264 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST, 
[October i, 1891. 
I 
the United Kingdom took 1,081,837 lb, and this year | 
up to date, no less than 397,803 lb, have gone direct ’ 
to London from total exportH aggregating 725,018 lb. 
In view of the downward tendency of finer sorts, 
the advice of Agents in London ia sound, that extra 
expense should not ho incurred iii the manufaclnro 
of fine qualities. Hut such are the exigencies of tr de, i 
that it ia reported from the principal districts that, ^ 
while old rates still rule, advan'cea to peelers were 
never higher! The luauufacturo is in the Inuids of 
a caste ; the lower the profits, tlie more anxious are 
Proprietors not to lose the season, and thereby i-art 
of their crop* there is a rush for peelers, and these 
del ght to commence their labours in debt; and moat 
proprietors will that it should be so!— Local 
Examiner,” 
Java CiNonoNA Dividend. — The dividend of the 
Java Cinchona Company K^rtamanab ” for 1800 
91 has been fixed at 11 p^r cent. The Ktrta- 
manah estate is one of av rage size. Ls yield 
has inoreasfd from 80 to 155 tons in three spaaona 
and the bark it produces averacesfr un 4Jto6 per 
cent, quinine Biilphate . — Cheniut and Druggist, 
The Colony ok the Leewaku Islands. — The tex** 
of Mr. Morris’s lecture on these islands has just been 
printed in the journal of the Koyal (’olonial Institute, 
it comprises a dc'-cription of the natural fo«tures 
of tho islands and their agricultural resources. As 
in the case of agriculturists nearer homo, tho 
colonists have nmnifeatod a tendency to put all 
their eggs into one basket, and with more or less 
disastrous results. Thanks to the initiative of Kow, 
and the energy of Mr. Morris, botanical ” stations, 
which should rather bo called agricuUui’al stations, 
have been instituted for tho purpose of introducing 
and distributing tropical and oth r plants likely to 
be of economic importance and suitable for cultiv- 
ation in p-rticular districts such as Coffee, Tea, 
Caoutchouc in various forms, Cinchona, spices, fibre* 
plants, and so on A great federation of botanical 
and agrioulturftl stations, with Kew ns tho centre, 
has been tlio ideal of successive directors, and now 
the ideal ia being realised. Perhaps in tho future 
the West India Islands, or otlier suitable localities 
may he utilised as nurser es for Orchids an ■ otlier 
tropical plants, whence tho home market may be 
supplied somewhat as the propagating honscs at 
Kew fuvnisli the decorative plants for tho show 
houses.— Chronicle. 
The WebiAfkioan Cinchona Plantations.— From 
time to time parcels of Wmt African oinohena 
are placed on our market, but the extent of the 
plantations in the island of File Tin me, where 
the bark is grown, is generally believed to be very 
small. That view seems to be incorr. ot. In Idbil 
planting commenced in tho island, and einis that 
time two millions and a half trees have been 
planted in several plantations. The totsl exports 
from the island in 1890 amounted to 31.4.'15 kilos., 
but a much larcor export ia a' tioipaiod in the 
future. The four pincipal plantation owners, 
with a view to obtain a better return for their 
money than they receive on the London market, are 
reported to have eetablished a quinii e-tuotory near 
Lisbon which was to have comm> nerd o,,erationB 
in May of this year, but doee not appear to bi 
working as ycL Pr''P''' 0 'or 8 own 
1 800 100 trees between them. The planters ere 
endeavouring to obtain knowledge ot a prooes, 
which will enable th-m to export, m 'he plao 
of bark, a luiuor oon.ainmg from 25 to 30 per 
cent, of quinine, to he refined m Europe, bueb 
a prnoesB would elf ot a saving in freight, Ac., 
of about *203. per owt. on tho liquor ex por.ed, ami 
enable the growers lo ranko use of poor barks, wUn h 
it does not p.y hem to ship at present.— O/iemiit 
Tub Govehnment of Pasmaniii lias created a De- 
partmeui for cimservii'g the Crowo forests which 
cover over 16,000,000 acres, and pr >mifjc to bo v- ry 
valuable. The gum trees aru th ^ moat common, and 
romo are of gn a' An L-laph hluo guro 330 feet 
hij»h ha*< been ub'eived, and there is cdo called **Lidy 
Fi- iklin’s T’Ce” near Hobart T*iwn which measures 
107 feet in g'rth, a few iVob from tho ground. The 
‘•peppermint” tree, another gum also grows to a 
gr«ivt n't tnde, e-peoi lilv m the bumi 1 valleys of tho 
is>H.nd.— Agriculturist. Anir. 8th. 
A Simple Uemedv kor «'aubage CA'fERPiLLAKis.— 
Au iild an , . xp n C;.i ardunet toils us tnat ht«iu* 
variable rotnrdy f ir dt-btto^ing tuo caiorpillar is 
boil ng waier. S<» *oon they comm*tnort their 
work ot dostrU' t»on ho fids h large keltlo with 
wa er and he* 8 it to boiling. Then t j-kiug a w>iteving- 
ciui with a fir 0 hose he pr< o o -s to wat r tho 
plati*R wi h tho biiidng water. Tbis kills the c*»er- 
pilkrs, and th»t witliuut iiiju y p’an’s and 
w itbout f« ar ef l o’fidbirig the nilora '-f th» ca *1 ages* 
a I'angir t'^o of?tn nttemlaut upon the UH'iitf fif 
p i.‘OtiouH in xtiire** or powders. Wo knew the ge.. tie- 
muu woo pivort 'Ida remedy to be potfectly 
r> li»t' 1 -.^Hovihcni PlunUr, 
When we a. t * h< ' w<’ < ith< r put a littlo Bulphuo 
or pulverised tob cco in the uest to ke p ve»min olY 
th'‘ bon When the chickens ato h tc' ed Uiov are 
fed O i i^lu i.rr'id crumb- s aked iu nnlk , a* they 
gri w Oder we hako bread fir them ou .f Grahnm 
or short.s, tak'i.g ho suno p^n- i- have t I g’ht 
that, wo won il if it were • ako 1 lor tainily u-e. 
As they gro »• older we mix f-oakrd wheat with 
tin-ir I. e l. When ’hey first como cdl tho » ost wo 
rub a siuafi qua <»ity (d a and gr(Ml^o on th bresst 
of the lu n. I bo yum g chickene t om-ugh of 
it ou them to k>* p < ff he v*Tinin.— C/D'cwif/e, 
Vegetation of UitfOUAY. — M. E . Andre recently 
addressed tho Mombors of the French Acclimati- 
sation Society on tlio results of his « olanical rc- 
searcliea in Uruguay. In i lanting the » arks of 
Monte Video, M." Andre has very wisely determined 
to avail himself largely of the native vegetation. 
There wil n t bo much difficulty in finding suitable 
subjects, for taking a few of tho plants mentioned 
in M. Andre’s letter promiscuouHly, we find the 
Pampas Cirass, the giant Eryngiums, V rbonas, 
Petunias, gigantic Thistles, Lucuma, Engenias, Till- 
andsias, I^alms (Cocos australlsj, Calliandra, various 
Laurels, Erythrina, and very many other suitable 
plants. Wliat a pity it eeins that our Indian and 
Colonial friends do not follow M. Andre’ pl ii of 
utilising and develoi ing iheresources offerenby tho 
native fiora, instead of endoavourii-g to reproduce 
under unfavourable condition^, the gardens and flower- 
shows of Europe, — (lardeuers' Chronicle, 
'The IlRP RT on t^a and coft'.'P ouUivstioii in Heogal 
iT ■'ir'*/ tie pa t ^Oiir gives the f llow iig particulars: 
— Th re tr..ro 416 plaulatioDa during tho your as 
h.a,’i ’ a 399 in 1889. Tho t dal are* under tea was 
85.203 aer^•^ a.:i*i. pt 79,006 acres in tho preceding year- 
But while ’h * numb r ol plan ations and the area 
u 'der tea show incria^ee, tho •>utlurn of tea and the 
Hvera e y eld per ere boffi .^how a iHlling of comparod 
wiih 18‘^9. Til outturn was 24,923,269 lb. against 
‘J.*) 989,423 i' 1889, and the avenigo yield per aero 
354*8 I . {tjiaii.9*. 375 47 lb. in 1889 The Rfj-h ihye 
D.vi>l n heads hi- Ji t with 350 gard ns Ohuta Noppur 
c.i ines •'♦xt with 35. Ohittagoug has 25, and Dacca 6. 
In Durj 1 » g the ouituru o’ tt c year in moat gardens 
vv 8 bflow tho hvirage owir.g to drought at tho 
licgini iug pf a#ason and excessive rainfall ai d w«nt 
o\ f.un«bine in H.e mid“le. Owi p to the i fluenza 
1 pidenfc the year wi;!* v ry unboabhy for th*- coolie?. 
In Ja paiguri the hjh id pl nt is most common, 
iboukh in <1 fow giir.b TiH the China p nut mny bo 
se^^n. The iudigen- ^\^ 0 od from Manipur xnd ANsam 
is cuDsIdered the b- fct in th's di^iiriot. Lobarilaga is 
the only district in E ngal which cul*ivat«8 iho 
coffee plniJ , hut it prnlu -ed 10 ceffoe during ti e ymtr. 
Tuf on y pro- Iu lion of the year was 120 lb., which 
WHS turn d out iu the Hill Tracts of Chittagong.— 
Madras Times* 
