180 
PICIN^. PIOUS. 
265. 10. Pious pubescens, Linn. Downy Woodpecker. 
Plate CXII. Male and Female. 
Bill mucli shorter than the head, slender ; fourth toe considerably 
longer than third ; fourth quill longest ; upper bristles over the nostrils 
yellowish, tipped with black ; upper part of the head glossy black ,* a 
band of white over the eye ending in a scarlet occipital band ; then a 
band of black from the eye to the hind neck, succeeded by one of 
white from the angle of the mouth, curving so as nearly to meet its 
fellow on the hind neck, and a black band from the lower mandible 
down the side of the neck. Upper parts black; feathers along the 
middle of the back tipped with white ; coverts and quills spotted with 
white, there being six spots on the outer, and five on the inner webs 
of the four longest primaries, the outermost quill with one patch of 
white on the inner web, and the next with four spots on each web ; 
outer small tail-feathers white, with a single black spot, next two 
white, with two terminal black bands, the rest variegated, except the 
two middle, which are black. Female without red. 
MalSj 6f, 12. 
Breeds from Texas to Labrador, and northward to Lat. 68°. Com- 
mon throughout the interior to the eastern bases of the Rocky Moun- 
tains. In every district, a constant resident. 
Downy Woodpecker, Picus pubescens, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 153. 
Picus pubescens, Bo nap. Syn. p. 46. 
Picus (Dendrocopus) pubescens, Downy Woodpecker, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. 
Amer. v. ii. p. 307. 
Downy Woodpecker, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 576. 
Downy Woodpecker, Picus pubescens, Au». Orn. Biog. v. ii. p. 81 5 v. v. p. 539. 
266. 11. Picus Gairdneri, Aud. Gairdner’s Woodpecker. 
Not figured. 
Bill shorter than the head, slender ; fourth toe considerably longer 
than third, fifth quill longest ; black above, with a scarlet occipital 
band, brownish-white beneath ; spotted with white, and in all respects 
as to colour like the last species, only the spots on the wings are much 
smaller, and the patch of red brocade' ; the toes and bill larger. 
Length, ^7% j 3x§. 
Columbia River, 
Gairdner’s Woodpecker, Picus Gairdnerii, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 317. 
267. 12. Picus querulus, Wils. Red-cockaded Woodpecker. 
Plate CCCLXXXIX. 
Upper part of the head, hind neck, and a band on each side of the 
neck, glossy black ; a large patch on the side of the head and neck 
white ; back black, barred with white ; wings brownish-black, spotted 
