THE WEEPERS. 
179 
Monachus of Frederic Cuvier they are white, — variations which are in 
all probability owing to mere differences of age. Temminck and Prince 
Maximilian have verified this last observation. We find in the Cebus 
variegatus of Geoffrey another instance of the undue multiplication of 
species. 
10. CEBUS B A RBATUS.— BEARDED WEEPER. 
Syn. Cebus bahbatus. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mara.— Kuhl 
Beitr. 
. Icon. Le Sai (Var. B). — Audeb. Sing. 
SPECIFIC CHAKACTEnS. 
The Haib yellowish-brown ; reddish beneath ; a yellowish-white 
beard extending over the cheeks j the top of the head dark yellowish- 
brown. 
The Face flesh-coloured. The Hands black. 
Inhabits Guiana. 
This animal differs from the Capuchin Weeper, in having its hair much 
more yellow; that which surrounds the head is of a yellowish-white; 
on the top of the head it is dark yellowish-brown ; the hair covering the 
arms is yellow, and changes into red on approaching the fore-hands, 
which are black, as well as the hinder. The hair on the breast and belly 
is red, and that of the back and tail yellowish-brown, mixed with grey. 
On all parts of the body it is very long and silky. The above description 
was taken from a living specimen in the Paris Menagerie. This animal 
was perfectly familiar, and imitated all the gestures of its masters. When 
seated, it used to curl the tail round its body. 
(B.) Horned Weepers, (Sajous cornus.) 
The remaining Weepers have the hair of the forehead differently 
disposed in tufts. 
11. CEBUS FATUELLUS.— COMMON HORNED WEEPER. 
Sya. Le S.uoucoaNti. — Briss. Reg. Anim. p. 195. — Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. 102. 
Cebus Fatoellus Eril Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
SiMiA Fatuelliis. — Linn. Gmel. I. 
Hobned Monkey. — Penn. Quadr. I. No. 138. 
!con. Sajou cornu Buff. Hist. Nat. Suppl. VII. pi. 29. — Audeb. Sing. 
Cebus Fatuellus. — Pr. Max. Abbild. 
S.ijou cornu male. — F. Cuv. et Geoff. Hist. Mam. (var.) 
GENEIIIC CHABACTEBS. 
The Haib brownish-black ; paler on the shoulders and upper arms; 
a yellowisli-white band on the margin of the cheeks ; a crest of upright 
hair on tire forehead, ending in a tuft on each side. 
The Face and Hands violet-coloured. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
The Horned Weepers, first described by Brisson, abound on the east 
<^oast of Brazil, especially in the neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro, and in 
the great woods near Cabo Frio. They sometimes are found alone, or 
In pairs ; more usually in small troops ascending the trees in search of 
huit, but apparently in perpetual motion. Generally they are very lively, 
Active, and quick in their movements ; tlie young especially are exceed- 
*tg1y ludicrous, and easily become attached to their master. From the 
•continual watchfulness of these animals, the hunters find it very difficult 
to surprise them, and this they usually effect by imitating their sonorous 
thistle with the mouth. On perceiving the enemy, the troop soon 
effects its escape by wide springs out of the reach of the guns. They be- 
come very fat during the cool season of the year, and are then considered 
excellent game. 
These animals acquire a larger size than the other Weepers. They 
®te of a sooty brown almost approaching to black upon the head, body, 
'•nbs, and mil, becoming a paler brown on the shoulders and upper-arms ; 
® band of yellowish-white hairs runs along the margin of eacli cheek, and 
'*'cets in a very narrow line beneath the chin. The entire skin, whether 
naked or covered with hair, is violet-coloured. Instead of lying back 
bpon the head, the hairs of the front stand erect, and form a crest termi- 
nated at each extremity by a bunch of hairs much longer than the rcinain- 
ncr, from whicli circumstance the animal has derived its specific name. 
•^11 the lower parts of the body are much more scantily covered than the 
npper, and these again are much thicker in winter than in summer. Then 
‘ne frontal bunches increase in size, the hairs on the cheeks grow longer, 
®nd the entire animal appears of a much larger size, and in some degree out 
° shape. Tlip horns, egrets, or tufts, do not appear until the animal has 
acquired its canine teeth ; that is to say, until it has become adult. The 
Mo of its nose is rather broader than in the rest of its congeners, and is 
° ed longitudinally, so as to give the animal a morose appearance, al- 
'ough it is in reality very mild and affectionate. ' 
12. CEBUS CIRRIFER CIRCLED WEEPER. 
Syn. Cebus cibbifer — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX Desm. Mam.— Pr. Max. 
Beitr. — Fisch. Syn. Mara. 
SiMiA CIBBIFEBA — Huml). Obs. Zool. p. 336. 
Cebus lunulatus (young) — Kuhl Beitr. — C. lunatus. — Desm. Mam. 
Icon. Cebus cibbifeb Pr. Max. Abbild. 
Varietc du Sajou cornu.— F. Cuv. et Geoff. Hist. Mam. 
specific chabactebs. 
The Haib dark brown above ; lighter beneath ; a margin of whitish 
hairs round the face ; the hairs of the head erect, in the form of a Horse’s 
shoe. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
Tin’s animal differs from the Common Horned Weeper, just described, 
in having the tints of its hair mucli darker ; its back and sides of a dusky 
chestnut brown ; the breast and belly of a paler brown ; the fore-part of 
the arm, the neck, and the under part of the lower jaw, of a yellowish- 
brown ; the arms, limbs, and tail, black, and the temples of a dirty 
white. 
There is a variety of this species, figured by Fred. Cuvier, as a variety 
of the Horned Weeper; it differs in having the hair of the back black, 
of the shoulders brown, and of the summit of the head deep brown. 
White whiskers also ornament the cheeks, and ascend crescent-shaped to 
the centre of the forehead. These characteristic differences are not 
great ; but yet, as remarked by M. Cuvier, it is only bycoraparing and con- 
trasting all these varieties that the specific characters can finally be adopt- 
ed, and this consideration imparts an importance to descriptions and cor- 
rect drawings whicli otherwise they could not individually possess. 
DOUBTFUL SPECIES. 
1. The Feabful Monkey of Pennant (Quadr. I. No. 134), the Ce- 
bus trepidus of Erxleben and Geoffroy, is absolutely identical with C. 
frontatus of Kuhl and Desmarest. Its hair is chestnut brown ; that on 
tlie head is still darker, rather long, and elevated in a crest. We find it 
figured by Audebert (Sing.) under the name of “ Sajou, var. A.," and in 
Edwards' Gleanings, pi. 312, under the title of the Bush-tailed Monkey. 
It is probably identical with some of the preceding, perhaps C. cirrlfer. 
2. The Cebus gracilis of Spix (Sim. et Vespert. Eras. pi. 5) is yel- 
lowish-brown above; whitish beneath; the top of the head and occiput 
of a deeper brown; tlie body slender. This is probably an individual of 
Cebus fulvus, altered in the stuffing. 
3. The Cebus cucullatus of Spix (Sim. et 'Vespert. Bras. pi. 6) has 
the hair of the bead directed forwards; a white circle round the face; 
the head and back brownish ; the limbs and tail dusky ; the shoulder, 
throat, and breast, whitish; tlie remainder of the body of a rusty red. 
This isj perhaps, a female of one of the species already described. 
4. The Cebus libidinosus of Spix (Ib. pi. 2) is of a reddish-yellow ; 
a dark brown cowl on its head, and a white circle round the face. That 
peculiarity in its behaviour, denoted by the specific name, seems rather 
to have been accidental to the individual described by Spix. 
5. The Antigha Monkev (S. Antigueiisis) of Shaw, Gen. Zool. I. p. 
78, is blackish-fulvous, white beneatli, with black limbs, the face black, 
with bearded cheeks; and the tail brown. It was exported from Anti- 
gua, but its real country was unknown. 
IMAGINABY SPECIES. 
1. Cebus Niger of Geoffroy, Desmarest, and Kuhl, derived from the 
Sajou negre of Buffon, Suppl. VH. pi. 28, is a melanic variety of C. 
Apella, according to Humboldt. 
2. C. VABiECATUS of Kulil, Gcoffroy, and others, is the young of C. 
xanthosternus, according to Temminck. It is likewise the C. xanthoce- 
phalus of Spix. 
3. C. ALDUS of Geoffroy and others is an albinb variety of C. fulvus, 
4. C. LUNULATUS of K!uhl (C. LuNATus of Desmarcst) is the young 
ot the C. cirrifer of Prince Maximilian. 
5. SiMiA Morta; and, 
6. SiMiA SvBicHTA of LinntEus (Gmel. I. 38), are founded upon im- 
perfect specimens. 
7. C. FRONTATUS of Kulil and others (the Bush-tailed Monkey of 
F.dwards) is identical with C. trepidUs, noticed above. 
8. C. MAcnocEPHALUs of Spix is the C. robustus of Prince Maximi- 
lian. 
9. C. UNicoLOR of Spix is tlie same as the Fulvous Weeper (C. ful- 
vus). 
10. C. xANTiiocEPHALUS of Spix sliould be referred to the C. xantho- 
sternus of Prince Maximilian. 
11. C. FLAVUS or SiMiA FLAVA of Systematic authors is the same as C. 
fulvus. 
12. C. Monachus of F. Cuvier is the young of C. xanthosternus. 
