THE MAKIS. 
191 
cliest, belly, and insides of the limbs, is of a lighter colour. The hands 
and feet are covered with whitish hair to the very nails, and hence its 
specific name. The tail, which is longer than the body, is covered with 
long hair, grey and grizzly. 
5. LEMUR ALBIFRONS.— WHITE-FRONTED LEMUR. 
Syn. Lf. Mongous a front blanc. — Cuv. Reg. Aiiim. I. 107. 
LuMUtt AI.BIFBONS. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
Icon. Lp. Maki a front blanc, male, femellc, etsonpfitit. — F. Cuv. et Geoff. 
Hist. Mara Audeb. Sing. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
PIALE. 
The Hair chestnut-brown above; olive-grey beneath ; the face, from 
the eyes to the muzzle, black ; a white band round the head ; the hands 
yellowish. 
FEMALE. 
The Hair paler than in the male; no white band on the head. 
The White-fronted Lemur was catalogued among the species by M. 
Geoffroy- St- Hilaire, and described and depicted by Audebert. Little, 
however, was known concerning it until the year 1816, when M. F. 
Cuvier obtained two pairs. 
The male L. albifrons has the hair on the upper parts of the body, the 
outer sides of its limbs, and a third of its tail, of a golden chestnut-brown 
colour, when in a strong light : the inferior parts of the body, and inner 
sides of the limbs, are olive-grey-brown. The tail towards the tip is 
black. The front part of the head, and as far back as the ears, the cheeks, 
and under part of the lower jaw, are white. The face, palms, and soles, 
are of the hue of an Ethiopian black ; and the iris is orange coloured. 
The only difference of colour in the female is, that those parts which are 
white in the male are of a dark grey colour, and that the rest of the fur 
is somewhat paler. 
The animals under M. Cuvier’s observation bred in Paris, and the 
period of gestation was about months. The young had the same 
markings, and was of the same colour ns its dam ; its hair, at birth, was 
very short ; its eyes were open, and it was about the size of a small Rat. 
No sooner did the young one make its appearance, than it hid itself in its 
mother’s bosom, and soon began to feed itself. For a long while it was 
scarcely possible to get a sight of it, so hid was it in its mother’s fur, and 
she, on her part, always turned her back on all intruders, even those 
with whom she was most familiar. Previous to the birth of her young 
one, she had been extremely gentle and familiar ; she courted caresses, 
and licked the hand ; but the moment she had her little one, she became 
suspicious, retreated as far as possible from everyone, and threatened those 
who approached. When her care of the young one became unnecessary, 
in the third month, her natural demeanour returned ; but throughout the 
nursing her care was most assiduous. When five and six weeks old, the 
young one began to oat the aliment presented to it, but it continued to 
suck for six months. Whenever in the slightest degree alarmed, it 
rapidly retreated to its mother's arms, 
6. LEMUR MONGOZ.— MONGOOZ LEMUR. 
Syn. Le MongOcs Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. 107. 
Lemur Mongoz Linn. Gmcl. I. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. 
Mam. 
Woolly Maocauco. — Penn. Quadr. I. No. 14.9. 
Icon. Mongous m^le, et tele de sa femellc. — F. Cuv. et Geoff. Hist. Mam. 
Mongouz. — Edw. Glean, pi. 216. 
Mongous. — Buff. Hist. Nat. XIII. pi. 26. 
SPECIFIC characters. 
MALE. 
The Hair brown fawn colour, with an olive or yellow shade; the end 
of the tail black ; the face grey ; the top of the head black ; the cheeks 
bright brown. 
FEMALE. 
The Hair on the top of the head grey, otherwise resembling the male. 
This name (Mongous), originally applied by Edwards and other early 
Writers to nearly all the Lemurs, is now confined to a single species. 
^ be general colour of the fur, which is remarkably fine and thick, is of a 
town fawn colour, with an olive or yellow shade, and this colour is nearly 
bniform both on the upper and lower parts of the body ; the tail is black 
Ibe summit of the head is entirely so in the male, 
"l' a female. The lower parts of the cheeks are sup- 
P 'ed with a ruff of a beautiful orange colour, and the face, ears, and 
palms of the hands, are of a violet hue ; the iris is orange. The form of 
the head of the male is not precisely similar to that of the female, and 
generally she is smaller and of a lighter hue than her mate. 
When taken young, the Mongooz Lemur is easily tamed ; though it is 
not so gentle as its ring-tailed congener. Buffon, who of course speaks 
of an imprisoned specimen, describes it as a filthy animal, which gnawed 
its tail. The individual mentioned by him required to be chained ; it 
escaped into the neighbouring shops and houses, helping itself lo all the 
fruits and sugar it could find ; and was recaptured only with difficulty. It 
bit cruelly, making no exception, even of those who had the charge of it. 
It had a habitual insignificant grunt; and when tired, it uttered a stronger 
cry, not unlike the croaking of Frogs. It was invariably chilly, and de- 
lighted in the warmth of a fire. 
7. LEMUR NIGRIFRONS DARK-FRONTED LEMUR. 
Syn. SiMiA sciORUs Petiv. Gazophyl. p. 26. 
Lemur nigrifrons Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX — Desm. Mam. 
Icon. Maki a front noir (male). — F. Cuv. et Geoff. Hist. Mam. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair greyish-brown above, ash-grey beneath. The Forehead 
and Face blackish-brown. 
This species was first described and represented by our countryman 
Petiver ( Gaxophylacium, p. 26, tab. 1 7, fig. 5), under the name of Simia 
Sviurus, and in this he was followed by Schrebef. Some uncertainty, 
however, prevailing, and new opportunities of examination occurring in 
Paris, it was there re examined, and described by M. Geoffroy-St-Hilaire, 
under the specific name of nigrifrons, which it is now likely to retain. 
It is about the size of the Ring-tailed Lemur, and in external appearance 
differs but little from the Mongoz. Its ears are rather shorter than those 
of its congeners. Its forehead and cheeks are of a blackish-brown co- 
lour, gradually becoming lighter towards the snout, which is light grey. 
The upper part of the head and neck, the shoulders, and outer sides of 
the fore-legs, are of a greyish-brown colour, somewhat variegated with 
white and black. The b,ick, flanks, and outer parts of the hind legs, are 
of a uniform brownish-grey ; the tail becomes darker as it approaches its 
tip ; the fur in front of the neck and chest is whitish ; the hands and 
feet are covered with short ash-coloured hair. 
8. LEMUR FULVUS.— FULVOUS LEMUR. 
Syn. Lemur FULVUS. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
Icon. Le Maki brun Menag. du Mus. 
Grand Mangous. — B uff'. Hist. Nat. Suppl. VII. pi. 33. 
SPECIFIC characters. 
The Hair brown above, grey beneath. The Forehead elevated and 
prominent. 
The Fulvous Lemur has not been long catalogued in any of our systems, 
and was first described by M. Geoffroy-St-Hilaire (Menag. du Mus.) 
Care should be taken not to confound it with the Mongooz, than which it 
is about a third larger ; its head also is rounder, and its trunk more deli- 
cate; its tail likewise is not so bushy or woolly, and becomes more slender 
-towards its extremity. It is brown above, and ash-coloured below. The 
croup and hind-legs are of an olive tinge, and the hairs are here reddish 
at their points. The iris is of a faint orange hue ; the hair is entirely 
black, and the forehead is elevated and prominent. This animal has been 
exhibited in Paris as the Fig-lemur (C'oc7iom). 
9. LEMUR RUFUS RUFOUS LEMUR. 
Syn. Lemur rufus. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. — Desm. Mam. 
Icon. Le Maki roux. — Audeb. Sing.— Copied in Schreb. pi. 39, C. 
specific characters. 
The Hair yellowish-red above, dull white beneath ; a white circle 
round the head ; a black line from the face to the hinder part of the head ; 
the tail black near the tip. 
Care should be taken not to confound this Reddish, or rust-coloured 
Lemur, with the ruber or lied Lemur of M. F. Cuvier, which is of a far 
brighter colour. This species has been established only upon some stuffed 
specimens which exist in the Paris Museum, and therefore requires fur- 
ther elucidation. Audebert is not quite convinced that it differs from the 
Macaco, though he inclines to this belief. M. Geoftroy-St-Hiluire, on the 
other hand, is satisfied upon this point, though it may still be allied to 
some other species. 
The Reddish Lemur is of the same dimensions as the Macaco; its snout 
