The tromcal aqrioulturist. 
[Junk i, 1892. 
918 
have a lower and opper rolliDg enrfaoe and 
a case or jacket ; bat in the Plxoelanioc 
the ease orjaohet not only holds the tea leaf, bat it 
also drires the upper collieg surface and transmits 
motion to it, whilst in the triple-action roller the 
only nse to which the ease or jacket is put is to hold 
the tea leaf and that appears to be its only othce. 
As the Kxoelsiur was an improvement on the Standard 
so the triple-action roller is an improvement on the 
Exoalsior, and is daclJedly a far more efficient snd 
satiafbetory maehine. 
On the whole I am of opinion that the defondants 
have not infringed the plantiif’s right by the arrange- 
ment of transmitting ibotlan to the upper rolling sur- 
face thongb the case or jacket surrounding it, and that 
plaintiff’s action must be dismissed with oosts. 
Owen Moboan, D.J. 
t. e., in fact all the parts above the lower rolling 
Burfare except the lid which controls the pressure of 
the leaf in operation it is self-evident from a com- 
parison of the maciiint's in work ’.bst the principle of 
the " Excelsior ” invention “ the arrangement " to 
wit of transmitting motion to the upper rolling sur- 
face through the case or jacket surrounding it has 
been taken over by the “ Triple Action ” machine of 
the defeudants. 
Wherefo e the pe'itioner prays that the said judg- 
ment dated the 2nd day of May, 1892, may be ret 
aside and judgment entered for the plaintiff as prayed 
in the plaint and for such further and other relief 
in the premises as to your Hou’blo Court shall seem 
meet. (Signed) P. Likschino, 
Proctor for Flaiutiff and Appelluot. 
Petition op Apteal. 
In the District Ooart of Colombo. 
William Jaakson of Aberdeen, Scotland, Plaintiff 
and Appellant, vs. 1. Alfred Brown of Colombo, 2. 
'The Oolombo Commercial Company, Iiimited, of 
Colombo, Defeudanta and Respondents. 
On this 5tb day of May 1892. 
To the Hon’ble the Judges of the Supreme Court 
of the Island of Ceylon. 
The petition of appeal of the abovensmed plaintiff 
appearing by his Proctor Mr. F. Liesching states as 
follows 
T on r petitioner feeling aggrieved by the jndg- 
ment of the learned District Judge dated the 2iid 
day of May 1892 begs leave to appeal therefrom on 
the grounds 
1. That the issue of infringement has alone of all 
the issues in this action been decided sgainst your 
J etitiouer, and it is humbly submitted that the learned 
udge’s verdict on that issue is contrary to law and 
against the weight of evidence, 
2, It is contrary to law because in deter- 
mining this issue, and for that purpose enquir- 
ing into the nature of the invention alleged to 
have been infringed, the learned Judge has gov- 
erned himself not as he ehonld have done by a onu- 
sideration of the language of the speoillcatiouin which 
the invention . is described of the airoumstauces under 
wbiob this initrumont wss framed of the kind ef 
msohine to which it relates and the class of persons 
to which it is addressed bnt by the opinion of skilled 
witnesses as to the function and terminology of the 
various parts ef a maehine, treated rather as a model 
lor the illuBtratioD of mechanioul ptiuoiplse than as 
one designed fox the manufacture of a useful oom- 
""Thu'it indicated by the learned Judge’s remark that 
the triple anlion toller oould work perfectly well 
without the oaie or jacket. ^ So it miiiht, perhaps 
as a piece of meohaniam in a laboratory but it 
would not be an efficient machine in a factory. 
8. The real qnestion involvotl in the issue of iii- 
fringment is what did your petitioner mean by the 
word “jacket” in the specification of his invention 
aa illuaiated by the acoompanjing drawings, and if 
they are examined as made and addressed hy an 
inventor to workmen of ojmpeteiit skill and 
aoqu«mted with this olssa of m.ehinery there 
can be no room it is submitted for doubt that 
it must mean and could only have meant the 
ease oonaning the tea leaf with its bow bracket 
and general bearinga as a whole and the best 
available evidence is all on one side ns to the correct- 
ness of this informal!' n. r.. i r 
To treat the pieoea of wood which wh-n fitted to- 
gether compose the case in which the le..f is confined 
as an integral part of the machine Uisoouuccted from 
iti other O' 'Diti went parts and to oonlino the word 
iaokettothat wooden ease is to make it insensible 
for the purposes of the inventioa describe d in the spe- 
cification and contradicts Iho very language of the spe- 
eifioatiou with its drawings. 
4. If the jacket aa your petitioner contends eom- 
prisMthcoase, it supports tbebearings, bow, bracket, &o. 
THE PLANTING DISTRICTS OF 
SOUTHERN INDIA. 
As the first districts we propose to refer to are those 
in which coffee is cultivated, a brief raittmi of the life 
of the oeffoH planter tbronghoiit the year will be of in- 
terest. It is one of the most p 'pular fallacies of 
human nature to presume that everyone, whose method 
of work and whoie work iieelfis not identical with 
his own, must therefore be onjoyiog an easy and a 
l«zy life. The man across whose brow course peron- 
iiiat streams of sweat refnses to admit that he, who 
is able to keep cool with ibe thermometer over 80 
and is not ever on the fidget and fret, can honestly 
earn his bread. 8o it is argued by him in tea that the 
planter who is not enrsed with a factory r- joices in 
a life in whicli beer and skittles preponderate largely. 
No doubt the coffee planter is spared mueh anxiety 
by not having to be on the watch continually to 
eoe that his ptodnee is not ruined in the pr' paratiou 
of it, hilt this anxiety is mivde up to him in various 
ways— by the many changes and chances o( weather 
on which his whole crop depends, by the numerous 
enemies to the berry itself against which be has to 
guard, and by his having to entrust the preparation 
of the hean entirely to ethers, with whom he is often 
uot on the host huainess lernis, 
'The work of the coffee planter, who has an old 
estate and is n akiiig new cliarings, may he genera- 
lized as folio-' ■> ill the majority of the planting dis- 
tricts in Sonlhern India. In January he oommonces 
bis felling in order for the timber and brushwood to 
be well dried to burn off before the first ihowers (all 
towards the end of February or beginning of Maroh, 
Bo soon as this work is over, lining and pitting go 
on apsoe, for labour is soare through the hot months of 
March. April and May; and thnngh the planter may 
reoson on having the beet part of three mo' ths in 
which to plant, vet the smith-west monsoon is as fio lo 
as the fair sex. and the wise man will prepare so 
aa he enn take aiivantage of every burst ol the mon- 
soon aa tliniigii it were the last. In Jnne comes the 
iiioi'Snon. Then the rule is that there is more work 
to lie dona thsn hands to do It— planting in the new 
clearings, weeding in the old, to be followed by pru- 
ning, digging and manuring ; and wbiln the son is 
up the planter has hut little time to cool bis heels in 
his verandah until Sep'ember. when work eases off » 
littie, and advantage is taken to eiij -y ten days* 
holiday either in assisting at week festivity or a 
atolk after bisron and big game, or a vieit to 'he hos- 
pitable homestead of some distant, friend. Thus will 
the cpffee planter fortify himself against the 
mnltilUiiinoUB worries and am oyai.cea which 
sre rife while '* enip is on." In October he 
commences his preparation for the great event 
of the year, and befo u the middle of November 
small gangs of women and children will be put on for 
a ‘'fly-pick.” It msy be the middle of Deomber before 
the cron really hegina to pour in, and the whirr of the 
E nlper islhenrd in the land and the watch-firoa are|llt 
y the harbecnea and tbct'mo of the coffee ibeft' itat 
hand. These ore days ol intorFe anxieiiiy. it 'a 
with a deep and sincere sigh of relief that the respect 
for the last bandy load of parchment is received from 
