326 
THE TROPICJVL AORIOULTURIST. 
[November 2, 1891. 
be picked off hy Inud aud destroyed. They are 
most abuodaut iu January, but I have taken it 
full growu iu Deceiaber, and seen the perfect insect at 
several different periods of the year. 
The scale insect coiumouly called black blight {Leca* 
nium ccfieae) U also very injurious at times cspeciallvto 
weak plaute. It way be destroyed by tlio application of 
pheuyi, diluted with water till it ia of the consifitenoe 
of milk or by shaking powdered lime over the loaves 
with a flower dredger. Phenyl water ran bo sppli^-d 
with aid of a sqnirt of bumbuo, or on ordinary syriDge. 
Many of the Boale-ioteots aro protected from mu^t 
liquids suUuble for killing them without iujurytothe 
plants, by the waxy secretion with which they are 
covered, which proveuta the Iquid actually touching 
the insect's body, but phenyl will penttrato the wax 
and attack tho antuia). Q'he pht^nyl should bo poured 
into the water and alirred up till it nsauines tho appear* 
anoe of good white mdk. A Ucrohine eiuulBiou is 
recommciidcd by tto Editor of “Notes ou ludirvu 
Insect pfsts," vol. i. p. 7. ‘ An emuhion resembliug 
butter OSD be produced in a few miuutee by churuiog 
with a force puntp two parts of kcroaine with one part 
of sour milk or soup solution in a pail, emulsions made 
with soap solutions being generally found to be mure 
effective. The liquids flboutd be at about blood boat. 
This emulsion may be diluted with from nine to 
fifty parts of water which shculd bo thoroughly mixed 
with one part of the emulsion. Tho strength of 
the dilution must vary according to the nature of the 
insect to be dealt with a'4 well >ia the nature of the 
plant, but finely sprayed in twelve parts of tho water to 
ouH of the emulHiou it will kill most iust c's without 
injury to the pUnts. It should be applied through a 
spray nozzle. 
Tbc white or mealy bug {PseudococcMa adonidiim) is 
not as common here, but is also injurious. It ahould 
be treated iu the samo way. 
1 have received some specimens of coffeo branches 
attacked by a fungus from Johoro, This is quite adiffe* 
rent kind to the hemileia. It seems to invade th<) ark 
of the branches filling them with n white mycelium and 
eventually forming a ffokh'coluured urtist on the outside 
of the twigs, which are then become black and rotten. 
It appears to be rather ounsequenton tho death of the 
twigs from some oUur cause, and though it might 
perhaps spread a little to boslthy parts is not much to 
be feared. It generally appears where the bushes a re 
very crowded, and where the branches overlap, er where 
the locality is very dump, Tlio dying and infected 
branches should be cut off and burned. 
Mr. Ridloy says nothing of a pest only lees des- 
tructive than JUmileia vaitatnx, viz. the white grub, 
which eats the feodtug rootlets of Arabian coffee. 
KXl*OUTS OF OOFFKK AND I'ElTEll 
FROM TII 1^: \V FST COA8T. 
Elsewhere we publish Alessra. Ahton Ljw & Uo.'s 
very intorestiug Btatement of tho exports of coffee 
and pepper from the West Coast during tho twelve 
mouths ending 30th June, 18UI. Coffee and pepper 
form the chief staples of trade at Tfllioberry and 
Calicut, and on tho extent of these crops tho 
prespeots of business may bo said to hinge, n m # 
Theeo figures show very clearly that it was not 
without some show of reasem that tho cry went up 
early in the year that *• Arabia " was played out* 
At Calicut, the part of shipment for Wyiiaad, the 
Nelliompsthies, Naduvatlum and part of the Nilgiris. 
tho exports of plantation dropped from 38,800 owt 
to 20,742 owt. or by not far short of 50 per cent. 
Such a serious decrease may well have caused people 
to lake the gloomiest view, for, if we are correctly 
informed, it is unprecedented in the history d ihe 
coffee industry in Southern India and ominously like 
what happered in Cvylon in tho seveuties. Tlie presmt 
season, wo ate glad to say, has removed all doubt about 
coffee dying out inWytiaaJ, and the latest reports to 
band tell of fair crops generally, and in some 
districts of first rate ones. Further, as iu Mysore, 
new land is being cleared and pul under cultivation. 
Of course when dealing with Wynaad, it must be 
borne iu mind that coffee is only one of tho products 
cultivated iu that district, and last year the return 
from cinch jnn < q»iuUed if not exceoded the return 
from the berry, h'roin Ri-yporo coffee Irom the 
Ouchtorlony Valley and the Nilgiris is shipped, and 
ht re we find that although the ♦■xports ot nlantaiiou 
cofh e were 8,800 cwt. below 1889-90, and 'they were 
only exceeded by 330 cwt, iu 1889-90, which shows 
that ill those districts tho sia-^on was not 
abnormally bad, Rtill it is a torrible falling off from 
the 38,000 cwt. which were exported in 1886-87 and 
1887-88.^ Tnining to the northern ports, wo find 
®'!' tliero wua a steady and serious 
diminution in the amount of plantation shipped 
sincQ 1887-88, when it totalled 36,000 cwt. IJoth 
that season and in lH8r).80 some 10 (K)0 cwt. found 
its w’ay to this Malabar town, to be cured, which, if 
crops had been smaller, would have gone toHunsiir 
so that TelUchorry ahipmenti cannot bo looked 
on as a fair criterion of the crops in South Coorg 
during thn past six years. Siatiaiics from the Ounng 
Works at Hutiaur and Rangsloro are nocepsary to com- 
plete them. Comiug to Mangalore we find nothing that 
calls for unfavourable comment. Tliis scsBom was tho 
altornaioono in which, in the natural order of things 
there should be a small crop, and it is iu excess of that 
of 1886-87 and only 60 tons behind 1888.89. After a 
small yield in the previons year, it might I'ave been ex' 
pected that a largo one would result, but judging from 
Messrs. Alston Low Oo.’s remarks, the order is to be 
maiidttinod ami 1891-92 is to see the big crop. 
Thewor*t. portion in thefc etatiatics in the serions 
diuiinutiou in the exports of iiativo coffee from Ttlli- 
cherry, which U not iu any wny compensated by an in- 
crease at any other port. Hitherto tho soasous hive not 
affected native gardtiie in the same way as tliey havo 
done tho plaiUatiODs of EuropcAU'', and this tremeir 
dous drop ol 12, Out) owts. muKt be tikou as evideuefl 
either that a largo amount of imtivo coffee hus 
died out, or that loiif-direapo has taken a firm hold ©o 
tho native gardous, and native crops henceforth will be 
us varittblo as plautatiou. Popper, like native coffee, 
IS almost entirely cultivated in native gardens, although 
It IB attracting ibe attontioii of Kuropcans more and 
more every year. Tellicht rry is facile pinneepa tlie cliiof 
mart of this produce, exporting 83.00U cwt., of which 
by the way it impurlod no less than l2,Gf)f) cwt. Wo 
would here draw tb« attontiou of the ruilw’ay authori- 
ties tj iinporla of coffee and popper into Tcllioherry, » 
port which hai no particular facilities cither for 
shipping or wareheusing, but merely posscsacs wealth 
ami enterprise, and if these qualities enable it 
to iiuport from other eea coast towns by country 
craft 3G.(X)0 cwt of produce during a dull aUck 
season such eg that of 1S90-189I, wo can without 
the h aat hesitation afiiim that if it woio oonueotod 
hy railway with ihe interior it would very eliortiy 
work up a trade that would he only second to that 
of the 1 residency town. While mort of the townfl 
shipped tboir pepper to Rombay af:d other Indian ports 
lelicherry^ supplied the couliuoutsl mart, France 
taking 57.;)00 cwt. through Havre an I Marseill©''- 
L» )mloii. It will be seen, only imported 2,860 cwt. 
pepper, tor it is a curious fact that while the Eng- 
lieh taste demands tho finest quality < r coffee, it pre- 
fers the inferior gr.tdee of pepper, which ihn Straits 
Spttlenunts supply. Out of the 64,7U0 owt. of native 
cuffoo hhipped from TelUchorry, Franco look GO, 006 
cwt. Refoie conduding this hasty leview ol iheso 
luteri'Bting statisticp, we may immtion tliaft the value 
of the coffoe msy bo set ilowa at lO.GA lakhs and 
the vs lie of tho pepper at 30 lakhs.— J/rtdw.v 'I'mea, 
Oct. bth. 
llAUTEVTLLli FACTORY. 
, Abbolsford, Nanuoya, Got. 12th. 
When I wrote about the Oarlabook factory the 
other day, {gee page 321) I had not been to Hautevill©! 
and now I must say, without any depreciation of tho 
former, the latter will take a lotto boat. It has been 
erectod under the other (Wi R.) Jackson’s auporin* 
