August i, 1891.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST, 
125 
of each place, peeing I do not possess the information. 
Iq a general way 1 note any changes taking place 
when parsing along the road^ and nothing very atri- 
king has btoo done in Kalupshana to call for a fresh 
description einoo the lust was written. I see a new 
factory on Callender, and another on West Hapuiale. 
The open land has been gradually put into tea as the 
proprietors gained oonddonoet while they lost faith 
in coffee and cinchona. The toa when pUnted seems 
to take * or so longer to give a return than 
down ID Dimbnls. but when once it takes a grip 
of the soil, it holds its own against all enemies, of wind, 
^r* and rather likes lad usage. The bushes 
after 4 yearsl growth nr© stronger than common, 
Q nAA yield good rosults. Of the 
K 4 acroi sold in ISSO, five blocks wore entirely 
abandoned several years ago, after much outlay in 
folding and building for cinchona estate e. The 
whole is now grown np in jungle, and nothing to be 
^en except the roofs of de'>erted bungalows, or lines. 
An expenditure of a few rnpees an acre would clear 
the small jungle, and the land is there ready roaded 
tor tea if the proprietors oared to begin again, hut no 
°*^*^**.*?u” hurry to return. The original losi of 
oapjtal has much to do with checking progress, and it 
points to the formation of a company in which the 
owners of unopened land would taka shares. Several 
J ockfl were never felled, and c^innot he called aban- 
^ land is still unplaiiied, or at least 
e easiest lay of the land. The cinchona on some of 
?? 1 well had the average price 
r bark not fallen below a sbiUing a lb., but the culti- 
you Will not pfiy of i'self at oiirr^'nt rates. 
After so many disappoiotmonts the proprietors want 
stimulus in Hjme sha|)e ; nud I think Government 
miles of a cart road from a sUtion 
ffift Kalupahana bridle road at about 
o h BulepoBt where I understand it can bo made 
*aay gradient. The bnd would gladly bo given 
f^overnmenfe will do the rest without asking 
ything from the planters. The nativos at well as 
*0 ^*'6 the railway ; and a road of 
must be made there, as well an iu all 
irootions whore a station is sltnatod. It will he said 
^re iH not enough produce to require a cart roa 1 
yet until more laud h brought inm cultivation, 
♦K *** more through lh« misfortune than 
'be fftuit of the proprietors, who paid to Govern- 
'b'snt B180.000 eleven years ago, and who hope yetlo 
jnnke something out of their properties. There is land 
j J"® ®*P»ble of producing yearly one million poum’s 
n high class t-a, if the railway can be male easy 
o acoerg. It within half a mile of the vallev, 
n nnleas there if) « rutd nude to tin 
on the line, itwill be of uo benefit to 
ur. estates and tho produce wiU find i i 
y to Colotubo by Ratnipura at a cheaper rate thua 
>* back to the lUputelo paw. 
[We certainly think Government shoulJ mala 
6 Phort ooDneoting road referred to— a truly 1 1 - 
l«oduotive work to thorn.— Ed. T. a ] 
JAPAN AND CALIFORNIA. 
P”^*'eged to copy from a letter of 
as foPowr— Eu^V‘'® °* ‘•Whitochapel Vioai” 
** ®'’ piolurepquB 
Ip- “ ia not EoRteru at .,11 io 
the aen.6 m which ludi, and China are Kastern. It 
1. a unique fo.ail»Uttlod into lifu by the vision of t .e 
Holy Grail of VVe.tern ideaa and Jdeala which it ia 
Th'te ''.r'"" " , »“•> PtSsiOU.Ie 6nlhU8i,6M. 
an^T biautifu. 
ih« 7nn *1 more imprcB.vive aiirhtB th ii 
'dero^**? ^ f'ooB of the Tokio uii- 
dergraduatcB aB they hston.., to the Vicar toiliuK th.m 
of the poor and how they could help them 
“ he. ""t yot arrived with uV'-one a.id - 
.ho "'ll with our notion soon ond 
t^meet"'it'^“ We h 
t. We bad a very interestiug time, and 
instead of taking a travelling servant interpreter, we 
invited ohe of the Uuiveruly students to be our guest 
and interpreter. In this way we learnt much of tho 
edneated thought of young Japan. 
Here, in Oallfornia, there is much to make one sad. 
At every turn and corner one is cheated. Large firms 
lending Ihdmdelves to lion and sharp praoliors that 
could bo expacted only from strsot hawkers at home. 
From the oarmau who cheats you in your change 
to this country’s ''Oook ” who dodges you, expect- 
ing your ignorance of Americau geography, they all 
sw ndle you, and if you compUiu to what one would hope 
to be batter Glass people, they say Wa-e-ll I gne.sa it 
sharpens ver wiU to have to look after yourself. You 
won't catch our young folk napping in this country 
sud you don’t ; but you do find them without trust 
in each other, aud I think tho great verse might be 
with truth transposed, so as to read “ He who cannot 
trust his brother whom ho has seen, how can ho 
trust God whom he has not seen.'* But the country 
1.4 wonderful. Miles and miles and miles of land— 
lovelv, fertile, w-ioded, watered— ready to yield abun- 
dantly at man’s merest touch. 
SOUTIIWAKD 
HO!— IX 
AVALKS. 
NEW SOUTH 
The Strike — B io FiURg — F ruit-orowivq at Parra- 
matta. 
Kollyville, N. S. W., I2th June 1891. 
Since my last letter we have had some stirring 
iiLoiiH in Sydney and in other seaport towns itj con- 
sequence of tho great maritime strike, which ex- 
tended to the coal miners, sheep shearers, trolly oud 
van drivers etc., etc. This foolish strike continued 
for 77 days and cost over 100.000 men in loss of wages 
and some three million ptunds streJing, the ship, 
owners and other employers of labor losing another 
two millions, making a total loss in money alone of 
70i miUlons of rupees ! During these 79 days the 
public were subjected to much icicouvenienoe aud 
annoyance, the local trade being almost paralyzed. 
Most of the local shipowners wore obliged to lay up 
their vessels and tho few that did run were officered by 
spare captains (the Only oluss not out on strike) aud 
nianned by seasick landsmen. It is a matter 
of history now that tho men wore bcatou 
all along the Hue, the fact being that lharo 
was no reason whatever for the movement. Some 
question as to whether or not mates and other officers 
should join the Trades Union. The msn colled out 
were satisfied with their wages, their hours aud thoir 
employers. They bliudly ohoyed their loaders, a 
thing they are not likely to do again in a hurry. 
During tho progress of Ihie strike Sy Iney was like a 
city iu n state of civil war. Large parties of moonted 
troopers (reguiara and speoiaH) foutlnaally pairolled 
the streets, and over 3,001) geutlomeu acted ss special 
c>D^tabkB. in otnMjqneuce of these precautions uwi- 
Union men were enabled to attend to their work 
and peace was preserved. 
Then again we have had a great fire, when banks, 
olub-housGS and many places of basiiiess were deslroyed 
at a loss of some miliious sterling. The bnildings were 
too high for the firemou to do much in the way of ex- 
tinguishing the flsmes. The shafts of the various 
lifts used iu such monster buildings became so 
many vast chimneys to druw up the fismes, 
and no power coull overcome buch fire under such 
couditious. A law is to b‘^ brought iu limiting the 
tieight of city buildings to seven or eight atorios 
instead of 10, 11 and 12 stories which is now the rule. 
Later in tho ytar (hero w»s another fire. I happened to 
be in Sydney at the time, aud it was the grandest sight 
1 have ever witueftisi*cl. A store containing 35 thoasand 
oases of kcrosino oil (just lauded) took fire and for 
some three or four.ho ir« bUxed away fnriouslv TIia 
llames fed by 280.000 gillons of kerosine reachad 
H luiisl.t of fully iiOO loot, nod .s Uyec after layer of 
CBSBB wa» rosebud by tUo fire the flamos would shoot uu 
atresb .ocompauu d by loud eiplotion. as the tins of 
burniuR 0.1 ««.o shot np ...to the air. The waters of 
that part of the harbour were at times one eheot of 
