HYPEBBOBEATf TBIBES, 
339 
of Alaska, and of Prince William’s Sound. The eastern and 
western branches* of this polar race, the Esquimaus; and 
the Tschougascs, though at the vast distance of eight hun- 
dred leagues apart, are imited by the most intimate ana- 
logy of languages. This analogy extends even to the in- 
habitants of the north-east of Asia ; for the idiom of the 
Tschouktsckesf at the mouth of the Anadir, has the same 
roots as the language of the Esquimaux who inhabit the 
coast of America opposite to Europe. ’The Tsehouktsches 
are the Esquimaux of Asia. Like the Malays, that hyper- 
borean race reside only on the sea-coasts. They are almost 
all smaller in stature than the other Americans, and are 
quick, lively, and talkative. Their hair is almost straight, 
and black ; but their skin (and this is very characteristic of 
the race, which I shall designate under the name of Tschou- 
gaz-Esquimaux) is originally whitish. It is certain that 
the children of the Greenlanders are born white ; some re- 
tain that whiteness ; and often in the brownest (the most 
tanned) the redness of the blood is seen to appear on their 
cheeks. £ 
The second portion of the natives of America includes 
all those nations which are not Tschougaz-Esquimaux, be- 
ginning from Cook’s River to the Straits of Magellan, from 
the TJgaljachmouzes attd the Kiuacse of Mount St. Elias, 
to the Puelches and Teliuelhets of the southern hemisphere. 
The men who belong to this second branch, are taller, 
stronger, more warlike, and more taciturn than the others. 
They present also very remarkable differences in the colour 
of tlieir skin. In Mexico, Peru, New Grenada, Quito, on 
the banks of the Orinoco and of the river Amazon, in every 
part of South America which I have explored, in the plain's 
as well as on the coldest table-lands, the Indian children 
of two or three months old have the same bronze tint as 
* Vatcr, in Mithridates, vol. iii. Egede, Krantz, Ilearae, Mackenzie, 
Portlock, Chwostoff, Davidoff, ResanofF, Merk, and Billing, have de- 
scribed the great family of these Tschougaz-Esquimaux. 
"t I mean here only the Tsehouktsches who have fixed dwelling-places, 
for the wandering Tsehouktsches approach very near the Koriaks. 
t Krantz, Ilist. of Greenland, 16(17, tom. i. Greenland does not 
seem to have been inhabited in the eleventh century ; at least the Esqui- 
maux appeared only in the fourteenth, coming from the west. 
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