48 ORDER CHIROPTERA. 
wards the south than the north; it is also found in Germany and Hun- 
gary ; its sojourn is the trunks of trees, and it is said not to associate with 
its congeners. It is neatly the size of the Long-eared Bat, (No. 5,) but 
the ears are shorter, not united, and without a lobe ; the membranes, 
likewise, are quite naked, and the tip of the tail free. The muzzle is 
rather long, pointed, and naked, the odoriferous glands, very large and 
whitish, are oblong; the teeth very white. The fur is long and copious. 
The markings, in which the sexes agree, are reddish-brown above, and 
silvery white beneath : in the young, silvery-grey above, and shining 
white beneath ; the membranes are yellowish-brown and diaphanous ; 
the ears dull yellow. The entire length is between three and four 
inches, the width about eleven. — (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 50.) 
13. V. MURINUS THE MOUSE-EARED BAT. 
The Murinus of Linnaeus, Geoifroy, and many others, is the Myoth of 
Bechstein and Kuhl ; Pennant designated it the Common Bat of this coun- 
try in his Synopsis, not in his British Zoology, and, as we have already 
stated, the Pipistrelle is the most common amongst us, for the English 
name of the Murinus we translate Bechstein’s appellation. This Mouse- 
Eared Bat is, in fact, very rare in Britain, having been found only, we 
believe, in the gardens of the British Museum. Itis the largest, not only of 
British, but also of European species. Its face is nearly quite naked, the 
nostrils open laterally, 'and the upper lip overhangs on each side. The ears 
incline backward, are very distant, lobeless, perfectly oval, and naked ; tbe 
tragus shaped like the willow leaf, but broad at the base : the odoriferous 
glands are of a citron yellow colour. The fur is long, smooth, and bi- 
coloured throughout. The superior parts of the body are brownish-grey, 
reddish-grey, and pure grey, according to the age of the animal ; the hairs 
being black at the root ; all the inferior parts are pure white or yellowish- 
white, no difference occurring in the sexes. The entire length of the 
large animals is somewhat more than five inches, and the expanse nearly 
sixteen. T\\a adult of the first year, with the fur shorter, and rarer, es- 
pecially about the neck, and the markings less distinct, constitutes the 
Murinus of many modern authors. This animal is found in the temperate 
parts of Europe, and in North Africa. The female has usually two 
young ones, and they are not sociable ; they bite cruelly, not sparing one 
another ; they persecute the smaller kinds, and prefer a town to a country 
life ; they seldom show themselves till it is nearly dark — (Fig. in Bonap. 
Faun. Ital.) 
Second, European Bats, unknoicn in Britain. 
H. V. BRACHYOTOS.— THE SHORT-EARED BAT. 
This Short-eared Bat, not that of Pennant, (British Zoology,) was 
found dead in the streets of Abbeville by hi. Baillon, all of whose sub- 
sequent endeavours to discover another like it have been fruitless. Its 
forms are interesting, and have been detailed by M. Temminck in his mo- 
nograph. Its muzzle is obtuse and naked, its forehead depressed ; the 
ears are very small, much broader than high, triangular, about a line and 
a half ; tiie tragus is very short, obtuse, and hid under the fur ; the tail is 
short. The four upper incisors are in pairs ; there are four molars above 
and five below, pointed. The fur is soft, silky, and of medium length, of 
a very vivid fawn colour above, tbe root of the hairs at the same time 
being quite black ; the forehead, crown, nape, and upper part of the 
neck, marked with a broad black patch, the hair being shorter than else- 
where ; the muzzle is naked, as also the upper part of the ears, their base 
hid in the fur. The inferior parts are less red than the upper, but the 
roots of the hair are quite black. The membranes are naked, tail of 
medium length, and white. Length, two inches seven lines : expanse, 
seven and a half inches. 
15. V. SCHREIBERSII— SCHREIBERS’ BAF. 
This Bat was discovered by M. Schreibers in the subterranean cavi- 
ties of the mountains of Banat in Hungary, and is thus described by M. 
Kuhl. The head is small, the forehead elevated, the muzzle full ; the 
ears small, and shorter than the head, broad, strniglit, roundish at the 
point ; tragus lance-shaped. The fur of the superior parts is ash-grey, of 
the lower light grey, often yellowish-white ; the thumb-nail is white. 
Entire length, three and a half inches ; width, eleven ; the measurements, 
however, were taken from a single individual. 
16. V. LIMNOPHILUS.— THE NIGHT-BAT. 
The muzzle of this Bat is very short, broad, obtuse, and nearly wholly 
covered on both lips with long diverging radiating hairs; the ears of me- 
dium size, quite oval, with a lobe or prolongation forwards; the tragus is 
short, straight, broad, and rounded at the point; the tail short, its tip 
free; the interfemoral membrane supplied underneath with very fine hairs. 
The odoriferous glands are large, yellow, and placed above the eyes. 
■GENUS VESPERTILIO. 
The fur is soft and silky ; in the male, the superior parts of the body, and 
most of the sides of the neck, are mouse-coloured ; in the female, inclined 
to russet ; the chin, front of the neck, and inferior parts, are white at the 
point, and black at the base ; the abdomen pure white. The white tip 
of the hairs is prolonged according to the age of the individual. When 
a year old they are both indifferently clad, and are above of a dull brown 
colour, below bluish-black ; abdomen whitish. The total length is 
about four inches, width eleven. This species was introduced to notice 
by M. Temminck in his recent monography, and he accounts for its re- 
maining so long unknown from its habits, appearing only when the night 
has set in, and flying with extreme velocity. It flies generally also over 
the surface of the water near the overhanging trees and brushwood. It 
is common in Holland. 
17. V. ORSINIL— ORSINI’S BAT. 
To the Prince of Musignano we are indebted for our acquaintance 
with this Bat, which was found in the caverns of Mont Corno 8000 feet 
above the level of the sea. From its dental formula he proposed to form 
a new subgenus of it ; but from the great variability to which the teeth 
are subject, we deem it preferable, following M. Temminck, to main- 
tain it in a situation at once more simple and suitable. The head of this 
species is short and very globular ; the nose obtuse ; the nostrils approxi- 
mated ; the forehead prominent ; the eyes are hid under the fur, and are 
placed near the ears. These appendages are small, and nearly as broad 
as long, roundish, and more than a third shorter than the head ; though 
so wide apart, they are united by a membrane ; the tragus is slender, 
filiform, and one-half the size of the auricle. The mouth is cleft to 
the angle under the eye, and the face is clad with hair, which inclines up- 
wards. The wings are very long, the thumb-nail very small. The tail, 
which is'much longer than the body, is exceedingly stout, and envelop- 
ed in the membrane at its tip. The teeth are precisely the same as in 
the auritus. The fur is soft, cottony, abundant, and nearly of a uni- 
form colour over the body ; above it is of a matron brown, beneath of a 
light-grey. The entire length is four inches, two of them being occu- 
pied by the tail ; the extreme width thirteen. This animal is the Mini- 
optero dell' Orsini of the Prince (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 49.) 
18. V. CORNUTUS THE HORNED BAT. 
The Horned Bat is smaller than the long-eared, but the ears are pro- 
portionably longer, and the body smaller in comparison of the extent of 
wings. The muzzle is short, broad, and obtuse ; the nostrils somewhat 
tubular; the mouth large; the ears conic.al; one inch four lines long; 
precisely the length of the body, and united in front ; the tragus is half 
the length of the ear, lancet-shaped, and so disposed that the two look 
like a pair of ears. There is a fringe of fine hairs along the external 
edge of the interfemoral membrane. The fur is long and more abun- 
dant than in most other European species ; a white moustache orna- 
ments the lip. The superior parts are of a brownish-black colour, the 
lower bluish-black ; the abdomen appears bluish-grey, from the tips of 
the hair being white; the membranes are blackish. The length is three 
inches and one line, the breadth nine and a half inches, (Danish measure.) 
This species was discovered by the celebrated Naturalist Faber, who cap- 
tured an individual in Jutland. 
19. V. CAPACCINL— THE CAPACCINI BAT. 
The Prince of Musignano describes this new species, which was caught 
in Sicily, in nearly the following terms. The tragus is slender ; the 
thumb-nail large and strong ; the feet robust, enveloped in a [thick in- 
terfemoral membrane, weU clad, though not very extensive. Its head 
is laree, the muzzle conical and obtuse ; the eyes are almost tliree times 
nearer the ears than the nostrils ; the mouth is not remarkably large ; 
the ears are about once and a half longer than they are broad, and are 
about two-thirds the length of the head ; their form is oval lance shaped ; 
the muzzle and lips are supplied with scattered hairs, which are abun- 
dant between the eyes. There is a great gland under the chin. The 
interfemoral membrane is cut obliquely in form of a triangle, leaving the 
feet free, as is also the point of the tail ; it is clad, to half its extent, 
both above and below, with long hairs ; the feet also are covered witli 
hairs, which are white, as are the nails. The fur is soft and bushy, and 
of a cinnamon colour : the under parts are yellowish-rod ; the skin is red- 
dish-brown. The total length is three inches two lines, the breadth 
ten inches.— (Fig. in Bonap. lauii. Ital.) 
20. V. MEGAPODUS THE LARGE-FOOTED BAT. 
The habitat of this Bat is Sardinia, whence M. Cantraine has sent 
many specimens to Leyden. It is remarkable for its feet, which, like 
