95° 
Supplement to the "TyopiccU Agyicultumt.'’’ 
[June I, 1892. 
soft soap coiT)])nsitions, and ciuassia and soft 
soap washes have been tried with advantage 
to prevent and cheek the onion fly (Anthimiyta 
ceparum), the celery Hy (Teji/infiK onopurtlinin), 
the carrot tly {Psila rosw), all of which work 
great destruction in vegetable gardens. These 
reniedie.s may be put on with garden engines 
fitted with nozzles like the llily, the helmet spray, 
tho Climax, and Stott nozzles, or with the 
“ knap.snck ” machint', of which there are several 
jiatterns in use. The best of tliese seems to bo 
the Kclair which is about 2 feet high, and con- 
sists of a cojipor reservoir, or ve.ssel, hoUling 26 
pints, made to fit on to the operator's liack, 
being fastened there with straps like a knapsack. 
A rod trar'erses the lower part of tho reservoir 
inside, being worked by a lever with tho operator’s 
hand. This does not move a piston as in or- 
dinary jmmps, but acts upon an Iiidiarubber 
diaphragm, by whose sucking action the liquid 
is forced through tho delivery tube with great 
force. With the Vermorrol or Kily nozzle the 
licpiid can bo delivered iu the finest sjiray, or 
almo.st in single jets, and iu any direction, 
f’or high trees the delivery hose can be lengthened 
by being attached to a light wooden or cane 
j)olo aini <lirocted by a boy. The machine will 
throw a spray from 20 to 2.5 feet and a jet 
60 feet high. It weighs about 40 lbs. when 
full and costs .To shillings. Thu Kclair is sold 
in l.ondon by Mes.srs. Clark & Co., Windsor Cham- 
bers, 20, (Ireat St., Helens, K. C. 
Tho onion crop -a source of much profit — also 
suffers greatly from the onion mildew ( /V/touzs- 
pora Sc/tlfiile7u'miii). Sulj>lmte of copper .solution.s 
will prevent this attack if ])ut on just as the 
bulbs begin to swell. In pre|)aring, dissolve tho 
sulphate of copper (fi IIm.) in a wooden vessel 
iu 6 gallons of boiling water; iu another vessel 
tho lime (2i lbs. of ((uicklime) is put with 4 or 
pints of water, and when slaked 4 gallons of 
water are adihal and the whole well stirred. This 
is tlien pnureil into the tub containing the ..sul- 
phate of coiiper, being pa.s.sed through a seive to 
keep back the particles of lime. The whole is well 
stirred and water to make up 22 gallons is added. 
Auotlnu and a weaker prei)aration is as fol- 
lows; — Tho sulphate of copper (.‘51bs.)ia dissolved 
iu cold water by hanging it in a coarse bag nr 
ba.'ket in a tub. In a separate tank the quick- 
lime (1 lb.) is slaked and pas.sed through a sieve 
and put into tho tub with the sulphate of copper, 
and the whole well-stirred. Water to makeup 
20 gallons is added. The Tomato is much 
alfect('d in some seasons by a fungus of tho 
family /'cronwpm'crc, and suliihate of copper 
preparations have been j.roved to be efticnciou.s 
against this. Tin. solutions may be put on 
with tho Kclair machine. Sulphate of cojjper 
may be usiid in the form of a ])owder for 
mildews (fungi) of varion.s kiinls. A good 
preparation of thi.s coii.sists of sul|)hnr oO parts, 
quicklime -'i, sul|)hate of copper 10, coal dust 
veiy finely cru.shed .37 jiarts. 
Another' powder (the Skawinski, obtainable of 
the manufacturer of that name, at ke.sparre, Me- 
doc, Knince, for about 10 shillings per cwt.) active 
against fungoid attack, ami used for vino 
mildri;w, i.t coinjiosed of 40 Ib.s. sulphate of 
copjier, (! lbs. ((uicklime, 1.51 lb.s, coal dustfinely 
ground, This may be put on with a souHlet or 
bellows which is a very useful means of 
distributing powders on a small scale for insect 
end fungoid attacks. A handy pail engine for 
small areas is Snow's patent universal garden 
engine, which may be fixed in any ordinary pail. 
Tho pump is very strong, forcing a powerful jet 
either in a single stream or in a thick fog. 
It is most easily worked. 
The helmet spray before referred to, envelopes 
plants in the densest mist ; the delivery can bo 
regulated by turning a screw. 
OCCASIONAL NOTES. 
The stud bull at the School of Agriculture is 
available for service ; charge B2'.50 per head ; 
arrangements as to date &c. should be made 
by letter. 
We have received from the Lawes’ Chemical 
Manure Company one bag each of their special 
manures for cotton, paddy and cereals, and for 
grass and leguminous crops, with tho request that 
we will experiment with them on our grounds. 
We have also received from Messrs. Sutton 
& Sons, the well-knowm seedsmen of Reading, 
a box containing samples of the following seed ; 
Lucerne, Common Sainfoin, Kidney Vetch, Hun- 
garian Forage grass, Bromus Schroederi, Giant 
Caragua Maize, Sorghum Vulgare, and Sorghum 
Saccharatum, I’ormanent pasture grasses and 
clovers, and strong-growing grasses and clovers 
for 3 or 4 years lay. 
Mr. W. A. de Silva, As.sistant Master at the 
School of Agriculture, loft for Bombay on tho 
12th of May, with a view to studying Veteri- 
nary Science at the Bombay Veterinary College. 
Jlr. Silva, who holds a Government Scholarship, 
expects to be away for 3 years, at the end of 
which time he will return to the School. 
Mr. Jtendis, an old boy of this school, who 
has been iu the employ of Mr. Clovis do Silva 
of Moratuwa, ou a coconut property in Kegalle 
district, has just been transferred to a ten estate 
belonging to the same proprietor in Alutgama. 
Mr. Lye, the Veterinary Surgeon, will com- 
mence his course of lectures to the Agricultural 
Students in J uly, after tho vacation. Since his 
arrival, Mr. Lye has been enquiring into the 
epizootic disease commonly known as “Murrain,” 
and for this purpose spent a few days in the 
Matnle district, and has advised a course of 
medical treatment which, we believe, is being 
adopted at present in the district naraetk 
Some months ago a writer in the Ceylon 
Observer discussed tho question of the protection 
of binls, and urged that singing birds and those 
useful to the agriculturist should be protected, 
while those which damage crops should among 
others be permitted to bo destroyed. In the 
ludiati Museum Notes anattomid, has been made 
to classify Indian birds according to tho diets 
which they affect. Unilor purely insectivorous 
birds fall tho Cuckoos, Trogons, Rollers, Bee- 
eaters, Hoopoes, Woodpeckers, Goatsuckers, 
Swifts, Ground Thrushes, Wagtails, Swallow.s, 
Hedge-sparrows, I’ipits, Redstarts, Robbins, 
Chats, Fly-catchers, Shrikes, Miuirets, Warblers, 
