116 
FRINGILLIN^. CARDUELIS. 
tarsus short, compressed, slender, with seven scutella ; toes 
moderate, the first large, the lateral nearly equal. Claws 
long, compressed, moderately curved, very acute. Plumage 
very soft and blended. Wings rather long, pointed, the 
first, second, and third quills about equal and longest. Tail 
rather short, deeply emarginate. Roof of upper mandible 
deeply concave ; tongue grooved above, pointed ; oesophagus 
dilated about the middle ; stomach small, broadly elliptical, 
moderately muscular ; intestine short ; coeca very small. 
181. 1. Carduelis tristis, Linn. American Goldfinch. 
Plate XXXIII. Male and Female. 
Bill rather slender, second and third quills longest. Male rich 
lemon-yellow, fading behind into yellowish-white ; upper part of head, 
wings, and tail black ; smaller coverts yellow, quills margined, and 
secondary coverts tipped with yellowish-white ; inner webs of tail- 
feathers in their terminal half white. Female brownish-olive above, 
without black on the head ; fore neck and breast greyish-yellow, the 
rest of the lower parts greyish-white. Young like the female, as is 
the male in winter. 
Male, 4L 8. 
Abundant in the Middle and Western Districts, during summer. 
Accidental in the Southern States during wdnter. Columbia River and 
Fur Countries. Abundant. Migratory. 
American Goldfinch, Fringilla tristis, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 20. 
Fringilla tristis, Bonap. Syn. p. 111. 
Carduelis Americana (Edwards), American Goldfinch, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. 
Amer. v. ii. p. 268. 
Yellow Bird or American Goldfinch, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 507. 
American Goldfinch, Fringilla tristis, Aun. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 172 ; v. v. p. 510. 
182. 2. Carduelis magellanicus, Vieill. Black-headed 
Goldfinch. 
« 
Plate CCCXCIV. Fig. 2. Male. 
Bill moderately stout ; first and second quills equal and longest. 
Male with the head and throat black, back yellowish-green, rump and 
lower parts greenish-yellow ; wings black, with two bands of yellow- 
ish-green, terminating the first row of small coverts, and the secondary 
coverts ; a conspicuous band of yellow on the basal portion of all the 
quills, most of which are margined with the same toward the end ; 
tail yellow, with the terminal half black. 
Male, 4|, wing 2 t§. 
