890 
THE TROPICAL AQRIOULTURIST. 
[June i, 1829. 
their villages. Frequently the engagment is renewed 
With acivAiicefl, tu be worked off as before. No 
iem of ngrioulture, more especially tropical aRricutluro 
C'in be rarrtod on 6uccPBt>fully if dependant for ita 
labour upon a supply bo fitful and bo eoantv. It is of 
importance, tborefore, to introduce a cla^s of emigraiite 
who won 1 1 have neither the desire to leave, nor the 
meann of leaving*, their eaiploymcnt, excepting at 
fixed periols of somv dnratioa and under deUnile 
engasezninU On the cuaBt there aiesti'! numhers uf 
Chinese cmigranrs whoso engagements date back omny 
year*. Theso however, are dvhig out ; they are not 
being reolaoed, and it will become auiat’i r of serious 
coDBtqiicnce to nil eraployers of labour hlimtid tliero 
not, at fomo early date, ho preparatiens rraUe to 
supplement thpra. a» well as to arrango for an increar- 
ing supply from China of India. 
ChxMSti wo found to be excellent labourerii if kept 
away from centres of population. As it is "ot f-ropoeed 
to tike them to or keep them near any town rr 
village, but to sett'o tin ra where in th'i interior agri- 
cultural work will ongape their time and attention, 
to hfsitiit'on should ho felt in regard to their intro- 
duction iu large nanibera, or in making arrangements 
for a conatant Rupp'y of a ponplo who^o chsrscterj-tica 
are ezeeasivo thrift and untiri'ig industry ; by whom 
too, the bonefits accruing from those are so ke.sidy 
appreciated. 
IndiiWy i. c., Hindoo or Tamil coolie laborers, and 
their families, if introduced, would also prove a source 
of wealth to the country, improving as well their own 
condition as that of their employers. 
Of the Y'rtwiV.f we have long personal experience, and 
we are convinced, that with their aid, and under the 
skilled direction to those accustomed to work them 
the fine slopes of the Perene, and airy other part of 
Pesu where tropical agriculture might lie tried, would 
speedily be rendered productive and valuable. 
Unquestionably numbers w’ould elect to settle iu a 
country, and nmid surroundings, so congenial to their 
wants and desires. 
There can bo no objection on the part of omployors 
to give sucii guarantees as would both satisfy the Go- 
vernment of India, and secure to the coolie all the bene- 
fits of profitablo, healthy and constant employment 
in country, the climate of which — from our Ceylon 
experience we are assured of it — is so free from malaria 
ana in all respects so suitable to his mode of life. 
PBHU AS A FIELD FOR COLONIZATION. 
This land of the ancient Inca lias such vast unde- 
veloped resources, at altitudes and temperatures so 
varied, that people fvom every known climate might 
here find a congenial home; and we cannot conceive 
of any healthier, more interosting or profitable oc- 
cupation for European agriculturists, with a little 
capital, than might bo found on the borders of the 
great grassy pampas, at an altitude of 4,000 feet and 
upwards, where a mixed cultivation might bo intro- 
duced, including cereals, potatoes and other vegetables, 
around the homesteads, with a field of coffee or coca 
below, all interesting and profitable to the grower. 
It is only to bo regretted that so little is known in 
Lima of these localities, and that the facilities for aji- 
proaching them have hitherto been so indifferent. 
Wnh the opening of the Oroya radwaj, however, 
all this will bo chv ged, and the prottpect of bucc< Bsfiil 
colouicitio 1 reiulorod suoh as wsa never before poi* 
Bible, in Peru. 
For trained planters, with a command of labour, 
and judiciously backed by CBpifnlists, we believe, 
there is not in the wide world a better opeuing than 
in the upper VBlieys of the Amazon an I its Peruvian 
tributarioi. We are, Get tiemou, 
Your obedient Servants, 
Alexandeu Ross; 
Aiithuk Sinclair. 
POULTRY FARMING IN INDIA. 
Ry a JjADY Contributor. 
So many people who have tried poultry farming 
out hero have told mo that, leaving time and trouble 
out of the question, it never pays and is, in most cases, 
9t dgad loss, iu tbo retu^iug uud soUiug of oi'tliuary 
fowls only, I moat certainly agree with them : as a 
native can always undersell a Etivopean, especially 
in livestock, as natives seldom give their animals a 
re^lar meal. In the case of chickens, a few grains 
of boiled rice and some crumbs of chapaii left from liis 
own meal are thrown to them and they are left to 
tiiul what tliey can for thomsolves. A native can 
afford to soli a roast fowl horn four to six annas, 
where wo should be sorry to part with one for four- 
teen aimas ora rupee, So it is really almost impos- 
sible for UR to compete with them. The only way 
in which to make a poultry farm pay, ard 1 find it 
pays me handsomely, is to keep everything, fowls, 
guinea-fowls, ducks, goose, turkeys and pigeons. l'’or 
those who go in for gardening on a largo scale tliis 
is not feasible, unless their grounds are unusually 
largo, aud then both the kitchen and fiower, garden 
should bo hedged in or railed off in some way, other- 
wise tho fowls, ducks aud more especially, guinea- 
fowls make fearful havoc in it. The only two ways 
I know of preventing this are, if you have a large 
compound, to make the fowl-house in the opposite 
direction of tho gardens and at a good distance, or 
the bottter plan is to koop a small boy aud make 
him guard the entrance to tho garden. 
My plan of housing tlie poultry is to make a large 
rough mud house, have it scraped aud smoothed down 
and white-washed inside and out, with a tiled roof ; the 
house is divided into six sepai'ate rooms with a door 
and window opponite each other in every room, ex- 
cepting in the pigeon room, which has only one door; 
every door has a trap so that the 'poultry can go in 
and out at will during tho day. 
In the first room 1 put all tne cocks and hens bo- 
sides the cockerels and poulets over tw’o months old 
at night giving them perches and boxes and not 
overcrowding them. Tho second room is given to 
the ducks, geese and guinea-fowls; perches are put 
up for the latter and straw placed on tho door for 
tho two former, as they generally lay at night or 
very early in the morning, Tlie tnird house belongs 
to the turkeys, and tho fourth to the pigeons, in tho 
wall of which I have large holes made in which they lay 
and bring up their young. The fifth room is planked 
off into four conipartineiits which I shall call A. B. C. 
and D. for convenience. In A. all the chickens under 
two months old are kept from sixty to seventy and 
sometimes more. In B. I put a goose who Is given 
all tho goslings, which slio roivdily takes. In (J. I 
place a couple of large boxes with high sides perfora- 
ted with small holes into which I put all the duck- 
lings, D. belongs to the guinea chicks with their adop- 
ted mothers — a couple or three pens (not guinea fowls). 
The sixth room is kept for all and only sotting 
hens. Sometimes twenty or more boxes are placed 
on the floor and baskets hung fimily against the 
sides of tho wall ; in these they sit and hatch their 
ogg^s. 
Every morning at half-past five o’clock all the doors 
of the fowl-house are opened, and all tho poultry 
dare let out, fed, aud allowed to wander over the 
grounds till evening, a small boy looking after all the 
different broods of chickens, ducklings, Ac. These are 
fed three times a day on ^ood sound crushed grain- 
groens and table scraps with a little meat twico a 
week, and are locked up from 11 a in. to 2 p.m. 
during the hour of tho day, while the boy in charge 
has his food and a rest. All the six rooms are 
carefully swept and tlioroughly cleaned every morn- 
ing, and a layer of fresh a^es put into eacn. The 
native servants each getting an old korosine tin for 
collecting them in, so that tliero is always a largo 
supply of ashes in hand. The sitting liens are given 
plenty of good sound grain and fresh water every 
morning, and are then allowed to roam about for 
an hour after which they are brought back, and 
locked op till tho next morning, being fed once in 
twenty-four hours, and having one hour's exercise 
when they generally take their dust baths. Duck- 
lings are considerea difficult to rear, but I find mine 
do very well, they are fed on chapati soaked in 
water, hard boiled duck’s eggs with a little boiled 
rice of tho cheapest kind, till they are a fortnight 
old, when they get bran, exushod grain and potatOQ 
poelings, 
