FRINGILLTNJE. LOXIA. 
127 
rent at the base. Claws long, moderately arched, com- 
pressed, acute, that of the third toe longer than that of the 
first. Plumage soft, full, rather blended ; two tufts of 
bristly feathers at the base of the upper mandible directed 
forwards. Wings of moderate length, pointed, the first, 
second, and thirdj nearly equal. Tail rather long, deeply 
emarginate. ^ Roof of the mouth concave, with five promi- 
neht ridges ; tongue deeper than broad, in its distal half 
oblong, concave, obtuse; ' and horny ; ^oesophagus dilated 
about the middle ; stomach large, muscular, with the lateral 
muscles distinct, .and the epithelium rugous, intestine long, 
and rather slender ; coeca very small ; cloaca oblong. 
199. 1. Corythus Enucleator, Linn. Common Pine-finch. 
— Pine Grosbeak. 
Plate CCCLVIII. Male, Female, anti Young. 
Male bright carmine, tinged with vermilion ; the feathers on the 
fore part of the back and the scapulars greyish-brown in the centre ; 
bristly feathers at the base of the bill blackish -brown ; middle of the 
breast, abdomen, and lower tail -coverts, light grey, the latter with a 
central dusky streak ; wings blackish-brown ; primaries edged with 
reddish-white, secondaries more broadly with white ; secondary coverts 
and first row of small coverts tipped with reddish-white ; smaller 
coverts edged with red. Female with the upper part of the head and 
bind neck yellowish-brown, the rump brownish -yellow, the rest of the 
upper parts light brownish -grey, wings and tail as in the male, but 
the white edgings and tips tinged with grey ; cheeks and throat greyish- 
white, or yellowish ; lower parts ash-grey, anteriorly tinged with 
brownish-yellow. The young resemble the female. Young males 
yellow and red, like those of Loxia curvirostra. 
Male, 8i, 14. Femaley 8^, 13|. 
From Pennsylvania and New Jersey, in winter, eastward to New- 
foundland. Breeds from Maine northward. Common. Migratory. 
Pine Grosbeak, Loxia Enucleator, Wins. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 80. 
Pyrrhula Enucleator, Bonap. Syn. p. 119. 
Pyrrhula ( Corythus) Enucleator, Pine Bullfinch, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. 
V. ii. p. 262, 
Pine Grosbeak- or Bullfinch, Nott. Man. v. i. p. 535. 
Pine Grosbeak, Pyrrhula Enucleator, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 414. 
. = ..GENUS XIII. LOXIA, Linn. CROSSBILL. 
Bill rather long, stout at the base, where it is much 
