42 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
[July i, 1891. 
var. A senop rf tia is put iu tlie toapot, the hoiling 
water fftan the snraovar is lurTu li upou it ; tlie itl{u^ion 
is instBP’ly ^ ourf-d iipoa glass tupihler, and a slice ef 
li num or a luinp of sugar is used as a flavoring by those 
who like it. I he majority of Ruwaiano use lu-iiher. At 
all the railway statiuiis, in all tho atreeta of the towus. 
at every hour ot the day sud night, “ tchai*' was to he 
bad, even though bo nd or bi er might be wanting, 
T e man in onr party who thought tea was only fit 
forold women and would not dtink it, learned, 
atter tiaying three rui les for a bottio of giuger ale 
and mailing himself ill with poor ooffto snd had 
water anil worse wine, to swallow the national t ever- 
Bg- without a grimace, and almost to hke “the cup 
wi ich cheers but not iuehriati a,’’ before he left the 
doniinicns of the Tsar. On the Siberian wharf, where 
the sturdy 'Partars were nnluadii g the myriads of 
harues which brcnght goods to iho fair, there were, 
he ides tbousauds and luonsands of chests of tea, bales 
of cotton by tho mile, henps of hidea and akins, 
carboys i t acid, casks of diicd fruit, and nionii- 
laius of iron from tho Ural. Wool is a great article of 
coinmeroe at Nijni — we saw enormens heaps ot tho 
fl ecoH of sheep, and in tho Bazaar some of the famous 
Ukraine wool. They have limber too, and stone, and 
liroi ze, and carts end all their separate parts, and in 
fine, nil tbiugs which men ran use, or wear, or eat, or 
driuk. Among these lastartirles were literal hills of 
wntermi loos. Every mail, w. man and child in some 
parts ot tho town si ern- d to be eating watermelons. 
(I mid a Southern nfgro have dropped into Nijiii during 
tho fa'r, he wi nid have thought himself m paradise, 
for the In ciaus fruit was everywhere, in heaps on the 
wharfs, at the markets, in wagons, and apparently in 
the bands and the mouths of most of the two humlrod 
thousand tt' angers who are taid to flock hither in 
August . — Jiditoriai Oorre>i>m(lence of the Hew York 
Observer. 
♦ 
0EYT.ON IMIOUUUE ESTIMATES AND 
fHOBAJJEE CROJ’S EOJl 1891. 
TipiA. 
Early in the year we endeavoured to collect eueh 
eatimates from the aeveral planting dislriota in 
reference to staple products as might enable ua 
to judge more acourately of the total outturns. But 
from certain— especially the larger — distriots, the re- 
turns were so imperfect as to make a compilation of 
them not worth the labour required. In other cases, 
wo were greatly olligsd to friends who put themselves 
to a good deal ot trouble to allord the required in- 
formation. Although therefore the ilgures are ot 
no use for enabling us to indicate a more correct 
estimate of tho total outturn for the island, yet the 
gentlemen concerned, and other district residents, 
may be interrsted in seeing the retnrns made up 
for certain districts some live to six months ago as 
a means of ooroparison with tho position and pros- 
pects at the present time. For instance we had 
oarefnl estimates compiled for tho North-eastern 
group of districts and the total crop of tea for 1891 
from Knlebtkka, Knuckles, Bangaln, Nitre Gave and 
Merianiahanuwara was given at 3 325 OflO lb. (Kcl - 
bokka 1,175,000; Knuckles floO.tOO ; K' ngala and 
the rest 1,200,000 lb.) Wesusutotif tho eslimates 
were to bo made up at present that the total would 
be neater 4 than 3 million lb. Matale East (with 
Lagtala), North ai.d West were put down for 
2,100 OtiO lb. ; but we were without full returns for 
Blkoi uwa, Hunaagiriya and the f r-'amed Valley 
included in Wattegaraa. It is the opinion of one 
who may almost he oallid an old “Ceylon tea 
planter'’ that the long “strath’’ or fuoeession of 
“ straths ” (valleys) from Matale to Feradeniya and 
thenoe np via Gampola to Nawalapitiya will 
prove to he tho riohest yielding portion of the coun- 
try in tea. The district of Dolosbage which always 
sued well in the palmy days of otilee, has also 
been one of the earliest to take up with tea which 
luxuriates in its climate and sod, so that the es- 
timate for this district alone at the beginning of 
the year (3,100 000 lb.) was nearly equal to the 
outturn frira the whole of the Norih eastn-n group 
of districts specitied. We suppose 4 millions lb. 
would be about the estimate for Doloebsge, Eadu- 
gannana end Alagala, but this is doubtlees below 
the mark row. Eaitberup, while wo got 1,000,000 lb. 
for Kolmale and 2 200,000 lb. for Lower Dikoya, 
we were lift to conjecture Ambagamnwa at about 
1.200,100 and for Yakdessa some 000.000 more, 
making tor this group, a total of about 6,000,000 lb! 
If we now go to tho Far East, we get the crop 
for Hewaheta Upper estimated so closely as 814,000 
lb. and Ilewsbeta Lower 613,000 lb., while for 
Hantane our return is imperfect but, we suppoee 
the total will bo about a million lb., while Nilambe 
is placed at 900.000, Gallaha Factory serving 
several estates in this quarter oannot be putting 
through this year less than half-a million lb. We 
thus have 8,300,000 lb. for the Eastern group. 
For PuBBiliawa, Bamboda and I’uni.aluoya cur 
telutns in estimates were very imperleot, so that 
onr reckoning of an outturn of about 2 million lb. 
of tea can only to considered approximate. We 
omitted while in tho North, )o credit 120 0(10 lb. to 
Kurunegala, and if we add million for Uunas- 
giriya and “ straths ” not oiherwise counted, the 
grand total for country between Matale and Ham- 
boda and Hewaheta, and Yakdessa, breomea very 
nearly 22,000,000 lb. or probably above one-third of 
tho total ixport from the island for tho year. 
Aboxe we give estimates (or all the Northern 
and what may be called the Midland districts, and 
we made the total outturn this year ns nearly as 
possible 22 million rb. for all the country 
txiending from Matale to Rambcda and from 
Hewnheta to Yakdessa. Now if we turn to the 
three extensive h gher districts— Dimbula, Dikoya, 
and Maskfcliya — vu ftnd, curiously enough, that 
our reckoning cf the aggregate crops of all three 
divisions, comes singularly m ar the above result 
for the older distriots. In Jnly 1888, these three, 
distriots were returned as having 57,000 acres of 
tea planted, and between that date and July 1890, 
the addition to the planted area was 18,000 acres! 
Altogether, then, we cannot put the tea crops of 
the three distriots for 1891 at less than 19,500,000 lb 
while they may amount to 22 million lb. We 
have next the Nuwaia Eliya division which 
may be said to inolude Maturata, Udapnssellawa, 
Kandapola, New Galway and Nuwara Eliya itself! 
For Maturata our estimate is a crop of froin 
900,000 to tho round million lb.; for U la- 
pussellawa we get about 1,300,000; for New 
Galway about 100,000 lb.; Nuwara Eliya and 
Kandapola say 730,000 lb., making a total of very 
nearly 3 million lb. If we now go to Uva proper, 
but shorn of Its outlying divisions of Uaapus- 
ee.lBwa and New Galway, our estimates — furnisbed 
very kindly by competent local residents who took 
a good deal of trouble to oorapleto them, run : — 
Hapntale 1,386,000 lb. Ten. 
Madulsinia & 
Ilewa Jiliya . . 660, (K)0 
Monarugala . . 17 (kk) 
To these we imvo to add 'for Usputale 
West, say JoO.OOO lb., and for Badulla which we 
are me ined to put down, in correspondence with 
the above, at a little over one million lb., but 
suepeot that all these estimates will prove well on 
the safe side and that the aggregate from Uva 
this year cannot be less than 3J million lb. 
