March i, 1892.] 
THE TROPICAL AQRIOULTURIST 
6S9 
require two coolies to feed the Standard machine for 
one oooly to feed the BxceUior. The pressure of the leaf 
is more easily controlled in the Exeelsior than in the 
Standard. You cannot see the leaf being worked in 
the Stand'inl roller, but you can in the Excelsior. Ti.at 
in my opinion is a distinct advantage in the Excelsior. 
There ia no ventilation or very little iu the Standard 
i^nd in the Excelsior there is ventilation between 
the hopper and the cap — through the feeding mouth. 
It is much bettor veutiluted. Before the Excel- 
sior no machine in Otylou had the diatinct 
"dvftutagea I have enumerated. He then proceeded 
^0 refer to the parts of the «1efeudaDt'B machine 
^hich in his opinion corresponded to the parts iu 
fhe Excelsior. The cap or upper rolling surface 
in (lefoudaiit’s machine corrtiBpundK with the cup of 
the Excelsior. It has free vertical motion in the 
same way. The jacket in uefeiidaut’s machine cor- 
responds with the jacket in ihe Kxcf-lsior machine. 
The jacket iu tho Excelsior is the whole jacket— 
the wooden lining with the metal frame. 1 point out 
the bow of the jacket. The bow is pnrt of the jacket. 
The jacket is the wooden lining, metal frame and 
the bow. When 1 Ap»ak of the jacket of tho 
defendant’s machine 1 mean tho frame, lining, and 
bow which I point out. The hornplatcs are part 
of it — cast with it. All these parts constitute the 
jacket. In tho defondaDt's machine the jacket is 
driven threugh tho crai k pin to which it is 
attached. In the defendants' machine the jacket 
carries the top rolling Burlact? ; tim bow of the jacket 
carries the upper rolling surface. If the crank pin in 
the jacket of dofeudaute’ machine were taken away 
the upper rolling surlaee would not roll over the 
It^wer surface. The common advantage iu both 
^’^ohines arising from that arrangement is the 
movement of the upper robing surface free 
the mechanism driving the maebino. Aa an 
^^pirt do you coosidor ihat the arrangement of 
t'ansruiiting motion to the top-rolling surface through 
the can or jacket surronuding it which is the inveution 
thu p.aiutilF claims, is adopted by the defendant in 
hiB machine r* \ oh I ouneider they are both idontical. 
Ye>, our firm huvf sold M*voral mHohiuee of the 
Ex' elsior type to thn Ooinmcrcmi Oonipany. 
CfOin-exiLtnincd .’—Our firm are Jackson's agents, 
working torprofit. Our firm is now converted into a 
limited Oompany of which I am a shareholder. Our 
firm sell the Excelsior, Economic, and tho lUpid tea 
roUciH as well ae others. 1 mu not the patentee of 
of theao but 1 took out a patent for a roller 
the sfcjle of the EcoDomio which ia also 
^old by my firm. I took nut a patent for a roller 
Without considi'ring Mr. Jacksou’a apecillcatiuu very 
and afterwa-ds I found out that this patent in- 
fnoged Mr. Jacksou*8 Excelsior in Rotne particulars. We 
®anufivctm.e ituudera license from Mr.Jacktjun. Then as 
* Bharehol.ter and patentee you have a personal moce- 
rnicrcBb in this cjso ? There is i o harm in 
tary 
irig that y Oh! I don’t know. If Mr. J-icksou 
Joaos his case we (my titm) will not have to pay any 
more royalty toy Economic. As a mechsuical 
ougireor I say that what I call tho jacket in the Ex- 
celsior *8 part of ibo driven lUHobaniHra of tho luacbiue. 
It cannot be part or the driving iiu'chauism. What is 
driven may drive. It curries the cap round with it ; 
»t drives the cap. As regards the cap it is not part 
of th6 driving mechanism of tlie machine. It does 
hot drive itself. You cannot work the lower table un- 
iess what 1 call the jnckct ih cjimected with the 
Brauk pin at tli ; top. The jacket does not help to 
anvo the lower surface. When the jacket is cou- 
noctttd with the upper crank pin it does n t help 
o drive the lower aurlace. Ur.lees ht jacket is 
nneoted with tlie upjx r cntck pin the machine as 
cauuok roll ie«. it the jacket were taken 
t the machine wo w'oald have to put anather 
earing ou th» upper crank pin, in order to make 
the lower table work as it is now working. That 
bean, g would bo attached to the bar. What kind 
ot motion u ttminmittoil <o ‘A”? A rooipro ating 
motion. The motion comes from the crank Ou 
your oath does uot “A" receive its uiotiou di- 
rectly from the inside of the jacket B What 
directly tonobea ‘‘A’* to move it in its recipro- 
cating motion? It touches the side of the box 
and the spindle. Assuming that Mr. Jackson dis- 
olaims that the spindle gives *' A ’’ any part of 
its reciprocating motion then it ia the side of the 
box or lining tha*^ moves it? Assuming that, yes. In 
making the mschines there is a space of about oue 
eighth ol an inch between “A” and tne lining— just 
enough to let it move up and down easily. I have 
fcen Mr. Jackson's machiue working many times. 
As lliH machine moves the side of A” touches 
the wooden lining furthest from the direction to 
which it is moving. In maonfactiiriog maohioes 
under Jacki^on’s Excelsior patent we do not make the 
spindlA strong enough to impart horizontal motion to 
'* A ” I have seen only one of defendant's machines 
at work and that was oo some estate in Dikoya. In 
tho working of the plaintiffs’ model of defootaut's ma~ 
chine the cap does uot touch the lining flnrrounding 
it. 1 cannot say whether it did so in the machine 
I saw at work. It is about a year ago since 1 saw 
that machine in Dikoya. A year ago we knew it 
was probable that the plaintiff would come to Oeyloo 
to institute this action, bat 1 did not then examine 
defendant’s machine to see whether it touched as 
described. I am tho managing engineer of the firm. 
As nn eugineor I say that the horo-pUtes in 
defendant's machine are equivalent totbebrariugs **F' 
in the Excelsior on which the bar •* E”re8tsaud slides. 
The hornplates of defendant’s machine simply rest and 
slide on tho slide plate. They are tied down by the 
orank'pin. In the Excelsior the bar E is held in 
the bearing “F” so that it cannot jnmp out. If I 
were to substitute for F in the Excelsior straight 
bearings like those ou the defendant's machine, the 
machine could not be worked because the cranks 
pin would pull the jacket about in different direc- 
tions fur want of the guide. Is there a difference 
between the bornpUtes in defendant’s machine aud 
the bearings F in the Excelsior ? There is a dis- 
tinction. The beating F in the Excelsior maohiue 
carries up the jacket aud guides it preventing the 
lining of the jacket from tonobtug the lower sur- 
face of tha table. The hornplates in the defendant’s 
machine does the samo thing — it prevents the lining 
from touching the lower rolling surface. They rub 
differently. The plaintiff’s bearings guide the motion 
ri'OtlUinearly and the defendants’ horizontally so that 
ihe upper part of the machines shall not oscillate. 
The functions of the bearings and the bornplantes in the 
two machines are not therefore the same. You could 
not substitute each for the other in the respective 
msobinfs and make the machines work. The motion 
of each part of tho Excelsior is reotillinear and of 
the defendant’s machine, eccentric. 
fte-exawined. — I s«d in anawor to Mr. Browne 
that the jacket when connected with the upper 
crank pm does uot help to drive the lower sur- 
fioe. Asked what does it do ? He replied,— It 
takes the power from the crank shaft and drives 
the upper surface. That which gives the motion to 
the jacket gives the motion also to that which 
is inside the jacket. Motion is given directly 
by the crank to “A" through the jacket. If I removed 
the hero plates from the defendants’ machine the 
machine would very soon go to pieces. 
Mr. Fhederick Maguirk deposed : — I am a 
mechanical engineer and have had considerable 
] experience of tea machinorv in India, Ceylon and 
I Java aa well aa in the nortli of Ireland. I was au 
engineer on tea estates in India. I have been in 
I charge of IVIr. Jackson's Standard, Excelsior, and 
! Rapid Rollers in India. I have put these machines 
up and taken them to pieces. The model of the 
Standard in Court ia, so far as I see, exactly the 
same aa the ones I have experience of in India 
except in some little details. 1 have seen the triple- 
action roller in operation often in Ceylon and the 
model in Court seems to be accurate. In most of 
the cases I have seen, it was worked without the 
bolt connecting the cap and the crank spindle. I 
have read the specification of the Excelsior and 
