COLUMBINE. 
189 
acute ; lower mandible very deep at the base, with the 
dorsal line convex and ascending, the tip sharp-edged and 
truncate. The nostrils basal, round. Feet short, stout ; 
tarsus very short ; toes of moderate length, stout ; claws 
strong, curved, acute. Plumage blended, compact on the 
wings, which are long and pointed, with the second quill 
longest. Tail long, cuneate. 
281. 1. Centurus Carolinensis, Linn. Carolina Parrakeet. 
Plate XXVI. Male, Female, and Young. 
Fore part of the head and cheeks bright carmine, that colour ex- 
tending over and behind the eyes, the rest of the head and neck pure 
bright yellow ; upper parts emerald-green, with light blue reflections, 
lower parts lighter ; edge of wing yellow, primary coverts deep bluish- 
green, secondary coverts yellowish-green ; quills with the inner webs 
dusky, the outer yellow at the base, blue toward the end ; tail green; 
tibial feathers yellow, the lowest bright red. Young with the head 
green. 
Male, 14, 22. 
South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, and up the 
Mississippi to Kentucky. Abundant. Resident. 
Psittacus carolinensis, Linn. Syst. Nat. v. i. p. 141. 
Carolina Parrot, Psittacus carolinensis. Wins. Amei’. Orn. v. iii. p. 89. 
Psittacus carolinensis, Bonap. Syn. p. 41. 
Carolina Parrot, Psittacus carolinensis, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 545. 
Carolina Parrot, Psittacus carolinensis, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 135. 
FAMILY XXIX. COLUMBINtE. PIGEONS. 
Bill short, soft for half its length, horny toward the end ; 
upper mandible with a tumid fleshy covering at the base, its 
dorsal line straight, toward the end convex and deflected, 
the tip narrow, but obtuse ; lower mandible at its base wider 
than the upper, its sides elastic and slender, the angle long 
and obtuse, the dorsal line short and convex, the tip obtuse. 
Nostrils linear in the lower and fore part of the nasal mem- 
brane. Head small, oblong ; neck of moderate length ; body 
rather full. Feet short ; tarsus partially feathered, scute!" 
late, or scaly ; toes four, on the same level, broad beneath. 
