TETRAONIN^. TETRAO. 
203 
Tetrao umbellus, Ruifed Grouse, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 342. 
Ruffed Grouse, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 657. 
Ruffed Grouse, Tetrao Umbellus, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 211 5 v. v. p. 560. 
** Tarsus feathered to the toes. Tail rather long_, broad^ rounded. 
296. 2. Tetrao Canadensis, Linn. Canada Grouse. — Spot- 
ted Grouse. 
Plate CLXXVI. Male and Female. 
Tail of sixteen feathers, rounded. Male with the upper parts trans- 
versely banded with brownish- black and light grey ; wings variegated 
with dusky and greyish-yellow ; quills brown, the outer webs of the 
primaries mottled with yellowish ; tail blackish -brown, tipped with a 
band of reddish-yellow ; lower parts black ; the feathers on the throat 
with a white spot near the end ; a band of white spots behind the eye ; 
on the breast, the feathers with a broad subterminal spot ; and the lower 
tail-coverts largely tipped with white. Female with the upper parts 
as in the male, but more broadly barred ; head, sides of neck, fore 
neck, and anterior part of breast, yellowish-red, barred with brownish- 
black ; lower parts greyish-black, barred with reddish -white ; tail mi- 
nutely mottled, and tipped with reddish-brown. 
Male, 15 1, 21 1. Female, 15^, 21. 
Plentiful from the northern parts of New York to Labrador, as well 
as from Canada to the Arctic Sea. Columbia River. Partially migra- 
tory in winter. 
Spotted Grouse, Tetrao canadensis, Bonap. Amer. Orn. v. iii. pi. 20. 
Tetrao canadensis, Bonap. Syn. p. 127. 
Tetrao canadensis, Spotted Grouse, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 346. 
Tetrao Franklinii, Franklin’s Grouse, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 348. 
Spotted Grouse, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 667. 
Spotted or Canada Grouse, Tetrao canadensis, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. ii. p. 437 ; v. v. 
p. 563. 
297. 3. Tetrao obscurus, Say. Dusky Grouse. 
Plate CCCLXI. Male and Female. 
A slender crest of narrow feathers ; tail of twenty feathers ; round- 
ed. Male with the upper parts blackish-brown, the wings lighter; 
elongated feathers on the head grej’ish-brown ; hind neck minutely 
undulated with bluish-grey ; scapulars, inner secondaries, and smaller 
wing-coverts also minutely undulated with grey and brownish-red ; 
rump and upper tail-coverts and quills clove-brown, secondaries 
bordered and tipped with yellowish-grey, primaries mottled with grey 
on their outer webs, tail black ; sides of head, fore part and sides of 
neck, and fore part of breast, greyish-black ; loral space and throat 
barred with white ; lower parts generally blackish-grey, the feathers 
of the sides with a median streak and terminal patch of white, and 
more or less barred with dusky, as are the lower tail-coverts ; axillary 
