February i, ifga*] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
547 
course urged. “Keeping the floor clean,’’ says the 
eutbor, “is an indespensible necessity. It must not 
only be swrpt olosn morning and evening but bo 
thoroughly sorubed and nasbcd in the morning and 
swept evi ry time it is soiled, while the droppings 
must not be allowed to remain on the floor, or drain, 
any length o( time. The house be kept clean and 
sweet, and perfectly dry, and phenjle and water 
or carbolic powder shou'd be sprinkled on the floor 
every day.” This is certainly a very thorough 
nud businesslike way of doing work, but if disease 
of cuttle uud ihrocgh them human beings is to 
he preven'ed, such sanitary methods (substituting 
perhaps some con.moncr and cheaper means of 
disinfection) might with advantage be insisted upon 
by the pr'sent S. nitary Department tilt the 
conteropluted Veterinary Department is founded. 
For the proper carrying out of such measures as 
above deserib d it is oaloulute i that six cows — or 
better, four — should be under tho cure of one man. 
The second port of this useful work deals with 
diseases of cattle, goats and sheep — common 
complaints, dangerous but not serious diseases, 
contagious and fatal disorders. At the outset a list 
of preliminary rules for the care of animals is 
given, lu a review such as this it is not possible to 
do more than rehr to a few of the useful hints with 
which tho work teems, and cow -keepers in Ceylon 
—whether they keep oat'le for convenience or 
profit, on a small or a Urge scale— will not regret 
the purchase and porneal of Is# Tweed’s simple and 
practical nianuil, which fully meets their own 
rnipuirtmonte. The reference to rinderpest (with 
winch our cattle oommissionrrs identiflod tho 
diseatd commonly known amongst ns as “murrain’'), 
from tho fact that it gives, in addition to the 
ordinary [uevcntaliva measures as regards diet, 
disinfection and general management, distinct 
curative treatment is worthy rf qjotalion 
Iir India, treatmeirt is eftou successful, and this 
may be attributaii t't the die- aac very oitoa appeariug 
hr a mild form. Kinderpest belongs to a class of 
diseases whieli must rnu its course ; that is, the poi- 
sonoia inaltirrsi ooutainod in the system must gain 
exit to allow of the patient reouveting. Thu graud 
aim of the tr.atment should be to aid nature in 
ridding the system of the poinonous matter, and lo 
sui.port the strength of the auimal by food case, nurs- 
tug and proper diet. 
OnniNABY Tmr-ATMENT. — Immediately the first 
ejmptotns appear gives tho animal 2 chitlacks of 
Itno’s Fiuit Salt cr 4 chittacks of Epsom or half 
seer cf common salt in warm water, and repeat the 
dose every hemr uutil tho bowelsare relieved. 
When purgii.g and p.isBing of blood and mucus eo".- 
•inuos for mote than twenty-four hours, give the 
• ollowing draff, which has proved successful in Mr. 
Th.cker’s hands: — 
Camphors 
Nitre 
D.ilura s eds... 
Chiretta 
Arrack 
J tolah 
J I olah 
^ Kancba 
1 tolah 
2 chittacks 
Hut when the diarrlxai has existed above twonly- 
a*/ the follrwing, finely powdered, mav be 
ttodul to ! lie preceding prescription: — Gall nut J 
tolah. Tins sl.ould he rep.-ated every 12 hours nntil 
toe purging erases. Dor sheep and goats one-sixth 
01 tlio ahove di'se should he given. 
NATtvis Tskatmknt. — Vreeb roots of the chiohery 
plant, 4 tolnhs fre.-h rools of tha Jokka plant. 4 
JO ..tij ; tl, orris of tho shimultreo, four tolaha. Have 
■no svlinle pinnded or ground togdher fino give a 
< ose Of twenty gr»tin< of this medicine every morn* 
' K for three days. Ten grains lor a dose t.r a calf, 
sun livoprsi-.s to a goat or sherp. All natives know 
Ure first mi l lust named plant and tree, but jokka 
IS the brntali name fora plant fi.t grows wild iu 
llKir district. 
Homceopathio Treatment. — As soon as the symptoms 
are seen, give acouitum nay. lx. and arsenienm alb. 
lx. ton drops alternately, every three hours ; when the 
eruption appears give antiraonium part lx. one grain 
every throe hours. If the eruption is driven in give 
spirits of camphor ton to twenty drop doses every ten 
or fifteen minutes, until the skin gets warm and the 
eruption reappears. Sulphur is very good when tho 
eruption is disappearing and there is j^reat itching 
<Se. . . . When the disease is prevailing in the dis- 
trict, give ail your cattle a dose of the native remedy, 
or else a does of tincture of sulphur, 20 drops every 
morning for three days . . I nave found the native 
and homoeopathic treatment very effective. 
CURE FOE IIEMILEIA VASTATEIX. 
In tha struggle against Urmileia vastatrix 
12 years ago, many heroic steps were taken by 
planters, but probably none so heroic as those which 
I myself adopted. Amongst others, one plan I 
tried was boring a bole right down the centre of the 
stem of the tree filling the hole with sulphur and 
plugging it up. Tha result was that, the first season 
afterwards, the trees all but died, but the following 
season they flashed splendidly, bore a remarkably 
good crop, and apparent'y sfaowed no signs of leaf 
oisease. What bappeiied afterwards 1 do not know, 
as I sailed for England, home and beauty after 
that sesson, but the fol’owing cutting seems to 
support the idea which I appear lo have originated, 
and I think it might be worth while trying it as a 
cure for bug on coffee : — 
It has been frequently stated, says the weekly writer 
on practical gardening operations ‘in tho Leader, that 
insects and other fungus post could he destroyed by 
boring holes in infested trees and filling them witli 
sulphur, lieports to that effect are frequent in the 
United States, but there ore few who believe in 
them. We have, however, had a well authenticated 
Htatoment that an old settler tried the experiment 
with success on an apple tree badly infested with 
wooly blight, which presently disappeared and was 
not soon again, and wnen, many years after, the tree 
was cut down a very small portion of the sulphur 
remained. We do not see why the practice should ho 
laughed at and tho benefical action of the sulphur 
domed. It being a fact that gases exist in all parts 
of a tree or other plant, why should nor sulphurous 
acid gas bo generated and circulate tlrrougli every 
port of a tree in such volume as to poison any insect 
or fungus that subsisted on tho sap? 
One would have thought that tho sorrows of 
cinchona growers bad got to the lowest stage of 
depression, but there would appear to be a lower 
stage still, judging by the following paragraph ; — 
I The Sueflower. — A Russian physician. Dr. Vlatoff, 
I is endeavouring to induce Ibo medical world to make 
a larger uie of tho gunflower as a drug. It can, he 
asserts, be advantageously use I in place of quinine 
without having the drawbacks of this excellent medi- 
cine. The muflower is already much used in Turkey 
and Southern Kursia in cases of fever by the com- 
mon people, who find quinine too exiiaDsive, 
^ 
The Burma Bice Crop,— Sixteen auuas, tho 
equivalent of a rupee, representing an average crop, 
a memorandum from tho Bevonno snd Agricultural 
Department of India, doled Ouloults, the 15th Dec. 
1891, gives the ostiraatea for various districts, 
thus ; — 
Akyab eighleen annas, Basseiu, Thoegwa, Amhorst, 
and Shwegyin aixleon annas, Hantliawaddy fifteen 
annas, I’egii Tharrawaddy, and Prome f mrtcen hiiuub, 
llenzada twolvo simns. It is estimated that there 
will be available for export 1,210,000 tons of cargo rice 
equivalent to 2O,508,6tX) owt. of oloaned rice, inelnding 
what is required for Upper Burma. 
