldt remarks, it seems as if 
the very eyes of this Monkey were placed at the end of its tail. Without 
turning its head, tins little animal can introduce its tail into file smallest holes 
for the object of its search. This organ, however, is not observed to raise 
food to the mouth, that office being always fulfilled by the hands. When 
collected together in large numbers, they interlace their limbs and tails in 
the most grotesque forms. Their attitudes announce the greatest apathy 
and indolence, while the joints of their limbs are so flexible, that they almost 
appeardislocated. When exposed to the burning lieatof the sun, they throw 
the head backwards, their eyes are directed upwards, and, folding their 
arms on the back, they remain motionless in this extraordinary position 
for hours together. 
In young specimens, the hair is of a dirty white beneath, and greyisli- 
black above. 
6. ATELES HYBRIDUS.— MONGREL SPIDER-MONKEY. 
Syn. L’Atele MliTis (Mono-zambo) Isid. Geoff. Mem. Mus. VII. 
IcoTu Ateles HYBRIDUS. — Isid. Geoff. Etud. Zool. pi. I (Mammiferes), 
SBECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair clear brown above ; yellowish on the thighs ; white beneath; 
a white circular patch on the forehead. 
The Face dark brown. The Fork-hands tctradactylous. 
Inhabits Columbia. 
The present species differs rcraark.TbIy in tlie general colour of the hair 
from its congeners, which are either black or dark brown. It is at once 
known by the white patch placed in the centre of its forehead. Beneath 
the head, the body, and along the tail, as far as its callous portion, the 
Mongrel Spider- Monkey is of a dirty white ; the upper parts are gene- 
rally of a clear brown, which passes into a pure brown on the head, the 
fore-limbs, thighs, and beneath the tail, and into a well defined pure yel- 
low on the thighs, as well as on the sides of tlie tail, and a part of the 
lower extremity. 
This animal is very common in the Valley of the Magdalena, where it 
is known by the name of Marimonda, a name common to several other 
Monkeys. It is likewise termed Zambo or Mono-Zainbo, from the re- 
semblance which its colour bears to that of the Zambi, or descendant of 
the Afiican and American Indian. The Mongrel Spider- Monkeys live 
in troops of twelve or fifteen individuals, and the traveller through the 
woods is informed of their presence by the noise which' they make in 
throwing themselves from one branch to another. The females appear 
much attached to their young, which they carry on their backs from place 
to place. An old female, embarrassed by her young one, had a consider- 
able lump to make ; M. Utmlin saw an old male place himself on the ex- 
tremity of the branch, and make it oscillate so as to bring it to the level 
of the female, who took advantage of the [iroper moment to effect her 
passage. Their attention to the young is shared by both sexes. 
This species rests upon several adult females and one young male in 
the Paris Museum. M. Roulin admits its reality, and assigns it to Co- 
lumbia. 
7. ATELES MELANOCIIIR BLACK-HANDED SPIDER- 
MONKEY. 
Syn. Ateles melanochir. — Desra. Mam. 
Icon. Atele melanochir (fcmelle) Geoff et F, Cuv. Hist. Mam. 
SI’ECinC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair on the top of the head, and tlie outside of tlie arms, legs, 
and tail, black ; whitish boiicatli ; elsewliere grey tinged with yellow. 
The Face flesli-colomcd round the eyes and mouth, elsewhere black. 
The Fore-hands tctradactylous. 
Inhabits Peru. 
Of the present animal little is known. It seems to have all the 
characteristics of the other Spider- Monkeys ; such as being mild, affec- 
tionate, sociable, and excessively slow in its movements. 
Tbe head, limbs, and tail, arc covered with black hairs above ; the in- 
ner surface of the arm and fore-arm, down to the fore-liands, is white, 
as well as the inner surfaces of the legs and thighs, the inferior surfaces 
of tlie neck, breast, and abdomen, the sides of the thighs, and the inferior 
surface of the tail; the slioulders are of a yellowish-grey, and the remain- 
der of the iqiper parts of the body, as well as the cheek-tufts, are of a 
pure grey. All the hands, and the naked portion of tlie tail, are black, 
likewise tbe cheeks and tlie lower half of the nose ; but the circles round 
the eyes and mouth are fle.sh-ooloiired. The hair is entirely composed of 
silky filaments ; those on the black as well as the white parts of the body 
are of a uniform shade throughout, while those on tlie grey parts are an- 
nulated with black and white, more or less mixed with yellow. 
DOUBTFUL SPECIES. 
1. The Bay Spider- Monkey (Ateles fuliginosus), is known to us only 
by the. description in Kuhl, Beitr. p. 26, taken from an individual in the 
Paris Museum. From the silence of the French Naturalists, and the want 
of any figure of tliis species, we are inclined to place it here until an op- 
portunity occurs for examining a perfect specimen. 
2. Geopfroy’s Spider-Monkey (Ateles Geofiroy), appearsfrom Kuhl’s 
description (Beitr. p. 26) to be identical with the Ateles Melanochir of 
Desmarest. 
GENUS III. ERIODES.'— WOOLLY-MONKEYS. 
Syn. Les Eeiodes. — Isid. Geoff. Mtim. Mus. XVIL 138. 
generic characters. 
The Head rounded. The Facial Angle about 60°. The Ears 
small and hairy. 
Tuf. Nostrils separated by a very narrow partition, and almost open- 
ing beneath the nose. 
The Tail naked beneath the point. 
The Fore-Hands tctradactylous or pentadactylous. The Hindeb- 
Hands pentadactylous. The Nails compressed, excepting those of the 
hinder thumbs, which are large and flat. 
The Limbs long and thin. The Hair very woolly. 
I.MHABiT South America. 
These Monkeys bear a general resemblance to the Spider- Monkey® 
already described, in their long and meagre limbs, but differ in several im- 
portant points of their organization. Externally, they may beat once dis- 
tinguished by the woolly nature of their hair, their short liairy ears, the 
compressed form of tlieir nails, as well as by the remarkable anomaly m 
the disposition of their nostrils. In the last particular, tliey may be con- 
sidered as holding a medium rank between the Apes of the Old Continent 
1 Eriodos, from woolly. The term Wolluffe CWoolly-Monkeys), given by Kuhl to the genus Lagothrix, seems to be more applicable to the present. 
