March i, 1802.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
661 
suspendod from that part of the jacket called the 
bow. In workinc the sixteenth of an inch is not 
f )roHerved on all sides. One side or more of the 
ining of the jacket is usually in direct contact with 
the upper-rolling surface. It is the inside of the 
lining that touches. I have seen some of .lackson'a 
machines in which ho has cut away the sides of the 
upper rolling surface for purposes of ventilation. Tlie 
corners are always left and the contact is between 
the comers and the wooden lining. The motion 
which tho lining gives to the upper rolling surface is 
a knock or push. It is first knocked on one aide and 
then on the other. I have heard the knock on the 
side of Jackon’a machine when working. When I 
have seen the defendant's machine at work. I have 
never heard or seen the sides of the lining strike tho 
upper rolling surface. Defendant's upper rolling sur- 
face receives its horizontal motion from tho spindle 
and bracket. To constitute mechanism must 
not two or more bodies bo so connected that their 
motion depends on each other through cinematical 
principles alone? I think that means that two or 
more parts are connected by some mechanical 
prinoipma, one following tho other throughout the 
train. I think that is what is meant althougli I 
never heard tho word cinematical before. (Mr. Buownk: 
— Quite right. He then quoted the moaning of the 
word from Wobster’s Dictionary.) I have studied 
the introduction to mechanics but not under that 
name. Ho then traced the chain of mechanism in 
Jackson’s machine and said it ends directly in the 
jacket. Betore tho end of the train it transmits 
motion. One chain of mechanism may transmit 
motion at various points throughout its length. The 
first point miw cither be considered a driving or 
Jrivon point. Tho very first point is driven from the 
shafting that drives it. The train of moebanism is tho 
scries of pieces which transmit motion from the driving 
point to the working part or through them to the 
ultimate object which is driven only. In the Kx- 
celsior tho lower rolling surface is one of tho se- 
ries of pieces of_ its mechanisui — one of the working 
parts. If the guides wore not under the lower roil- 
ing surface of the Excelsior iiiaciiine might not 
work as it would not be complete. If the guide bars of 
the upper rolling surface were away, the upper rolling 
surface would work, but I do not think youwould have a 
chance of finding out whether it would bo in roc- 
tillinoar lines because the machine would break 
up. If you took out the crank pin or sliding bar of 
an engine you would probably be lying on the floor 
before you knew where yon were. (Shown defendant's 
niodel of plaintiff's machine. I suppose it is work- 
ing as a model all right. If tho guide bar of tho upper 
tolling surface were taken out in tho model as is 
Now done, theniachineboingincomplete would not work. 
I never tried the experiment before on a model. If I 
Weto to take out the same part in tho Excelsior jacket 
"fould it work? If you take anything at all from any 
the machines they would not work. The machine 
''’“hid not be complete ; it would not bo Jackson’s 
®*'tchine. It would probably smash up. Tho engine 
'yould bo pulling the machine. It would not work for 
j-he same reason that an engine would not work if you 
‘{'■so away the crank pin. The priiicipal function of 
sliding bar of Jimkson's machine is to carry 
the Weight of the jacket. The bearing under the 
nornplatos in defendants' machine would carry the 
of the jacket. The bearings in which tho grind- 
''R bar rests in plaintiffs machine contain tho guidjng 
r Well as support it. In Jackson's maohvne the 
but^‘n?r support the weight of iho jacket 
machiii</r...f"^*? ^ gnide. defendant's 
of the in^-Unf ®‘l'”''‘dont to bear np tho weight 
Plainti^r«^?,‘ “■» is supplied. In the 
^orizontnl ITnido H in rectilinear and 
Motion In i'hey iiitike it tako roctilinoar 
and defendant'« machine the horn*plate« 
-ustfings guide i t into a horizontal motion. 
.*.ney keep it from oacillating. They have no 
other function ur directors of motion than that. 
Re-examinod. — I have seen the upper roiling bui*- 
fa(5Q lifted right out of tho case or jacket surrauud- 
•ng it while tho machine was working, ho 
that jio part of tho liniug wau ivt any 
moment in contact with it. The jacket still 
carries the upper rolling surface. Motion was then 
principally transmitted oy the Iww to the jacket. 
The spindle might have helped a little. 
Mr. C. A. Hutbon, Colombo, deposed : — I am a 
mechanical engineer and have been practising my 
profession for about 23 years, Gi years of that period 
being in Ceylon. 1 have seen the Btandard, Kxcolsior, 
and Triple- Action Hollers working, and I haveerecteci 
the Excelsior and Triple-Action machines. 1 have 
read the specification of the Excelsior patent, and I 
consider the jacket of the Excelsior to be the metal 
frame, the wooden lining and the bracket. The fact 
of the bow being attochod to the frame instead of 
the wooden lining X look upon os a mere matter of 
detail. The model 1 believo to bo the same as 
the working machine. Certainly motion is trans- 
mitted through tho jacket. In the Standard the 
upper rolling surface is driven direct from 
the shaft ny the connecting rod, whi’e the 
jacket slides on it; but in tho Excelsior it is tho 
jacket that is driven direct and the rolling surface 
slides inside of it. The jiicket in tho Excelsior car- 
ries the cap with it, and in tho defendant’s machine 
tho upper rolling surface is moved by tho jacket. I 
call the jacket in tho defendant's machine the cylin- 
drical box and the various parts pertainiTtg to it. I 
considor tho whole thing, including the bow or bracket 
to bo the jacket. In the dofendantH' machine the 
action is the same. Tho jacket drives tho top rolling 
surface. I know Law A Davidson's niaohino. There 
tiiG upper surface is not quite free to move up and 
dov^m. It resembles the Excelsior in tho fact that 
the jacket moves about while the top rolling surface 
is carried by the jacket and is left 0*60 to rise and 
fall. I think I saw Law A Davidson’s machine in 
188G — a long time after the Excelsior. 
Vroas-examined . — A case was threatened, 1 think, but 
so far as I know Mr, Jackson has not taken action 
against Davidson. 1 gave ovidonco as to facts in tho 
case Hrown, Rae A Do., Hatton, vs. Harcourt Bkrine. 
I was called there as a mechanical engineer to provo 
that I had examined the machine erected by the 
plaintiffs for the defendants. — In that case you gave 
it as your (minion ‘‘that tho motor has been erected in a 
correct and substantial manner and that it is at the 
present inomeut, aide to develop its maximum effi- 
ciency” ?— Yes. (Mr.Rrowne, inreply to the District 
Judge, said that in that case tho District Judge held 
that it was very clear that tho machine was not 
properly erected by the plaintiffs and was practi- 
cally useless. Ho read from tho judgment.) 
I nave never heard what the Judg ound, 
but I know tliat Brown, Rae & Co. got all tlio money 
they claimed. At one time I was employed by the Coni- 
morcial Company; they brought, me to Ceylon.— 
dismissed you afterwards ?— We never sottl*^ that 
point. I say they did dis'hnss me tho'^ say that 
they did not. I deecrib.b'^ the wholo ining as the 
jacket, and its functiorf in to the tea leaL It 
does that by moving' the Vaf across tho bottom 
rolling surface and oauaJTig the leaf to turn over 
and rub partly on tno top rolling surface and partly 
on the sides. What I call tho jacket is part of the 
driving meohvaism of the machine; it drives tho 
surface backwards and forwards over 
tne ij ^ bearing for the triple 
OT^nk-shaft and thereby keeps the crank-shaft 
in position. If tho crank-shaft were not kept in 
position thereby the crank shaft would not 
work. I can transmit motion from one crank- 
shaft to another by moans of a belt. In tho 
defendant's inachino motion is transmitted from tho 
driving crank shaft to the guiding crank-shaft by the 
jacket. Either of them would do it ; at present both 
do it. If either wore taken off, tho part of the machine 
that wart left would work. (Shown model.) That 
machine is so badly made that it won’t work. As a 
mechanical enmneor and I have seen it done though not 
with the dofondauts* machine, laay that if tho jaclcet of 
the defendants' machine is removed, the lower rolling 
surface will worlt, (The upper part was taken off the 
defondants' model of his own machine and tho 
witnuaa was asked to work it.) Plaintiff’s modg 
