THE WEEPERS. 
177 
There is no genus of Mammiferous animals, wherein the species are 
so difficult to characterize as the present. The earlier writers admitted 
but few species. Brisson recognised three, Linnseus four, Gmelin six, 
Buffon two, and the Baron Cuvier thought that possibly there might only 
be one. A more accurate acquaintance with these animals serves to an- 
nounce that their species are fully as numerous as the Guenons of the 
Old World ; that there exists much constancy in their distinctive charac- 
ters ; that the observed variations in the colours of their hair are incon- 
siderable j and that the differences in their external markings must be 
ascribed rather to the internal organization of each species and its influence 
upon their colouring, than to external and accidental circumstances. 
The lists of systematic writers are in general very incorrect, and the 
catalogue of doubtful species more numerous than might be desired. We 
think, however, that twelve species may be safely admitted in the pre- 
sent state of our knowledge, without much risk of ultimate error.' 
(A.) Proper Weepers. (Sajous.) 
Some of the Weeper Monkeys have the hair on the forehead of 
a uniform length. 
I. CEBUS A PELL A— COMMON BROWN WEEPER. 
Syn. Le S,uou Cuv. Reg. Aniin. 1. 102. 
Cesus Awxla — ErxI. — GeoH'. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
SlJiiA Apeli.a. — L inn. Gmel. I. — llumb. Obs. Zool. p. 355. 
Capl'Cin Monkey. — I’ emi. Quadr. No. 185. 
Icon. Le Sajou buun. — B uff. Hist. Nat, XV. pi. 4. 
Le Sajou. — Audeb. Sing. — Mein. Mus. (male and female). 
Sai (var.) — E. Cuv. et Geoff. Hist. Mam. 
SPECIFIC CBARACTEBS. 
The Haib black on the head and hands ; brown on the back, breast, 
and belly ; yellowish-wliite on the arms, shoulders, and sides of the face 
and lorehead ; a black band along the cheek. 
The Face dark brown. 
Inhabits Guiana. 
It was doubtless from confounding this species with several of its con- 
geners, that the Baron Uuvier and others were led to suppose that it 
undergoes much variation. We have seen many specimens of tlie Com- 
mon Brown Weeper, and have found them to bear so minute a resem- 
blance to each other, as to leave no doubt as to their specific distinctness 
from all those so-called varieties. The “ Sajou" of Audebert accu- 
rately represents this species ; and it must be noticed tliat his figure does 
not differ more from the “ Sai” of M. Frederic Cuvier, than might have 
been anticipated from the circumstance that the latter is drawn after tlie 
living animal, and the former from a stuffed specimen. 
Tlie characteristic colours of this species already mentioned result from 
hairs, which are, throughout their entiie lengtii, of the same colour as the 
points. Each cheek is divided into two parts by a dark baud, arising near 
the anterior margin of the ear, from the black cowl on the top of tiu; head, 
and passing in a curved line downwards to the chin, so as to meet the 
corresponding band of the otlier cheek. All tlie hairs are silky and soft, 
occasionally assuming a woolly appearance. Tlie skin of tlie hands and 
face, as well os of the parts covered with hair, is dark brown. 
2. CEBUS GRISEUS.— GREYISH WEEPER. 
Syn. Cebosgriseus Desm. Mara — Fiscli. Syn. Mam. 
Icon. Le Sajou oais Buff. Hist. Nat. XV. pi. 5. 
Le Sajou male.— F. Cuv. ct Geoff. Hist. Mam. 
SPECIFIC CHABACTEllS. 
The Haib yellowish-brown above ; lighter beneath ; a black cowl on 
the top of the head ; the cheeks, breast, shoulders, and fore-arms, white. 
The Face and Ears flesh-coloured. The Hands dark violet. 
Inhabits 
Of this animal there is little particular to record, so much is tlie char- 
acter of the genus likewise that of the species. We are not certain of its 
native country, which may probably be French Guiana. All its hairs arc 
silky, long, thick, and always grey at their base, whatever may be their 
colour at the points. The hinder part of the head, the neck, back, sides, 
the hinder part of the thighs, and the upper surface of the tail, are yellow- 
ish-brown ; the abdomen and lower part of the thighs are of tlie same 
colour, but paler, and the under surface of tlie tail is of a dirty yellow ; on 
the top of the head there is a black patch or cowl. The fore-part and 
sides of the bead, the upper-part of the arms, llie anterior surface o the 
fore-arm, tlie neck, and breast, are white. The face and ears are 11 sn- 
coloured, the hands and feet of a dark violet, and this colour prevail.' rpon 
the scrotum ; all these parts are nearly destitute of hair. 
3. CEBUS CAPUCINUS CAPUCHIN WEEPER. 
Syn. Le Sai. — C uv. Reg. Anim. I. 102. 
Cebus Capucinus. — Erxl. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
SiMiA Capucina. — Linn. Gmel. I. — Humb. Obs. Zool. p. 355. 
Weeper Monkey. — Penn. Quadr. I. No. 136. 
Icon. Le Sai. — Buff. Hist. Nat. XV. pi. 8. — Audeb. Sing. 
Sajou bbuk (fcmelle). — F. Cuv. et Geolf. Hist. Mam. 
SPECIFIC CHABACTEBS. 
The Hair dusky brown, witli golden reflections ; lighter on the face, 
shoulders, and fore-arms ; a black cowl on the top of the head, ending in 
a point on the centre of the forehead. 
The Face and Hands violet-grey. 
Inhabits Guiana. 
Tills animal has its muzzle remarkably thick ard short ; its entire body 
is covered with soft and silky hairs, which are dusky brown throughout 
the greater part of their length, but arc bright golden yellow at tlie points, 
communicating a greenish tinge to the animal, when viewed by a trans- 
mitted light, and emitting bright golden reflections, if seen obliquely. The 
fore-arms, the fore-part of the slioulders, tlie cheeks, and the temples as 
far as the ears and tlie sides of the forehead, are of a ligliter brown ap- 
proaching to yellow ; the top of the head is black, in the form of a cowl, 
wliich is prolonged over tlie eyes, and ends in a point about tlie centre of 
the forehead. The dorsal line is darker than the otlier parts of the body ; 
the hair is light, and very scanty beneath. The skin on all tlie naked 
portions of the body is of a violet-grey, 
4.. CEBUS HYPOLEUCUS WHITE-THROATED WEEPER. 
Syn. Cebus HYPOLEUCUS. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
SiMiA hypoleuca (Cabiblanco) Humb. Obs. Zool. p. 337 and 356. 
Icon. Sai a gorge blanche male. — F. Cuv. ct Geoff. Hist. Mam. 
Sai a gorge blanche var. A — Audeb. Sing. 
Buff. Hist. Nat. XV. pi. 9. 
specific CHABACTEBS, 
The Haib on the arms and sides of the head white ; on the neck and 
breast yellowisli-wliite ; elsewhere black. 
The Face, Fobeuead, and Eabs, flesh-coloured. The Hands, and 
other parts of the body, violet-grey. 
Inhabits the Banks of the Magdalena. 
The Wliite-throated Weeper is one of the species most commonly met 
with in Europe, where it is brought from Brazil or Guiana. Flumboldt 
found several individuals near the Rio Sinn, and was informed by the 
Indians tliat they lived togetlier in numerous troops, wholly distinct from 
the Common Brown Weepers (C. Apella). 
The entire face, forehead, and ears, are naked, and of a pure flesh co- 
loyr. The hands, and all the inferior parts of the body, likewise naked, 
are of a violet-grey. The hair is white on the sides of the cheeks, and 
on the arms from the elbows to the shoulders i on the neck and breast 
they are yellowish, but elsewhere of a very deep black. M. Frederic 
Cuvier remarks, that “ the White-throated Weeper alone has the point 
of its tail naked, but not by any means to the extent of the Coaita Spider- 
Monkey, for example. This cliaractcr,” he adds, •* is proper to the 
species, and may serve to distinguish it from all other Sapajoos." The tails 
of all the Weepers are liable to lose their hair at the point from friction, 
and even sometimes they may become callous ; but that this is not a char- 
' It will be readily perceived that we here depart widely from the views of the Baron Cuvier regarding the species of this genus. His observations, sufBcien y g , 
*“ve now become, througii the progress of science, in many respects obsolete; they are as follows ... j- if we had not also 
" The %o«s and differ^so fnuch from brown to yellowish and whitish, that one would bo ternpmd to constitute them into so many d.stin t by GeoW 
ffie intermediate varieties. Suc i are the Simia trepida, syrichta, lugubris, and Bavia of Lmmeus and Sehreber, as well as some “f ^ ^ appreiimato to the Sajou 
(Aim. Wut. XIX. ill and 1 12). Spii, again, has multiplied these species to a still greater extent, and on very msufliciont grounds. os PI appear 
(C; Apeila, Lhm.j the C rohusL of'prmct Maximilian, which even appears to us nothing more than 
^ Wong to a dulVrent species. We approximate to the Sai (Sim.a Capuema, Lmn.), the Sai a Wauche of B“ff“^(C.J.ypoleuc^ be disposed to regard as distLt 
- i the C. xaiiLhiisternus of Prince iVUxiiiuhan. or C. xanthoceplialus of Spix, pi. 3 , and the C. cuottlatus, 1 • P • ' . ,,i o i n from which the C. gracilis of 
•Pecies, the Sajou it pieds dor^s of Fred. Cuvier ; the Sajou brun or C. unicolor of Spix, p . 4 ; and the ° boro' these’ animals inhabit, before we can be 
®P|», pi. 5, appears to dillcr merely in the stuffing ; but we are still m want of numerous observations made m the localities wuero 
•«i»fied that the speeios are not arbitrarily determined." ■ c , . rebus of the same name of Prince Maximilian, but which is different, 
Aftor the bajou cornu ^^unia fatuellus, Liau. Gmel.) should come the C. cirnfer of Geoff, and a Geous 
* crUtatus of Fred, Cuvier." 
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