668 
THE TROWCAL AGRICULTURIST, 
[March i , 1892. 
carry the weight which would otherwise fall on the 
cranks. The horn phitos are in no way whatever guides 
even as regards oscilUtiou. The crauk pins would ketp 
the lower table Irom oscillating, livery pair of cranks 
connected by a oonnoi'ting rod has two deail otn- 
tres. The single connecting rod has also its dead cen- 
tre over which it will not pass without the assistau o 
of a fly-wheel, (He illustrated this by removing the 
upper connecting rod in one of his raodtls). Ad- 
ding to my model the upper oonoecti g rod its mo- 
chanism so far as it goes is perfect. The driving 
shaft has now in its power to convoy motion to the 
guiding shaft. Tutting on ilie upper com octing ro , 
the other parts of the model enoept the circular case 
or jacket round the tea leaf the dmihle bow bracket 
rests on the upper connecting roi carrying th-- 
bearings which carry the vertical spindle. The upper 
rolling surface there has its horizontal motion com- 
plete, also its rotatory motion. The moohaaism is 
complete without the case or jnclcet ami I can now 
impart motion to the upper and lower rolling eurfsoes 
without the jacket. The oiraular motion is derived 
from the upper connecting lod through the double 
bow bracket, thence to the spindle, and thence to the 
upper rolling surface. The rotatory motion is conveyed 
to the upper rclliiig surface through the medium of 
a belt and the spindle to the upper rolling surfaco. The 
principle of the connecting rods is involved in the 
meohaniatn of the Excelsior bnt not in the .same 
manner as in the triple action. The ditfer- 
enoe is that in the Excelsior the connecting rod is used 
for converting citoular motion into reclillinear motion. 
In Jackson’s machine (Excelsior) the crank driving 
the connecting rods is a peculiar one in this re- 
spect that it has no crank shaft. It consists of 
three crank pins and two cranks driven by a bear, 
ing in the boss of a bevel wheel. The middle crank 
pin drives the lower connecting rod which carries 
the table or lower rolling surface. The circular 
motion of that crank is converted into reotillinear 
motion through tho intervention of guide bars sliding 
in grooves. It cannot deviate from the reotillinear 
movement, it is compelled to move in a rrctillinesr way. 
The upper crank pin is connected to the upper con- 
necting rod. Tho cironUr motion of tho uppermost 
crank pm drives the upper conneeiing rod, whish is 
forced to move iu a rcctillineal lino by the inter- 
vention of this guiding bar which cannot move other- 
wise but in a straight line. The two upper crauk 
pins are connected to tho two eouneoting reds in 
such a manner that tboso connecting rods may 
move in their rsspiolivo reotillinear lines, being in 
no wav hxed to the frame of the machme— the 
deed cart of the machine. The metal framework 
round the jacket is part of the driving mechanism of 
Jackson’s machine ; it must bo so. What Jackson 
oaila hia jacket, meta! and wood combmtd ifl really two 
diatinct parta, namely the conuectiog rod with Up 
B uidiog bar motion to the caso or jaclret, 
and the -npper rolling unrface which ia driven by 
the case or jacket. It I were to remove the lining 
with the upper tolling surface the mechanism would 
not be complete ; there would be nothing to drive 
the upper rolling aurfaeo. If the wooden lining wore 
taken away and the metal (tame left the meohanism 
would be complete as regards the lower rolliug 
surface, and ready to drive the jacket whan it was 
put back on the machine. I have read Jack- 
son’s specification iu conueoliun with bis draw- 
tnae Reading Jackson’s specification and plan 
toeether I understand the jacket to he the 
woodwork as delineated in his drawings. 
The motion which tho upper rolling surface gets is 
the same motion as the woouwork, backwards »ud 
forwards. It receives the motion from the sid^ of the 
jacket which are in the line of its motion. The first 
part of the upper rolling surface that receives motion 
ia the edge of it that ia furthest from tho direction 
in which it is being moved. It receives its “otisn 
from the inner side of the case or jacket imniediately 
adjacent to it. It moves it by impact— by push. Vou 
hear tho impact in almost every machine alter it has 
been in work for some time ; that ia when the 
upper loUiag autfaoe gets a little wear and teat, and I 
havemvBoif heard it in most of the mnehinea I have 
seen working. 1 do not think I have seen above 
six or eight of tlio Excelsior itself, but I have seen 
a good many cf the others that aro worked on tho 
same principle. Jackson has patented tho trans- 
iiiiBsion of motion through tho ease or jacket to the 
top rolling surface, and 1 must decidedly regard that 
as motion by impact, through the sides of the case 
against tho outer edges of tlio upper rolling surface. 
My upper rolliug siu'faeo rccoives no motion whatever 
by impact with anything surrounding it. I call the 
case or jacket of my machine the wooden portion 
in plaintill's model of my machine, surrounding the 
upper rolling surface. 
CroHs-examiiied liy Mr. Wituers: — I could uot say 
that tho Kimnond's machine I saw in Ijondon 
was the subject of tho Indian litigation, but 
I understood' it w.as Kinmond's first patent. Mr. 
Kiuiiiood lias gone over that law suit with me but ho 
did not tell mo the arranpraeiit with Jackson. He did 
not tell me that Mr. Jackson bonnd himself to him 
to sell 80 S'anilsrds during eighteen months he at 
tlifl same time having the exclnsive sale of Kinmond’s. 
Would ybu be surprised to know that Jackson sold 
iiot 811' but IflO of that Btandard and not one of 
Kinmond’s has been sold since? I do not know 
ab' nt that. 1 met Mr. Kinmond in London. I am 
largely interested in tea iu Ceylon and have been 
so for seven Oi eight years. I am tho Managing 
Director of the second defendant Company. I have 
had practically the control of machines imported into 
Ceylon by the Company during the last eight years. 
My son receives some royalty from the Company 
(second defendant). Between 80 and 90 triple-action 
robera have bfen sold in Ceylon. Until this law suit was 
commenced there has been no difiicuUy 1 know of 
in selling them in Ceylon without a guarantee. 
’They guarantee them agaiust Mr. Jackson calling 
upon them for a royalty I suppose. 1 never heard 
of patentees issuing guarantees with the machines. 
I suxjposo that tho reason is that if Mr- Jackson 
gained tho law suit the purchasers thought they had 
no guarantee that Mr. Jackson would call upon them 
to pay a royalty. I say that tho description of 
Jackson’s machine in tho Hpeoifioation is not a 
true description. 1 do not see now you could make 
it a true description in any circumstances. Assur- 
ing that the frame B ia part of the case or 
jacket it is a true description. It would make 
no difference, assuring that, if the guiding rod 
were iu the centre (drawing of tho triple-action pro- 
duced by Mr. Withers— a copy of the one filed with 
Browne’s specification in the patent ofiice). ’This is 
net a ciirccct drawing of the machine as made as re- 
gards details. I cannot say whether it ia a correct 
copy cf the drawing filed with the specification. 
(Mr. Withers said that the machine that ex- 
isted now was different from that ou the plan 
in the specification office). Witness was ihown 
the plaintiff’s drawing and deponed. The dotted line 
inside Ih" jack* t represents the top surface ”A.” 
He added — Not the whole of it. Only the upper hori- 
zantal dotted line and tho two bent lines .represent 
the upper rolling surfime. 'riio dotted lino running 
up from the centre of " A ” reproseuts tho main 
spindle the lower end of which may bo attached 
to “ A, ” “ t! ” — the chain indicates that the 
top-surface is to be moved up and down. 
T’ho sides of “ A "—tho upper rolling surfaco are a 
working fit. Assuming ttio drawing to be IJ inch scalo 
tlio top rolling surfaco moasuro on the plan 4^ inchos. 
Is there anything ou 'he Ura-viiig to show that ihe 
jacket could not bo made round ? The drawing is a 
drawing of a machine having reotillinear mo- 
tion. The jacket or case itself might be made 
round. ’Thora is nothing in the drawing that 
“ A " could not bo made ronnd in the oaas 
or ]ooket but it would be another machine, 
a drawing is a drawing and represents only what 
it represents. The letter ‘ N ’ Inside figure I of 
plaiutiff’s drawing is marked on the extended boss of 
tlie wheel but 1 would not understand it to mean 
the wheel. It is put there for a piirpoiu 
and 1 would apply it to the boss. If the man wh 
