AGELAIN^. AGELAIUS. 
141 
■ Western Plains, California, and Fur Countries. Abundant. Mi- 
gratory. 
Yellow-headed Troopial, Icterus icterocephalus, Bonap. Amer. Ora. v. i. p. 27. 
Icterus xanthocephalus, Bonap. Syn. p. 52. 
Agelaius xanthocephalus. Saffron-headed Maize-Bird, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. 
Amer. v. ii. p. 281. 
Yellow-headed Troopial, Ndtt. Man. v. i. p. 176. 
Yellow-headed Troopial, Icterus xanthocephalus, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 6. 
214. 2. Agelaius tricolor, Aud, Red-and- white-shouldered 
Marsh-Blackbird. 
Plate CCCLXXXVIII. Fig. 1. Male. 
Tail almost even. Male with the plumage glossy bluish-black ; the 
smaller wing-coverts deep carmine, their first or posterior row white. 
Bill considerably longer than in the two following species. 
Male 3 9 ; wing, 5. 
North California. Abundant. Migratory. 
Red-and-white-winged Troopial, Icterus tricolor, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v, p. 1. 
215. 3. Agelaius Gubernator, Wagler. Red-and-black- 
shouldered Marsh-Blackbird. 
Plate CCCCXX. Male and Female. 
Tail slightly rounded. Male with the plumage glossy bluish-black ; 
the smaller wing-coverts carmine scarlet, their first or posterior row 
tinged with yellow, and broadly tipped with black. Female much 
smaller, with the upper parts dark brown, the feathers edged with 
light brown ; some of the smaller wing-coverts edged with dull scarlet, 
the first row with brownish-white ; the larger coverts, quills, and 
tail-feathers, blackish-brown, edged with dull reddish-brown ; lower 
parts longitudinally streaked with dusky and whitish, the fore neck 
strongly tinged with dull carmine. 
Male, 9 ; wing, 
California. 
Psarocolius Gubernator, Wagler, Syst. Avium. 
Crimson-winged Troopial, Icterus Gubernator, Aud. Ora. Biog. v. v. p. 211. 
216. 4. Agelaius phceniceus, Linn. Red-and-yellow- 
shouldered Marsh-Blackbird. — Red-winged Starling. 
Plate LXVII. Male, Female, and Young. 
Tail considerably rounded. Male with the plumage glossy black, 
the smaller wing- coverts scarlet, their first or posterior row buff*- 
coloured, at the tip whitish. F emale much smaller, with the upper 
parts dark brown, the feathers edged with light brown ; some of the 
