114 
FRINGILLIN^. LINARIA. 
ginate or forked, with the feathers pointed. Roof of upper 
mandible concave, with two ridges ; tongue deeper than 
broad, concave above toward the point, which is acute ; 
oesophagus enlarged about the middle ; stomach roundish, 
muscular ; intestine of moderate length, slender ; coeca very 
small. 
178. 1. Linaria borealis, Temm. Mealy Redpoll Linnet. 
Plate CCCC. Fig. 2. Male. 
Male with the upper part of the head crimson, the cheeks, sides of 
the body, and hind part of the rump pale carmine ; a band edging the 
forehead, the loral space, and the throat black ; upper parts dusky, 
streaked with brownish- white, the fore part of the rump nearly white ; 
feathers of the wings and tail dusky, margined with greyish -white, of 
which there are two transverse bands on the wings, formed by the tips 
of the secondary coverts and first row of small coverts ; lower parts 
greyish- white, the sides streaked with dusky. Female somewhat less, 
with the black on the forehead and throat tinged with brown, the 
crimson patch on the head of less extent, the sides and rump desti- 
tute of red. 
Male, 51, 9. 
Accidental in New Jersey and New York. More common from 
Maine northward. Labrador and Fur Countries. Columbia River. 
Grosbec boreal, Fringilla borealis, Temm. Man. d’Orn. v. iii. p. 264. 
Mealy Redpoll, Fringilla borealis, Aun. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 87. 
179. 2. Linaria minor, Ray. Lesser Redpoll Linnet. 
Plate CCCLXXV. Male and Female. 
Male with the upper part of the head crimson ; the sides of the neck, 
its fore part, the breast, and flanks, rich carmine ; a band edging the 
forehead, the loral space, and the throat, brownish -black ; the hind 
part of the head, the neck, the fore part of the back, and the scapulars 
deep-brown, streaked with pale yellowish-brown ; the feathers on the 
rump margined with whitish, and tipped with carmine ; feathers of the 
wings and tail brown, edged with yellowish-brown, of which there are 
two bands on the wings formed by the tips of the secondary coverts 
and first row of small coverts; middle of the breast, abdomen, and 
lower tail-coverts white, tinged with rose-colours ; the sides longitu- 
dinally streaked with dusky. Female somewhat less, with the back 
of the forehead and throat more brown, less red on the head, and lit- 
tle or none on the rump or lower parts, which are white, the breast 
and flanks streaked with dusky. Young with the feathers of the up- 
per parts blackish-brown, edged with yellowish-brown, the rump yel- 
