FRINGILLINjE. pyranga. 
135 
anteriorly by a broadish band of bright yellow passing over the eyes ; a 
narrow line of black margining the base of the bill ; cheeks, lower part 
of hind neck, and throat, dark yellowish-olive, this colour gradually 
brightening on the body, until, on the outer edges of the scapulars, 
the rump, the axillars, lower wing- coverts, abdomen, and lower tail- 
coverts, it becomes pure yellow ; smaller wing-coverts, alula, primary 
coverts, primaries, outer three secondaries, outer web of the next, and 
the bases of the inner secondaries black, as is the tail ; six inner secon- 
daries, and their coverts, the basal part excepted, black. Female with 
the upper parts brownish-grey, the head and cheeks darker, the lower 
parts pale grey, the throat white, with two longitudinal black bands ; 
a band of greenish-yellow across the fore part of the back, axillars and 
lower wing-coverts light yellow ; wings and tail, with their coverts, 
brownish-black, secondary coverts, and quills edged with yellowish- 
white, bases of some of the primaries, tips of the tail-coverts, and in- 
ner webs of all the tail-feathers at the end, white. Young male simi- 
lar to the female, but without the black bands on the throat. 
Male, 8, wing 4|. Female, *7h, wing 4^. 
Michigan. Columbia River. Saskatchewan. Common. Migratory. 
Fringilla vespertina, Cooper, Ann. Lyc. New Yoi’k, v. i. p. 220. 
Evening Grosbeak, Fringilla vespertina, Bonap. Syn. p. 113. 
Evening Grosbeak, Fringilla vespertina, Bonap. Amer. Orn. v. ii. pi. 14. 
Coccothraustes vespertina. Evening Grosbeak, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. 
V. ii. p. 269. 
Evening Grosbeak, Nctt. Man. v. i. p. 594. 
Coccothraustes Bonapartii, Lesson, Young Male. 
Evening Grosbeak, Fringilla vespertina, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 515 ; v. v. p. 235. 
GENUS XVIII. PYRANGA, Vieill. RED-BIRD. 
Bill of moderate length, robust, tapering, compressed to- 
ward the end, acute ; upper mandible with its dorsal line 
declinate and considerably convex, the ridge rather narrow, 
nasal sinus very short and wide, the sides convex, the edges 
sharp, slightly arched, with a festoon about the middle, the 
notches distinct, the tip very slender, declinate ; lower man- 
dible strong, with the angle short and rounded, the dorsal 
line straight, the sides convex, the edges direct, the tip acute. 
Nostrils basal, round. Head ovate ; neck short ; body com- 
pact. Tarsus short, with seven scutella ; toes rather small, 
the first moderate, the outer slightly longer than the inner, 
and adherent at the base. Claws moderate, well arched, 
much compressed, laterally grooved, acute, those of the first 
