STENODERMA.— DICLIDURUS.— NOCTILIO. 
21 
GENUS Vir. STENODERM;^ NARROW-BANDED 
BATS. 
Syn. Stenoderma. — GeotF, in Mem. de I’lnstit. d'Egypte Hist. Nat. II. — 
Desm. Mam. p. 1 17. — Teinin. Mon. Mam. II. 50. 
GE.VERIC cnABACTEllS. 
The Ears small, lateral, isolated, with an auricular operculum. 
The 1nter1''i:.morai. Membrane rudimentary, lining the thighs like a 
band. 
The Tail wanting. 
The Dental Formula varying according to age. 
Inhabit 
Young ? 
Adult ? 
2,2-1- C-f.'lM_I4_,a 
I 2 -I-C-I- 4 ..I 14 
2| + C-f-4.M 12 
|2-l-C-f.'l.Vl~li~ 
( Geoffrey. ) 
(G. Cuvier.) 
To this place appears to belong a Genus of Bats, of which little is yet 
known beyond the characters enumerated above. It consists of a single 
species, the false molars of which are undetermined. 
1. STENODERMA RUFUM.— RED NARROW-BANDED BAT. 
Syn. Stenoderma uuriiM — Geoff, in loe. cit. 
Icon. Diet, des Sciences Naturelles, L. p. 499. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair uniform reddish-brown. The Ears middle-sized, oval, 
slightly notched on their e.xternal margin. 
Inhabits 
The length of this animal, of which nothing further is known, is about 
three inches; the expansion of its wings eleven inches nearly. 
GENUS Viri. DICLIDURUS.— BOX-TAILED BATS. 
Sijn. Diclidurus Pr. Max. Reise Abbild Beitr. 
generic characters. 
membrane, which in its mesial part is festooned up in a deep semicircle- 
The tibim are very slender ; and the feet, the long muzzle, and upper 
part of the face, are black ; the membranes are of a dark flesh colour. 
The ears are short and broad, and overhang the eyes ; the fur is bushy, 
composed of fine long whitish hair, and tile arms are strong and long. 
This singular B.at was discovered by M. Freyreiss upon the cocoa-trees 
near Canavievns, at the mouth of the Rio Pardo, where it concealed itself 
during the day in the foliage of those majestic palms. Of its habits 
notliing has been ascertained. The specimen is in the Neuwied 
Museum. 
GENUS IX. NOCTILIO.— HARE-LIPPED BATS. 
St/n. Les Noctilions. — Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. . 
Noctilio. — Geoff. — Cuv. — Temm. et al. — Fteropus. ErxI. 
Vespebtilio (In part.) — Linn. Gmel. I. 
generic characters. 
The Head broad. The Muzzle short, swelling, cleft, and furnished 
with warts, or flesliy tubercles. 
The Nose confounded with the lips. The Nostrils almost tubular, 
approximated, prominent. 
The Ears small, lateral, isolated, with the auricular operculum placed 
interiorly. 
The Dental Formula 
14 
:28. 
ll-j-C-J-(2 F-j-3)M 14 
The Interfemoral Membrane very broad, projecting, entire, with 
two prominent obtuse angles. The Tail mostly enveloped in the mem- 
brane, but free at the point above. 
Inhabit South America. 
The Hare-lipped Bats have a short swelling muzzle, cleft like a 
Hare-lip, and furnished with warts and uncouth fleshy tubercles ; 
their ears are separate. They have four incisors above, and two 
below ; their tail is short, and free above the interfemoral mem- 
brane. 
1. NOCTILIO LEPORINUS — RUFOUS HARE-LIPPED BAT. 
The Head bro,ad. The Muzzle pointed. 
The Ears broad, inserted over the eyes. 
The Tail consisting of two corneous valves, moveable and hollow; 
the os coccyx entering the upper valve. 
The Interfemoral Membrane extending beneath and beyond the 
caudal valves. 
T” t‘+S;SS>Ji=32 i. .k. single spe. 
|d-j-C-l-(F-l-4)M ly 
cimen examined by Prince Maximilian. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
This genus consists at present of one species only. 
1. DICLIDURUS ALBUS — WHITE BOX-TAILED BAT. 
Syn. Diclidurus FaEYREtssii — Pr. Max. in Isis, 1819, p. 1C29, Reise, II. p. 
76. 
Diclidurus albos Ib. — Beitr. II. 242. 
Icon. Dicudurus albus Pr. Max. Abbild. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
Syn. Vesfertilio Lepohinus. — Linn. Grael. I. 47. 
Noctilio Americanus. — L inn. Syst. Nat. (Ed. 12,) 1. 88. 
Noctilio unicolor.— Pr. Max. Beitr. 11. 22.3 Desm. Mam. No. 
165. 
Noctilio ALBiVENTER, (young.) — Desm. Mam. No. 167. 
Noctilio dorsatu.s, — Pr. Max. Beitr. II. 218. 
Peruvian Bat. — Penn. Quadr. II. No. 500. — Shaw, Gen. Zool. I. 
139. 
Noctilio vittatus. — S chinz Thierr. I. 170. 
Icon. Vesfertilio Leforinus. — Schreb. Saiigth. pi. 60. 
Noctilio unicolor. — P r. Max. Abbild. 
Noctilio dorsatus. — Pr. Max. Abbild. (var.) 
Noctilio albiventer, (young.)— Spix, Sim. ct Vesp. Bras. pi. 35, fig. 
2 and 3. 
Noctilio rufus — Spix, Sim. et Vespert. Bras. pi. 35, fig. 1. 
specific characters. 
The Hair uniform reddish-yellow above, paler beneath. 
Inhabits South America. 
The Hair busby, long, and whitish. The Arms long and robust. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
The White Bo.x-Tailed B.it, the only one as yet referred to the 
genus Diclidurus, is in various particulars strikingly different from the 
nearest allied genera. Tlie most remarkable feature unquestionably is 
the tail, distinct from all other tails we have beard of. 
It is formed on the fallowing plan : The coccygeal bones run out 
jointed into two horny pieces, covered by the skin of tire body, thus 
forming a kind of bo.x out of the two capsules or valves taken together. 
The upjibr valve is shaped like a half moon, corneous, hollow, with 
somewhat of a protuberant and thickened edge, and hence in all respects 
is a hollow capsule. The lower valve smaller, somewhat triangular, 
pointed, applied horizontally against the upper, is likewise covered by the 
skin, and liollow. Both these corneous pieces are placed with their 
flattest surfaces horizontally ; they are capable of moving upwards or 
downwards, of separating from each other, and being closed or applied 
to the body through a particularly fine membrane at their base. The 
coccygeal bones proceed into the upper valve. 
The coat of the animal is white, and the box-like appendage is 'a 
deep black. The latter extends but a little way down the interfemoral 
VOL. It. 
Though this large and beautiful Bat lias been long known, there is by 
no means all the accuracy and satisfaction concerning its appearance and 
history which is desirable. The difference between the only British 
representation of the animal which exists (Shaw’s) and the foreign ones is 
so great, that they would never be taken for the same animal ; and the 
shades of colour given in tlie plates of Schrebor, and the albiventer and 
dorsatus of Prince Maximilian, are respectively pale straw coloured, light 
tobacco brown, and a very dark, almost black brown. Of its habits we 
have seen no account ; and no description equal to that of the accurate 
Azara, which we, therefore, embody in our pages. 
The celebrated Spaniard tells us he liad been in possession of many of 
these animals, and tliat they were strikingly similar to each other. He 
gives tlie length of the body at five inches, the tail one ; and the expanse 
across the wings scarcely two feet, whilst our English authorities make it of 
“ the size of a middling rat, and the c.xtent of the wings two feet five inches.” 
The fur underneath, says Azara, (Quad. Parag. II. 280,) is of the colour of 
pale Seville tobacco ; it is the same above, but mixed with brown, and along 
the back-bone there is a streak of a lighter colour. The interfemoral mem- 
brane originates as high up as the ankle, and the alar from the middle of the 
tibia;, a striking character in which most of tlie figures agree. The mem- 
p 
