8 
MUSEUM BULLETIN NO. 10. 
may have led to the designation of the other half by the name 
of one of its component clans. 
Similarly, among the Ponka, the Wajaje half corresponds 
to the Wajaje clan, the keepers of the sacred pipe; and among the 
Osage, the Tciju and Hayga divisions of one side, and the Wajaje 
divisions of the other correspond to clans with the. same name 
that are associated with important ceremonial-political functions. 
On the other hand, we have the fact that among the Kansa the 
names of the two large divisions are distinct from any of the 
clans in those divisions, and the same is true for the Tcjju 
division of the Ponka. If we correlate this last fact with the 
apparent absence of any association of important ceremonial 
or political functions with specific clans, the suggestion might 
be permitted that no incentive existed in the minds of these 
people for the clan becoming identified with the larger divisions. 
Among the Winnebago, the names for the divisions are quite 
different from those of the clans composing them, but at the 
present time the fact that the clan in each division has definite 
functions and powers has reacted on the interpretation of the 
social organization, and it is quite customary to refer to one 
half as huyk' or "Chiefs,” and to the other as " manqp'e ” or 
"Soldiers,” the latter name for the second phratry, however, not 
being common. 
In short, we have a right to see in all the facts mentioned 
indications of a possible historical development whose character- 
istics seem to lie in the identification of the name and function 
of an important clan with that of a much larger division. 
THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE WINNEBAGO. 
RELATION OF THE PRESENT TO PREVIOUS WINNEBAGO TYPES 
OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATION. 
The Winnebago social organization has long since broken 
down, but its details are still so well preserved in the minds of the 
older men, and particularly in the literature of the tribe, that no 
difficulty was experienced in reconstructing it. This recon- 
struction, however, does not enable us to determine the relation 
of the clan and dichotomous division to the distribution of the 
