194 
ORDER QUADRUMANA.— GENUS OTOLICNUS. 
and snap, and becoming attached to its master. Its odour is far from 
being agreeable. 
To this already somewhat e.vtended account, we cannot omit a valu- 
able contribution made to our knowledge, of the anatomical structure of 
this animal, by Sir Anthony Carlisle, and communicated by him to 
Dr Shaw. Becoming possessed of the body of a tardigradus, he injected 
the arterial system, and discovered an unusual appearance in the great 
arterial trunks proceeding to all the limbs. “ Immediately,” he remarks, 
“ after the great artery from the body (subclavian) has penetrated the arm- 
pit, it is divided into twenty-three equal-sized cylinders, which closely sur- 
round the principal trunk of the artery, now diminished in size to an in- 
considerable vessel. The cylindrical arteries accompany each other, and 
divide with the two principal branches of the fore-arm (the radial and ul- 
nar), being distributed in their routes upon the muscles, each of which has 
one of these cylinders. The other blanches, for example, the radial and 
ulnar, proceed like the arteries in general ; disposing themselves upon the 
skin, membranes, bones, &c., in an arborescent form. The great artery 
of the inferior extremity, the iliac, in the same way divides itself on the 
margin of the pelvis into upwards of twenty equal-sized cylinders, also 
surrounding the main trunk ; these vessels are also finally distributed as 
in the upper extremity ; the cylinders wholly upon the muscles, and the 
arborescent branches on all the other parts. It would be of some import- 
ance," adds Sir Anthony, “to ascertain whether the other slow-moving 
quadrupeds have any peculiar arrangement of the arteries of their limbs. 
This solitary fact is hardly sufficient for the foundation of any theoretical 
explanation of the slow movement of these muscles j if, however, it 
should be corroborated by similar circumstances in other animals, a new 
light may be thrown upon muscular motion by tracing a connection be- 
tween the kind of action produced in a muscle, and the condition of its 
vascularity or supply of blood." — {Shatv's Gen. Zoology, Vol. I. p. 91.) 
These animals are sometimes found with two of the upper incisors 
wanting. 
Var. Griseus. — Grey Slotu Loris. 
There is a larger variety, found in Bengal, called Bni samundi by the 
natives. It is grey, with the dorsal stripe entirely black. 
2. STENOPS GRACILIS SLENDER LORIS. 
Sijn. I.E Loris CUE LE Cuv. Reg. Aniin. I. 108. 
Loris GRAaus Geoff. Ann. Sins. XIX. IC-l. — Desm. Mara. 
I-ORis Ceylonicus Fisch.' Anat. Mak., pi. 7 (skeleton). 
Loris. — Shaw, Gen. Zool. I. 
Icon. Le Loris grele Audeb. Sing. 
Loris.— Buff. Hist. Nat. XIII., pi. 30 Sob.* Thos. I., pi. 35, fig. 1 
(male), fig. 2 (fern.) 
Lemur TARDiGRADDS. — Sehreb. Saligtli., pi. 38. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
of a reddish-brown colour, and this colour surrounds the eyes ; there is a 
grey spot in the middle of the forehead, extending to the temples and 
cheeks ; the muzzle is naked and flesh-coloured. The fur upon the ex- 
tremities is very thin ; and the whole of the under part of the body of a 
light yellowish-grey colour. 
3. STENOPS POTTO BOSMAN’S LORIS. 
Stjn. Lemur Potto. — Linn. Gmel. I. 4-2. 
Nycticeeus Potto. — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. 165. 
Galago Guineensis Desm. Almn. No. 127. 
Icon. Potto. — Bosm.^ Guin. 11. pi. 4. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair reddish in the adult j grey in the young. The Tail of me- 
dium length. 
Inharits Guinea. 
To this genus we may refer the Potto of Bosman — an animal 
having the same remarkably slow movements as the Sloths and Lo- 
rises. [Cuvier considers it to be a Galago, and Temrainck a 
Loris.] 
This species seems very obscure, known only by Bosnian’s description 
and figure in his account of Guinea. He mentions that the animal is 
called Potto by the natives, and Sloth by Europeans, on account of the 
extreme slowness of its movements. He tells us it is scarcely able to 
walk ten paces a day ; that it eats up all the fruit and leaves of a tree, 
thus becoming fat, after which it grows lean, and is in danger of starving, 
before it climbs a second tree. All this he narrates not from personal 
knowledge, but from the testimony of the Negroes. Its figure bears some 
resemblance to the S. tardigradus, but it is represented with a tail of some 
length. He adds, “ This animal is so ugly and hideous, that I scarcely 
believe its match can be found in any part of the world. On the ground 
it crawls like a Reptile. Its hands bear a close resemblance to those of 
5Ian J its head is very large in proportion to its body. The robe of the 
young is of the same colour as that of the Rat, through which its smooth 
and glistening skin is seen ; that of the old is red and tufted like wool.” 
nOORTFUL SPECIES. 
1. Nycticeeus Javanicds of Geoffroy (Ann. Mus. XIX.) and others, 
was found in Java by Leschenault de la Tour. It differs from the Sloth 
Loris merely in having the dorsal line deeper, and the muzzle more pointed. 
Probably it Is only a variety of Stenops tardigradus. 
2. Nycticeeus Ceylonicos of Geoffrey (loc. cit.), figured in Seba’s 
Thesaurus, I., pl. 4,, under the name of Cercopiihccus Zeylonicus, scu tar~ 
digradus dictus major,— is said to be dark brown approaching to black ; the 
back entirely black ; the tail very short. As its specific name denotes, it 
inhabits Ceylon. 
The Hair reddish-brown above, whitish beneath ; a white spot on the 
forehead ; circle round the eyes red. The Tail wanting. 
I.NHABiTS Ceylon. 
This animal is smaller than the preceding, and has its nose more 
elevated, owing chiefly to the projection of the intermaxillary bones. 
From this diflference, M, Geoffroy was led to form his genus Nyc- 
ticebus of the former species, and his genus Loris of the latter. 
The information vve possess concerning this Slender Loris is but scanty, 
more especially respecting its habits and mode of life. Seba remarks, that 
it has an acute sense of smell ; lives upon the seeds of lofty trees, which 
the male always tastes before off'ering to his mate. 
Audebert counted four mammte upon the female, although there were 
two glands only. The dimensions of the animal were small, the head 
and trunk extending only to five inches. The head is flat, but when gar- 
nished with hair, appears capacious and round. The eyes are very large 
and prominent, and the eye-lashes conspicuous. The muzzle is about 
half an inch long; the snout prominent, projecting over the mouth, whose 
upper lip is somewhat cleft. The ears are large, round, very concave, 
and almost naked. The arms are very long and slender ; the hands are 
only an inch long, and the fingers are armed with short and flat nails. 
The legs are as slender as the arms, and somewhat longer; the feet bein" 
twice as long as the hands. The great toe is very strong; and has a 
striking tubercle between it and the next, as may be also seen on the 
hand. This Loris has neither tail nor tubercle answering to it. The fur 
covering the head, neck, back, and external portions of the extremities, is 
GENUS IV. OTOLICNUS.— GAL AGOES. 
Syn, Les Galago (in part). — Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. 109. 
OTOLICNUS. — lilig. Prodr, 74. 
Galago (in part). — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XIX. 165. — Dosm. Mam. 
GENERIC characters. 
The Head round. The Muzzle short. The Eves very large, ap- 
proximated, and directed forwards. The Ears long, naked, and mem- 
braneous. 
The Dental Formula, as in the Genus Lemur (see page 189), some- 
times, by abortion, ?!=-=34. 
The Tarsus three times the length of the metatarsus. 
The Tail long and bushy. 
The Mamm.e two. Habits nocturnal. 
The First Finger only of the hinder hand with a claw'. 
Inhabit the African continent and Madagascar. 
These animals have the teeth and the insectivorous diet of the Lo- 
rises; but their elongated tarsi give to their hinder limbs a dispro- 
portionate length. Their tail is long and bushy, ihcir ears ex- 
panded and membraneous, while their large eyes indicate that their 
habits are strictly nocturnal. Several species are known, all from 
Africa. 
In every part of their frame the Galagoes bear a close resemblance to 
' Fisch. A.nat. Mak Gotthelf Fischer’s An.itomio der JLiki, und der ihnen verwandti-n Tliiere. Frankfurt am Main 1804. 
s See. Tubs — A. Seba: locupletissimi rerum naturalium Thesauri acenrata descriptio. Amsterdam, 1734- 1765. 
3 Bosm. Gui.v. — Reise nach Guinea durch W. Bosman. Hamburg, 1708. 
