26 
ORDER CHIROPTERA— GENUS PHYLLOSTOMA. 
shaped, and its shoulders seem covered with a short mantle. The 
hair of the entire body is soft, tolerably long, and plentiful, of a dark 
russet colour all over. The hair on the throat is greyish-brown, dark at 
the points. The under part of the body is lighter, tending more to a 
greyish-brown. These animals fly about the dense foliage of the forests, 
and towards the approach of night. The only known specimen was cap- 
tured by Prince Maximilian in his apartments near the Mucuvi in the 
Brazils. 
6. PHYLLOSTOMA JAMAICENSE — LEACH’S JAVELIN-BAT. 
Syn. Artmeus Jamaicensis. — Leach, in Linn. Trans. XIII. 75. 
Icon. PHYLLOSTOMA Jamaicense. — Horsf. in Zooh Journal, HI. 236, and pi. 
21, Suppl. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair greyish-brown above, lighter beneath, and blueish. 
The Nasal Afpesdages and Membranes nearly black. The sides of 
the nose without warts. 
Inhabits Jamaica and Cuba. 
This species was first described shortly, in the year 1820, by the late 
Dr Leach in Vol. XIII. of the Linnean Transactions as noted above, from 
a specimen sent him from Jamaica by a correspondent; and in the year 
1827, the well-known Naturalist, W. S. Macleay, Esq., sent another 
specimen to Dr Horsfield from the Havanuah, of which the Doctor sup- 
plied an excellent description in the Zoological Journal, after having com- 
pared it with the identical individual which had fallen into Dr Leach’s 
hands, and which had formed a part of Mr Brooke’s museum. 
The body of this Phyllostome is robust, and covered both above and 
beneath with long silky hairs of a very soft texture ; the colour of the body 
and head above is grey, inclining to brown, but without any tinge of yellow 
or red ; underneath it is paler and blueish ; the hairs above are darker at 
their extremity, so that the fur appears of darker and lighter shades, ac- 
cording to the position of the hairs, and underneath it has a silvery gloss 
on the surface. The wings, interfemoral membrane, and nasal appen- 
dages, are nearly black -, the ears are narrow, rounded, and somewhat 
lengthened ; the nose is covered at the sides with a soft down, through 
which a few bristly hairs are scattered ; its leaf is horizontally somewhat 
undulated, is acute towards the point, and marked in front with strim. 
Cf the four upper incisors the two lateral ones are smaller ; the lower 
are uniform in size, and regularly disposed. The interfemoral mem- 
brane is deeply excavated ; the toes are uniform in length and size, and 
have all the same direction ; the claws are partially covered by stiff pro- 
jecting bristles. The lower lip is surrounded with a regular row of warts, 
and “the mouth is provided internally with a narrow, fimbriated, cribri- 
form membrane.” The specimens examined by Dr Horsfield had an ex- 
pansion of the flying membranes, amounting to one foot and three inches ; 
and the entire length from the muzzle to the extremity of the interfemoral 
membrane is four inches and ten lines. 
7. PHYLLOSTOMA OBSCURUM — SOOTY J.WELIN-BAT. 
Syn. PHYLLOSTOMA OBSCURU.M. — Pr. Max. Beitr. 11. 203. 
Icon. Pr. Max. Abbild. 
SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. 
The Hair sooty-black above, ash-grey beneath. 
The Ears nearly ovate. The Auricular Operculum very small, 
rather broad. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
This specimen was found by Prince Maximilian at Villa Vigoza, on the 
river Peruhype. 
(B.) Tailed Javelin-Bats. 
8. PHYLLOSTOMA HASTATUM COMMON JAVELIN-BAT. 
Syn. Le Fer-de-LANCE — Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. 117. 
Vespertilio Hastatus. — Linn. Gmel. 
Icon. Phyu.losi'OMa HASTATUM.— Geoff. Ann. Mus. XV. pi. 11, (head.)— 
Pr. Max. Abbild. 
Buff. Hist. Nat. XII I. pi. 33.— copied in Schreb. pi. 46, B. 
Vespertilio perspicillatus. — Schreb. pi. 46, A. 
specific characters. 
The Hair varying from dark to light brown, sometimes tipped with 
grey. 
The Nasal Appendages smooth on the margins. The Tail wholly 
engaged in the interfemoral membrane. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
Buffon first described this Bat under the appellation of Fer.de-lance, 
from the resemblance of its nasal leaf to the head of a spear. This ap- 
pendage is undivided, without any ridge at its point, or any heel or pad ; 
the middle line is somewhat elevated, and its base is so narrow, that tlie 
leaf seems as if supported by a slender petal ; the liorse-shos, on the other 
hand, is broader than in any other species of the genus. It is a strong, 
robust-looking animal, largely endowed with membranes ; its extreme 
lengtli, including the head and membrane, is about seven inches, and 
breadth between nineteen and twenty inches. The fur is short, of a 
chestnut colour above, and fawn brown on the abdomen ; the membranes 
are reddish-brown, and the leaf, ears, and limbs, of a blackish-brown. 
The muzzle is short and broad ; the incisors regularly set between the 
canines, which are wide apart ; the ears are long, and project upwards ; 
a row of warts, in the form of the letter V, appears on the lower lip ; the 
tail, half an inch long, is all but completely enveloped in the interfemoral 
membrane, which is prolonged as far as the toes, and is abundant. 
9. PHYLLOSTOMA ELONGATUM SHORT-TAILED JAVELIN- 
BAT. 
Syn. et Icon. Le Phyllostome a feuille aixongEe, (Ph. elongatum.) — 
Geoff. Ann. Mus. XV. 185, pi. 9. 
PHYLLOSTOMA BRBVICAUDCM ? — Pr. Max. Abbild. 
SPECIFIC characters. 
The Hair reddisb-brown above, lighter beneath. 
The Nasal Appendage long, pointed, and entire. 
The Tail free at the point. 
Inhabits Brazil. 
It is to M. Geoffroy that we are likewise indebted for all our knowledge 
of this very remarkable-looking species. He found it in the Paris Mu- 
seum, and could learn nothing of its origin or history. This animal strik- 
ingly illustrates the superfluity of cutaneous texture with which this genus 
abounds ; the wings are most ample, and the interfemoral membrane a 
large parachute ; its lower margin springing at right angles from the 
ankles : the tail extends about one third of its length, and then perfor- 
ates it, not, as in the former species, on the inside, but on the outside. 
The nasal leaf of this species surpasses in length that of all the other 
known species ; it is terminated at its base by a sinuose border, and united 
in front with the horse-shoe, both being narrow at their junction. The 
ears are broad, striated, aud straight towards the point ; tlie operculum is 
notched as mentioned in the last species ; the muzzle is large and short, 
a regular row of warts appears on the under lip, ami the incisors are regiu- 
larly arranged. Its extreme length from the snout to the inferior extre- 
mity of the interfemoral membrane is about six inches ; its breadth across 
one foot four inches. 
10. PHYLLOSTOMA CRENULATUM — NOTCHED JAVELIN- 
BAT. 
Syn. Le Fer cr£nel£. — Cuv. Reg. Anim. I. 117. 
Icon. Phyllostome ensNELfi, (Ph. crenulatum.) — Geoff. Ann. Mus. XV. pi. 
10 . 
specific characters. 
The Nasal Appendage triangular, notched on the margin. 
The Tail free at the point. 
Inhabits South America. 
This species was first noticed by M. Geoffroy in the year 1810, and 
we are not aware that any further information has since been added to his 
short, but excellent description. The French Naturalist found a speci- 
men in the Paris Museum, and inferred that it came from South America. 
Its habits, accordingly, are quite unknown. 
The most marked peculiarities of this interesting species are the strik- 
ing indentations or notches upon the outside of the leaf of the nose and 
the projecting operculum of tlie ear, which at once attract attention on a 
front view of the animal, and from which it has received its specific name. 
Tlie leaf is, moreover, singular in these respects, that it is the only one 
known in which the edge is straight, not curved, but like an isosceles 
triangle, or a serrated halbert head, and does not spring from the horse- 
shoe. Its muzzle is short, thick, and obtuse: its lower lip is studded 
with warts ; its ears are broad, and nearly regularly oval j the tail extends 
more than half way down the interfemoral membrane ; and its point, for 
more than aline, is free from the membrane, projecting on the inner side. 
The body is stout, and about two inciies and a half long ; the head is an 
inch ; the ears ten lines, the leaf nearly six ; the extreme breadth from the 
tip of the one wing to that of the other thirteen inches, the tail eleven 
lines. 
