THE TROWCAL ACiRICULTURlST. 
December i, 1891.] 
405 
CULTIVATION DURING 1890-1891 IN THE 
MADRAS PRESIDENCY. 
The total extent of enltivation, both of ryotwaii and 
iuam landa, in the Madras Presidency durinf; the year 
18'J0-91 aggregated 26,070,494 acres, against 26,118,917 
acres in 1889-90, thus falling below the extent of the 
previona year only by 48,433 acres, or 0'19 per cent. 
The acreage under first crop ahowa a decrease bat that 
under second crop an increase, as fallows : — 
1889-90. 
1st Crop. 
llyotwar ..18,936,316 
Inam , . 4,860,685 
2nd Crop. 
Kyotwar , . 2,033,918 
Iuam . . 288.098 
Per- 
1890-91. Diffe- cent- 
renoe. age. 
18,840,313 min. 96,005 min. 0-51 
4,836,943 „ 23,642 „ 0-49 
209,448 plas 55,530 plus 2'73 
303,790 „ 15,692 „ 6-45 
Total. .26,118,917 26,070,494 min. 48,423 min. 0 19 
The decrease under first crop was due mainly to the 
unfavourable churaoter of the season in almost half 
of the Presidency, and the increase under second 
crop to the favourable North-East mnneoon in 
Kistna, South Arcot, Salom and Trichinopoly. The 
decrease under first crop occurred chiefly in — 
Anautapur of 84.200 acres, Ondapah 02,700 acres, 
North Arcot 23,900 acres, Cbiugleput 12,403 acres, 
Madura 28 acres, Tiunovelly 39,300 acres, Coim- 
batore 18,000 acres, and Ganjam 24,300 acres. But, 
to counterbalance this large decrease, the disicicta 
of Vizagapatam, Kistna, Nellore, Bollary, Kurnool, 
South Aroot, Tanjore, Trichinopoly, Nilgiris, and 
Malabar, showed an increase ranging from 0-15 per 
cent in Nellore to 8-77 per cent in Vizagapatam. This 
large increase in Vizagapatam is mainly nttribntable 
to the introdnotioD of tho survey area, and also to the 
very favourable character of the season. In Nellore 
it was due to the fact that the ryots oultivated a 
greater extent of laud than on the previous year in 
expectation of a favourable monsoon, but iu this they 
wero sadly disappointed. Malabar shows an inorcaso 
ohli-ny in Wyuaad, where, since the settlement, when 
a charge on occupation was substituted for one on 
supposed cultivation, efforts arc being made by the 
ryots to extend ciiliivation as far as possible. Con- 
sidering the oharacter of the year under question and 
the failure of rains in so many parts of the Presi- 
dency, these returns must be looked on as very satis- 
factory . — Madras Times, Oct. 22. 
A NEW .JAPANESE TEA ASSOCIATION. 
The fatn of the last association of tea-merchsuts 
tho Seicha-gaisha, baa not proved deterrent. Another 
society, the Nippon Seiclia (iikai, has now been 
formed, in Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto, Shiga, Toyama. aud 
other western districts. A meeting of projectors was 
hold on the 4th iuat. in Kobe, and tho following attioles 
el association are said to have been voted 
Art. 1. — The association shall bo named the Nippon 
Sneha Gikai, and its head oflice shall be at No. 14, 
Sakayemaoei, Sanehome, Kobe. 
Art. 2. — Tho objeots of the association are to open 
ahlack-Uia trade with Russia, aud enquire into the 
actual couditioD of the tea markets in tho United States 
and Australia. 
Art. 3. — To attain the above objeots, tho assooia- 
tiuu shall send committees to different places 
to roako trial sales of both black and green tea, and 
to condnot investigations. 
Art. 4. — The limit of time allowed for such sales 
shall be five years from the 2.5th year of Jfepr ( 1892\ 
According to tho results attained at tho expiration of 
that time it shall be determined whether to cstabliah a 
new oompiiny, and undertake the direct export of tea. 
Art. 5. — Subsoriptioiis shall bo raised to pay tho 
expenses of the trial journeys, the subsoriptions to be 
paid by those interested, no flxod amount boing deter- 
mined. 
Art. 6.— The subscriptions shall be deposited in 
some trustworthy hauk. The names of the subscribers 
and the amount of their subsoription, shall from time 
to time be pablisbed in the oowspapeis, as well as 
entered and preserved iu the office records. 
Art. 7.-— Any one desiring to make trial sales of 
the Assooiatioii's tea shall be permitted to do so with- 
out any commission being charged. 
Art. 8. — The Assooiatiun shall bold a general meet- 
ing in February every year to report the results 
aud aooouDts of the previous year. 
Art. 9. — Notice of subscription must be sent to the 
oflioe of the Association before March, 1892 ; and the 
cash must bo paid in April. Acoordiog to conveuienoe, 
subscribers may pay their subscriptions every April 
during five yosrs, or may pay the whole amount down 
at -once. 
Art. 10. — The following ofircets shall be employed 
to mauago the affairs of the assooiation, and shall be 
elected every year at tho general meeting : — 
1. A Ilireotor of the Assooiation- 
2. A Manager. 
3. Five members of Oommittees. 
4. Clerks. 
Art. 11. — The Director and the Oommitteo-mon 
shall receive no salary. But their travelling expenses 
shall be paid if they have to travel on the business 
of the Assooiation. 
Art. 12.— Travelling Oommiseioners, the Manager, 
and the clerks shall receive salaries, the amonnt of 
which shall be determined by a general meeting. 
Art. 13. — The ease of Commissioners who while they 
are abroad, accomplish something specially praise- 
worthy, or who work without salaries, shall be con- 
sidered at the general msotiug, and their deeds shall 
be pnblished in the newspapers, a letters of thanks, 
being also sent to them from the head olfioe.— 
Weekly Mail, Oot. lOih. 
BARK AND DRUG REPORT. 
(From the Vliemist and Vruggii) 
London, Oct. 7tb. 
Ans.vtto.— N ini'teon bags seod. of fair quality, from 
Colombo, arc hold lor 21d, an offer rjd was refused. A 
smulL parcel of roll aniiatto, good bright, but rather dry 
Para, was shown— lid is tho price. 
C’ISOIIOXA.— Tho toiiil quantity of bark sold to maun- 
factnrera at the London snotlons, from the beginning of 
tills year up to October (ith, is estimated to equal 
tt.iilS kilos sulphate of quin ue, and that sold to ma- 
nufuctuiors at tho Amsterdam auctions, from the begin- 
loolndiDK) October Hth, to 
eiiuttl 9 j, 658 kilos. At the lost Amsterdam aucUous th« 
loiiowlnK quaDtities of bark wore bought by the principal 
purebu^ers tlie Auerbach factory laa.ooo kilos ; the 
Amsterdam factory UB.loO kilos ; tho itrunawick factory 
76,800 kilos ; the Philadelphia factory 07^400 kilos : the 
Paris factory 30,000 kilos ; tho Stuttgart aud Praukfort- 
ou-Maiu works lAl.HCO kilos; and Messrs. Howards & Sons 
1>,:K)9 kilos. botailN concerning the Amsterdam cmchoua 
auctions of last Thursd^iy show that tho manolnciuriuc 
barks isold at an average unit of 6 81 cents per half 
kilo. Altogether the eauivaleut klloa quiuiue sul- 
phate in the bark was sold to manufacturers at tim 
following prices :—l,V0ti kilos at 5 cents 5,4i5 kilos at st 
coats, 6,810 kilos at fl cents, hm kilos at (U cents aiid 
237 ki os at 7 cents. Fur pharmucemiSal^barks the 
demand was cioeedingiy alack. From the Government 
planlationa only short qnllla wore offered, and there 
were only a few lota thin loug quills from private estates. 
Among the parcels sold ihcro were JIS baleti analyaiuc 
l^tweou 7 am 8 per cent, anl two lots yieldluir over 
8 X)or cent. Theie two last sold as follows 107 bales 
Hedger stem bark, broken (piill at Bid to 7M ner lb ; 
17 bales Lodger root at 8d iwr lb. The lowest parcel 
of burk offered at the sale consisted of six mats Sued- 
rubra, aoalyaiug OTiS per cent. This Hold at tho rate of 
id per lb. Tho exports of cinchona from Java lor tho 
lirst two mouths of tho season (July aud Soxitombor) 
ate said to have been a.GoO.OUO Amat. lb, against 1,660 , boo 
A mst. lb and 1,400 ,OlO Amst. lb ros];>octiveiy, fur the first 
two mouths of tho 18D0 aud lbB9 seasons. 
TRA^*»ACTIo^J8 in juto fell off to a remarkable ex- 
tent in Tipi^ra last yciu*. 'f’be Oomuiissioner of tho 
Chittagong Division writes that tho price of iuto in 
Tippora fell from 115.8 to B1.8 pormaund, and that, 
in consequence, tho cultivatora were reported in some 
places to We left tho jutc uncut. No actual distress 
was felt, though the extraordinary faU is said to have 
largely affected tho rovenuo admiuistlfttiou of the 
disUKt.— CftlevRlOi Englishman, 
