ALAUDIN^. LARKS. 
95 
lower parts lig“lit yellowish-grey, the fore neck and breast often deeply 
tinged with red, and marked with short, slender, brownish-black spots, 
the sides streaked ; quills and tail-feathers as in winter with the pale 
margins less distinct. Young more tinged with green above, the bill 
paler, with a great part of the lower mandible yellowish-red, the lower 
parts pale yellowish-grey, with an obscure lunule of brownish-black 
on the fore neck, the low^er part of which and the sides are streaked 
with dark brown, and tinged with reddish-brown. 
Mahy 64 , 104 . 
Throughout the Western and Southern Districts during autumn and 
winter. Breeds in Labrador and the Fur Countries. Abundant. 
Brown Lark, Alauda rufa, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. v. p. 89. 
Anthus Spinoletta, Bo nap. Syn. p. 90. 
Brown Titlark, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p 49. Adult. 
Prairie Titlark, Anthus pipiens, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 408, Young. Brown 
Titlark and Prairie Titlark, v. v. p. 449. 
This species is nearly allied to Anthus aquations and A. pratensisy 
more especially to the latter, from which it is distinguished by having 
the bill much stouter, the tarsus longer, the hind claws stouter, more 
curved, and much shorter, the colour of the feet much darker, in being 
always much more rufous beneath, and in sometimes, when the sum- 
mer is advanced, being almost entirely unspotted there. From A. 
aquations it is at once distinguished by the whitish band over the eye, 
and the white on the outer tail-feathers. It indeed seems wonderful 
that any ornithologist should have mistaken it for that species. 
FAMILY XIV. ALAUDINiE. LARKS. 
Bill rather short, or of moderate length, somewhat coni- 
cal, compressed toward the end ; upper mandible with its 
dorsal line sloping and slightly convex, the edges sharp and 
overlapping, the notches generally obsolete ; the tip nar- 
row and a little deflected ; lower mandible with the angle 
of moderate length and narrow, the dorsal line ascending 
and nearly straight, the edges slightly inflected, the tip 
acute ; gape-line straight. Nostrils elliptical or oblong, ba- 
sal. Head oblong, of moderate size ; neck rather short ; 
body ovate. Feet of moderate length, or rather long; tar- 
sus compressed, with eight anterior scutella ; toes slender, 
compressed; the hind toe elongated, second and fourth 
about equal, third much longer. Claws rather long, arched. 
