7*4 
THE TROHCAL AGRrOULTURIST, 
[April i, 1892. 
turned streams of water, *c., &o. 
“Messrs. George and William B. Chaffey came 
to this land of developing and nndeveloiped 
wonders and settled in Riverside, San Bernnrdine 
Co., gave their time, money, and thought to the 
problems of this new land. * * *” 
Mr. Deakin writes: “In one enterprise, nt 
Ontario the proprietors have laid out nearly 
£100,000 upon 8,000 acres of land, bought at 
98/ (twenty-eight shillings) an acre. • • 
There is a double avenue mnningthrough the colony 
seven miles long, in a straight line and 200 feet.’’ 
Judge Widney says : “ The volue of property is 
fixed and made by the combination of oircurastanors 
which nature and money have produced — prodjotivo 
exhauatlesa soil, abundance of water, irrigating 
dams, ditches, tunnels, pipes, avenues, hotels, rail- 
roads, colleges, health, civilization, good society.” 
Messrs. Chaffey Bros., Limited, will clear of timber 
by pulling out trees ite. by traction engines ; they 
will plough or scarify and cross-scarify the land to 
a depth of 18 inches; they will "grade” or level 
the surface to a uniform elope by passing an im- 
plement drawn by four horses over the ground. 
This implement used is a wooden boood fi feet or 
8 feet wide by 2 feet broad with a bach board some 
6 or 8 inches. Coffee idanters can remember the 
board used by coolies when heaping the onffae on 
the barbecue A big thing like that is run over 
the loosened earth and tho whole land is smoothed. 
Messrs. Chaffey Bros., Limited, will line, hols, supply 
plants, plant, tond, and irrigate up to the time 
when the place is yielding fruit, or as long as is 
wantel. They will do as much or as little as 
required, and they ohargs high for sp'endid work. 
I pin on the “memorandum of terms and con- 
ditions of sale,” whioh please print in extenno. 
But your planting readers will have observed 
that if 2 or 8 Ceylon planters or Anglo-Indian 
Army men or civilians, — if 2 or 8, or 6 or 7 combine 
and take adjacent blocks, even one of the very far 
back blocks, by their united labour they can save 
very much of those charges in Messrs. Chaffey Bros. 
Estimated Expenditure. Estimated Expenditure! 
Surely a Ceylon man knows how to estimate ahead. 
He’s had to do it and it has saved him often. 
Put in your own work, and yoor wife and daughter 
can help, if you have them, int i oleariog, fencing, 
levelling, holing, and planting— it is only 10 acres 
B man. Vour back msy ache, your nsok may be 
Eoored by snn-xvrinkles, your hands may be swollen, 
blistered and painful — But you need be beholden to 
none ; you have no native near to render it im- 
possible for a white man to be seen working; the sun, 
though hot, though terribly hot, is not the sun you 
have been aocuatoraed to — a deadly enemy, — no, 
it is a warm stimulating friend. The climate is 
not enervating or exhausting. It is bracing and 
dry. Then there is the keen relish of the virtuous 
feeling whioh oomes afli'r earnest effort, accompanied 
by substantial and tangible results. One's home is 
sure, and one’s work is around him. Here tho 
gentleman toils alongside the labourer, the 
lady washes tho dishes while the “gitl” makes 
herself otherwise useful. This is a real Utopia, a 
true republic, where all are equal and the only 
difleronoo is in brain-power; there is only one 
policeman. Mildura is a separate shire and has its 
Police Court, but there is very little use for that 
except to settle civil cases. It h .s its cricket club 
and one or two ohurchas, and a nnmber of fine 
shops, and many boarding houses. Those who built 
on their town lota are making a fine harvest with 
boarders now. 
Now as to profits and prodoots : — Wdl it pay ? 
Let us quote “ F. W. W,” in tho Si/dneii HernUl, 
Got. 1890. 
“Will it pay? That is the question of questions 
aflealiog Mildura. At the outset it may be noted 
that the suooess of the proprietary venture is 
inextricably interwoven with the success of the 
iodividusl enterprise of the settlers: Tho Brothers 
Chaffey, and those joined with them in the founding 
of the ■ colony ’ cannot make a huge profit at 
tho coat of disaster to the men whom they have 
led into tho malice sorub. Before the settlement 
has reached such dimensions as to return the 
company’s outlay, and a fortune besides, the qaestion 
of tho profitableness of intense culture under 
irrigation -..ill have been answered deoiaively. 
Should it be answered in the negative, the pro- 
gress of the undertaking will bo at once arrested. 
The basis of the company’s operations is one wbiob 
involves the commercial interests of the owner 
of every properly cared for vineyard or orchard. 
No attempt is being made to obtain a return of 
the outlay before Mildura produce has been tested 
in the markets. Work has been planned on massive 
lines, abd is being carried on in a bold and oo< fident 
temper. The expenditure can only be justified by 
the BUCoesB of tho experiment. Should intenso 
culture at Mildura turn out a failure, the heaviest 
lo-sss will fall on the founders. That is how it 
ought to be in all such ventures.” 
Here are figures showing the increase of ship- 
ments of frnit 
in California in eight 
years ; — 
1880. 
1888 
lb. 
lb.. 
Fresh fruits 
.. .. 3,141,500 
5.8,741,670 
Dried fruits 
. . . . 412,480 
19,759,140 
Raisins 
. . . . fifil,660 
16,884,570 
Canned fruits 
. . . . 8,707,650 
39,281,340 
“ Bradstreot ” is quoted by “ P. W. W.” and I will 
quote him now ; — “ At Riverside, the leading orange 
town, the owner of an orchard of seven acres of 
twenty-year-old seedliogs avers that last year tho 
net profit therefrom was 1,000 dollars an acre, and 
this year 1,200 dollars. Groves twenty years old, 
however, are scarce, few even are ten years of age. 
Of gross profits another grower says that hie budded 
trees yielded the 8rd year in the orchard 150 dollars 
tro the tree ; the 4lh year 8 dollars to tho tree, or 
from 800 dollars to 375 dollars to the acre ; eight- 
year-old buds 10 dollars to the tree ; and nine-year- 
old buds 15 dollars to the tree, or 1,125 per acre, 
counting tho fruit worth only one dollar per box 
on the tree. A third man reports 40 acres of 
oranges planted 8 years ago, and yielding this year 
a net income of 12,300 dollars; and another 25 
acres of oranges and lemons ton years old that net 
600 dollars an acre. For Riverside, as a whole, 
the following atatement was made before an oQloial 
oomraittee a year ago : — 
“Riverside has 3,000 acres of orange orchard, a 
portion of whioh is yielding good crops, a portion 
of which is yielding partial crops, and a portion is 
not in bearing at all. These 8,000 acres this year 
produced 1,000 car-loads of orang'sand lemons, 
worth on the track an average of 750 dollars a 
oar-load or 750,000 dollars — about 250 dollars an 
acre. This is not picking out eainple orchards, 
but averaging all the orchards, whether bearing or 
not." 
And BO on as regards California. Now for 
Australia and Mildura. Tho great point is that 
Australia can supply Europe and America when 
they are bare of tupjily. Thus Amorioa may bo a 
largo customer, and as you will understand, good 
prices will be realized when the looal supply has 
stopped. I had intondotl going into the local and 
European market-prices, but anyone wishing to 
ascertain this had only to write to Meesrs. Chaffey 
Brothers or their agents, and full partioulars will 
